Wake waya egunjini labagula kakhulu ( ICU )? Noma mhlawumbe uke wakubona ku-movie, lapho iziguli ezigula kakhulu zixhunywe khona emshinini ukuze zibasize baphefumule. Abantu abaningi bayesaba lapho bebona lo mshini, kodwa empeleni uyithuluzi lezokwelapha elibaluleke kakhulu elingasindisa izimpilo eziningi. Siwubiza ngokuthi umshini wokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngalokho okwenzekayo ngempela ngalo mshini wokuphefumula nokuthi kungani udingeka.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ventilator?
Kalula nje, umshini wokuphefumula uwumshini okusiza ukuphefumula uma unenkinga yokuphefumula wedwa. Ubizwa nangokuthi umshini wokuphefumula wemishini .
Cabanga ngamaphaphu ethu njengamabhaluni amabili amancane. Uma siphefumula, lawa mabhaluni agcwala umoya-mpilo , futhi uma siphefumula, ancipha nge- carbon dioxide , engadingeki ngumzimba. Kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu, izingozi, noma lapho singaphansi kwe-anesthesia yokuhlinzwa okukhulu, umzimba wethu awusakwazi ukwenza le nqubo yokuphefumula kahle ngokwawo. Yilapho-ke umshini wokuphefumula uza ukuzosisiza khona.
Lokhu kwenza izinto ezimbili ikakhulukazi:
1. Umoya ocebile nge-oksijini ufakwa emaphashini akho.
2. Kuyasiza ekukhipheni igesi ye-carbon dioxide, eyingozi emzimbeni, emaphashini.
Abantu abaningi badidanisa umshini wokuphefumula nomshini wokuphefumula. Kodwa lezi yizinto ezimbili ezahlukene. Umshini wokuphefumula inqubo lapho udokotela efaka khona ipayipi endleleni yakho yokuphefumula. Umshini wokuphefumula umshini oxhunywe kulowo mshini futhi okusiza ukuphefumula.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-ventilator?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo nezindlela eziningana zokufaka umoya opholile ezisetshenziswayo kuye ngesimo sesiguli. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
| Uhlelo/uhlobo lwe-ventilator | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umoya Ongangenisi Umoya | Lokhu akubandakanyi ukufaka ithubhu emzimbeni. Kunalokho, kufakwa imaski yobuso ezungeze ikhanda ngezintambo, bese kufakwa umshini wokuphefumula kuyo. Imishini ye-CPAP ne-BiPAP, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-sleep apnea, iyizibonelo ezinhle zalokhu. |
| Umoya Ongenasidingo | Kulokhu, kufakwa ipayipi endaweni yomoya. Leli payipi lifakwa ngomlomo (intubation) noma ngokuhlinzwa okuncane entanyeni (tracheostomy) bese lixhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula. |
| Isikhwama Sokuvuselela Umoya Ngesandla | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'isikhwama se-Ambu'. Singapompelwa ngesandla ukuze sinike isiguli umoya. Sisetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho umshini wokuphefumula ungatholakali noma uma umshini wehluleka. |
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kudingeka khona umshini wokuphefumula?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza umuntu adinge umshini wokuphefumula, kungaba owesikhashana noma owesikhathi eside.
- Ukuhlinzwa : Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu, i -anesthesia ejwayelekile enikezwayo ingenza ukuphefumula kwethu kube buthaka. Ngakho-ke, umshini wokuphefumula uyasiza kuze kube yilapho sivuka ekuhlinzweni kwe-anesthesia.
- Ukwehluleka Kokuphefumula: Leli igama elinikezwe isimo lapho ungakwazi ukuphefumula wedwa. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo, noma kungakhula kancane kancane ngenxa yesifo esingamahlalakhona.
- Izifo ezifana ne-COVID-19: Njengoba ungase ukhumbule, ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, iziguli ezalimala kakhulu amaphaphu azo yileli gciwane , zagcwala uketshezi, futhi zangakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwazo zazidinga ukwesekwa komoya-mpilo.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:
- Ukulimala kobuchopho noma isifo sohlangothi
- I-pneumonia enzima
- Izifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona njenge-COPD ( Isifo Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona )
- I-ARDS (i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) - isimo lapho amaphaphu egcwele khona uketshezi
- Ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy (i-Anaphylaxis)
- Izifo ezithinta imizwa nemisipha (isib. i-Guillain-Barré syndrome)
- Isimo se-Coma
Kwenzekani uma uxhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, akuyona into ekhululekile kakhulu. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile uma ufakwe ipayipi emlonyeni wakho. Kodwa ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi odokotela bazokunikeza imithi yokudambisa ukuze uhlale uphumule futhi ukhululekile. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe uphapheme, ungase ungazi kahle. Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, odokotela bangase banqume ukukulalisa ngokuphelele ukuze basize umzimba wakho ululame ngokushesha.
Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazohlala beqapha isimo sakho. Bazohlala bekala izinto ezifana nomfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo , kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo. Udokotela wezokwelapha uzosebenzisa nepayipi lokumunca ukuze asuse amafinyila emaphashini akho.
Uma unepayipi emlonyeni wakho, ngeke ukwazi ukukhuluma noma ukudla noma ukuphuza. Uzonikezwa ukudla okunomsoco okubalulekile nge-IV (saline) noma elinye ipayipi elifakwa esiswini sakho.
Uma umuntu omaziyo esebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula...
Lesi isikhathi esinzima kokubili isiguli kanye nomndeni. Uma othandekayo wakho ekulesi simo, nansi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze umsize:
- Hlala unethemba: Amandla akho angamandla amakhulu kuye.
- Khuluma njalo: Uyakuzwa. Izwi lakho lizomduduza.
- Bambani izandla: Uzokuzwa ukuthinta kwakho.
- Siza ngokuxhumana: Uma ephapheme, msize axhumane ngezimpawu, ukubhala, nokukhomba.
- Letha okuthile ajwayelene nakho ekhaya: into ayisebenzisayo, njengesikhwama somcamelo noma ingubo, ukuze azizwe ekhululekile.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngomshini wokuphefumula?
Nakuba umshini wokuphefumula uyithuluzi elisindisa impilo, ungabangela nezinkinga ezithile. Odokotela kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi bahlala beqaphela lezi zingozi futhi bathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze bazivimbele.
| Inkinga | Yini engenzeka? |
|---|---|
| Izifo | Amagciwane angangena emaphashini ngepayipi lokuphefumula futhi abangele i-pneumonia. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) . |
| Ukulimala Kwamaphaphu | Uma ingcindezi noma inani lomoya-mpilo elilethwa yi-ventilator likhuphuka, lingalimaza amaphaphu abuthakathaka. Lokhu kungaholela ekuweni kwamaphaphu (pneumothorax) noma ekuqongeleleni koketshezi emaphashini (pulmonary edema). |
| Ezinye izingozi | Ukuba sesimweni esifanayo isikhathi eside kungaholela ezilondeni zokulala kanye namahlule egazi . Futhi, ngemva kokubuyela engqondweni, ungase uzizwe udidekile kancane (ukudideka kwengqondo) futhi ube nenkumbulo embi. Kungase kube noshintsho ezwini lakho ngemva kokususwa kwepayipi. |
Uzikhipha kanjani kumshini wokuphefumula?
Lokhu akuyona into eyenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma odokotela sebeqiniseka ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphefumula kahle wedwa, bazonciphisa kancane kancane ukwesekwa okuvela kumshini wokuphefumula bese ekugcineni besusa ipayipi. Sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi 'ukukhumula' .
Kuvamile ukuthi ekuqaleni uzwe umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nezwi elihoshozelayo ngemva kokukhishwa kwepayipi. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bedidekile futhi bebuthakathaka ngokomzimba. Konke lokhu kuzothuthuka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Khumbula, isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ngokuvamile kuthiwa nsuku zonke usebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula, kuthatha okungenani isonto lonke ukululama ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesineke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umshini wokuphefumula akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, uyithuluzi lezokwelapha elibalulekile elisiza ekusindiseni izimpilo.
- Isetshenziselwa ukusiza amaphaphu lapho isiguli singakwazi ukuphefumula sodwa.
- Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukudla ngenkathi unepayipi emlonyeni wakho, ngokuvamile awuzizwa ubuhlungu.
- Nakuba kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile, udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha bahlala beqaphile ngazo.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi ululame ngokugcwele ngemva kokukhishwa kumshini wokuphefumula. Lokhu kuyinto evamile, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi uqhubeke nokwelashwa kwakho.
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