Awukwazi ukuyeka ukuba nesifo sohudo esinamanzi? Angazi ngisho nange-Cryptosporidiosis! Ake sixoxe ngalokhu.

Ingabe wena noma othile emndenini wakho ubelokhu unesifo sohudo esinamanzi, uhudo olubuhlungu, noma ukuhlanza izinsuku ezimbalwa? Kungenzeka ukuthi usanda kubhukuda echibini lokubhukuda lomphakathi. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi uphuze amanzi avela emthonjeni ongaziwa. Uma kunjalo, engizokutshela kona kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Cryptosporidiosis , esicasulayo kancane, kodwa uma wazi, ungasilawula.

Kuyini i-Cryptosporidiosis?

Kalula nje, i-cryptosporidiosis isifo sesisu esibangelwa yi-parasite encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cryptosporidium . Uphawu oluyinhloko uhudo olunamanzi . Lungabangela nezinye izimpawu, njengobuhlungu besisu kanye nesicanucanu. Lesi silwanyana sivame ukudluliselwa ngamanzi angcolile. Sivame kakhulu emachibini okubhukuda omphakathi, emaphophomeni, nasemifuleni. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuthi "crypto" ngamafuphi.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lokhu?

Noma ubani angathola i-cryptosporidiosis, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuyithola.

Cabanga nje, izingane ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka eyodwa kuya kwemine ubudala cishe zizobhekana nalokhu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi izingane ezincane azikaqondi ukubaluleka kokugeza izandla nokuthi amagciwane asakazeka kanjani. Futhi, lesi sifo singadluliselwa kalula kubo nakubazali babo ababanakekelayo ngamanabukeni .

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa nabantu abalandelayo nabo basengozini enkulu:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala.
• Abantu abahlala noma abasebenza nezingane ezincane (isib. othisha bezingane zasenkulisa, abasebenzi bezikhungo zokunakekela izingane).
• Abantu abaphuza amanzi angahlanjululiwe futhi angahlungiwe (ikakhulukazi lapho behamba, behamba ngezinyawo, noma bekhempa, bephuza amanzi avela emithonjeni engaziwa).
• Abantu abasebenza nezilwane, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenzisana nezilwane zasemapulazini (imfuyo).
• Abantu abavame ukugeza nokudlala imidlalo yasemanzini emachibini okubhukuda omphakathi, emachibini, nasemifuleni.
• Abantu abanakekela umuntu one-cryptosporidiosis.

Ubani ongathinteka kakhulu yilokhu?

I-Cryptosporidiosis ivame ukuba mnene kubantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esinempilo futhi ivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka , ingaholela ezimweni ezinzima, eziqhubekayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ukuphila. Isibonelo, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane- AIDS abakwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-Cryptosporidium parasite uma isingene emizimbeni yabo.

Ngakho-ke, uma ungomunye wamaqembu alandelayo, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka yi-Cryptosporidium:

• I-HIVNoma labo abaphethwe yingculazi .
• Abantu abanomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa).
• Abantu abasanda kufakelwa isitho noma i-stem cell.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi enciphisa amasosha omzimba (imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba).

Futhi, omama abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezincelisayo basengozini enkulu yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yohudo, ngakho-ke kufanele baqaphele kakhulu.

Ivame kangakanani i-cryptosporidiosis?

Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-700,000 bahlushwa yilesi sifo minyaka yonke. I-Cryptosporidiosis kuthiwa iyimbangela yesibili evame kakhulu yohudo ezinganeni ezincane, ngemuva kwe-rotavirus . Lesi simo singabonakala nasezweni lethu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingenazo indle ehlanzekile.

Ingabe lesi isimo esiyingozi?

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukutheleleka kwe-Cryptosporidium ngokuvamile akukubi kakhulu kumuntu onesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esinempilo. Ngokuvamile kuyaphela ngokwako phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esibuthakathaka, kungabangela uhudo olubi noluhlala isikhathi eside. Kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Izimpawu ze-Cryptosporidium parasite ziqala ukuvela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyishumi zingene emzimbeni. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Uhudo olunamanzi (ngezinye izikhathi lunzima kakhulu).
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu.
• Isicanucanu.
• Ukuhlanza.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Umkhuhlane ophansi.

Lezi zimpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nenye noma ezimbili kuphela, kanti abanye bangase babe nazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngezinga elibi kakhulu.

Yini ebangela lokhu? (Mayelana ne-Cryptosporidium parasite)

Lesi sifo sibangelwa yi-parasite ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cryptosporidium . Lesi parasite singena emlonyeni wakho, sihambe siye ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, futhi yilapho sitheleleka khona futhi sibangele izimpawu.

I-Cryptosporidium uhlobo lwe -protozoan parasite , i-parasite eneseli elilodwa ehlala emizimbeni yezilwane nabantu. Incane kakhulu kangangokuthi ingabonakala kuphela nge-microscope. Abantu bavame ukutheleleka yizinhlobo ezimbili , i-Cryptosporidium hominis kanye ne-Cryptosporidium parvum .

Singakuthola kanjani lokhu?

I-Cryptosporidiosis isakazeka ngendlela yendle-yomlomo . Kalula nje, iyenzeka uma sigwinya ngengozi izinhlayiya zendle eziqukethe i-parasite. Ingasakazeka kalula kubantu noma ezilwaneni ezinegciwane. Kunezindlela eziningana ongayithola ngazo:

• Emanzini angcolile: Lena yindlela eyinhloko. Ingadluliselwa ngokuphuza amanzi angelashwanga, noma ngokugwinya amanzi avela emachibini, emachibini okubhukuda, emapaki amanzi, noma kweminye imidlalo yasemanzini. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-chlorine esetshenziswa emachibini okubhukuda ayibulali i-Cryptosporidium parasite. Uma izifo zisakazeka zivela emachibini okubhukuda omphakathi, izifo ezivame ukubikwa zibangelwa yilesi silwanyana.
• Ukudla okungahlanzekile: izithelo nemifino engahlanzwanga kahle, i-apple cider engaphekwanga, ubisi olungaphekwanga ngamafutha, kanye nokudla okwenziwe ngakho.
• Ezintweni nasezindaweni ezingcolile: Uma uthinta izinto noma izindawo ezithintwe ngumuntu one-cryptosporidiosis bese uthinta umlomo wakho noma udla ukudla ngalezo zandla, ungangenwa yileli gciwane ngokunakekela noma ukushintsha amanabukeni omuntu onesifo (kufaka phakathi izingane ezincane).
• Ezilwaneni ezinegciwane: Lokhu kungasakazeka lapho kuthinta izilwane e-zoo yokufuya noma lapho kuthinta izilwane zasepulazini.
• Ukuya ocansini nomuntu one-cryptosporidiosis: Lokhu akusona isifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI). Kodwa-ke, singasakazeka uma uthinta indunu yomunye umuntu noma indawo ezungezile ngomlomo wakho, izandla, noma izitho zangasese.

Cabanga ukuthi uhambe uhambo olujabulisayo nabangani wangena emanzini noma emfuleni, wagwinya amanzi ngokungazi. Noma, ake sithi, wangena emanzini okubhukuda omphakathi wagwinya amanzi. Lezi yizimo lapho i-Cryptosporidium parasite ingase ingene khona emzimbeni.

Ingabe lesi yisifo esithathelwanayo?

Yebo, i-cryptosporidiosis yisifo esithathelwanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingasakazeka isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile. Uma une-cryptosporidiosis, uma ungazigezi izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, lesi silwanyana singangena kunoma yini oyithintayo. Uma uya kobhukuda ngenkathi ugula, amanzi angangcoliswa futhi ungathelela omunye umuntu.

Uma omunye umuntu ethinta indawo oyingcolisile, noma uma amanzi ogeze ngawo engena emlonyeni womuntu, naye angagula.

Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?

I-Cryptosporidiosis itholakala ngokuhlola isampula yendle . Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ibhodlela elihlanzekile futhi akufundise ukuthi ungalilanda kanjani isampula. Ngezinye izinsuku indle yakho ingaba nezinambuzane eziningi, kanti kwezinye izinsuku ingaba nezinambuzane ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungathatha izinsuku eziningana ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi akubuze ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wempilo yakho.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha?

Iningi labantu abanezivikeli mzimba eziqinile bayalulama kwi-cryptosporidiosis ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokuphuza amanzi ngomlomo noma i-IV hydration, kanye nemithi yokwelapha isifo sohudo.

Kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba eziphilile, kukhona nemithi yokulwa nama-protozoal engasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-cryptosporidiosis. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela izimuncagazi ze-protozoan njenge-Cryptosporidium ukuthi zingakhuli emzimbeni.

Uma unesifo esingaphansi esenza amasosha omzimba wakho abe buthaka, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe leso simo, okungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis.

Yini okungafanele uyidle noma uyiphuze uma unalesi sifo?

Uma une-cryptosporidiosis, kufanele ugweme ukudla neziphuzo ezingenza uhudo kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kube kubi kakhulu. Isibonelo, utshwala neziphuzo ezine-caffeine (njengekhofi netiye) akukuhle. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukugwema ukudla okuqukethe i-lactose (njengobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi) kunganciphisa isikhathi sohudo. Kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini okufanele uyidle nokuthi yini okungafanele uyidle.

Yimiphi imithi ye-cryptosporidiosis?

Kuye ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho nokuthi unezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi efana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokulwa nama-protozoal: I-Nitazoxanide (i-Alinia®) inganciphisa isikhathi osigulela ngaso ngenxa ye-cryptosporidiosis. Kodwa-ke, uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, lo muthi ungase ungasebenzi kahle.
• Imithi yokulwa nohudo: Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne -diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil®) noma i-loperamide (Imodium®) ukusiza ekumiseni uhudo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokulahlekelwa amaminerali abalulekile emzimbeni.
• Ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Udokotela wakho angakunika uketshezi olukhethekile ukuze luphinde lukugcwalise futhi luthathe indawo yama-electrolyte alahlekile (amaminerali abalulekile ukuze umzimba usebenze kahle).

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa

I-Loperamide ingabangela izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo uma ithathwa ngemithamo emikhulu. Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sesibindi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-Nitazoxanide, tshela udokotela wakho uma unesifo sesibindi noma sezinso, izinkinga zenyongo noma i-bile duct, noma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka.

Uziphatha kanjani izimpawu ekhaya?

Uma usekhaya une-cryptosporidiosis, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala unamanzi futhi uqaphele izimpawu zezimpawu eziya ziba zimbi kakhulu.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi:Amanzi, umhluzi, iziphuzo zezemidlalo, noma izixazululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngomlomo (isib., iJeevani, iPedialyte®) yizinto ezinhle kakhulu zokugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Imithi yohudo etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela: Imithi efana ne -loperamide (Imodium®) kanye ne-bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol®, Kaopectate®) ingasiza ekumiseni uhudo. Kodwa-ke, buza udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi. Unganiki noma yimuphi umuthi ezinsaneni noma ezinganeni ngaphandle kokuhlola udokotela wezingane zabo kuqala.
• Qaphela izimpawu: Uma ungakwazi ukwehlisa noma yini, noma uma unesifo sohudo esinzima izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyishumi ngosuku, bona udokotela wakho. Ungase udinge uketshezi olungena emzimbeni noma ukudla okunempilo.

Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Uma unikezwe imithi yokulwa ne-protozoal ye-cryptosporidiosis, kungathatha izinsuku ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ukuze ube ngcono. Thatha yonke imithi njengoba utshelwe udokotela wakho, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono.

Ngingakunciphisa kanjani ukwenzeka kwalokhu? (Izindlela zokuvimbela)

I-Cryptosporidiosis isakazeka kalula kakhulu. Izihlanzi-zandla ezisebenzisa utshwala noma i-chlorine emachibini okubhukuda azibulali i-Cryptosporidium parasite. Ngakho-ke, izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela kuyo ukuqaphela ezindaweni lapho i-Cryptosporidium ingaba khona, ukuzijwayeza ukugeza izandla kahle, kanye nokuzijwayeza inhlanzeko enhle lapho ulungiselela ukudla. Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka, kungcono ukugwema amachibi okubhukuda omphakathi kanye nemidlalo yasemanzini.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokunciphisa ukwenzeka nokusabalala kwe-cryptosporidiosis:

• Ungabhukudi uma unesifo sesisu. Ungabhukudi kuze kube okungenani amasonto amabili ngemva kokuba ubuhlungu besisu buphelile.
• Gwema ukungena kwamanzi emlonyeni wakho lapho ugeza emachibini, emifuleni, noma emachibini okubhukuda omphakathi.
• Ungaphuzi amanzi angakalungiswa noma ubisi olungakaphekwanga. Uma uphuza amanzi avela emithonjeni engabazekayo, phuza amanzi abilisiwe uma kungenzeka.
• Geza izithelo nemifino kahle, uyihlube, noma uyipheke ngaphambi kokudla.
• Uma uthinta izilwane zasepulazini noma izilwane e-zoo, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngaphambi kokuthinta ubuso bakho nangaphambi kokudla.
• Fundisa izingane ezincane umkhuba wokugeza izandla zazo kahle kusukela zisencane. Zifundise ukugeza izandla zazo ngemva kokuthinta izilwane nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
• Sebenzisa ikhondomu noma idamu lamazinyo njalo uma uya ocansini. Gwema ukuya ocansini amasonto amabili ngemva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile.

Yini ongayilindela uma uhlaselwa yilesi sifo?

Kwabaningi, i-cryptosporidiosis iyazikhawulela yona .Isifo, okungukuthi, esibonakala siba ngcono ngokwaso. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomjikelezo wokuphila kwalesi silwanyana, izimpawu zakho zingase zinyamalale bese ziphinde zivele.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zingasekho, usengasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye cishe amasonto amabili. Ngakho-ke, qhubeka nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ngisho nangemva kokuba usululame. Ungabhukudi emachibini omphakathi noma uye ocansini amasonto amabili ngemva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile.

I-crypto ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Uma isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela siqinile, i-cryptosporidiosis ivame ukuphola ngokwayo phakathi namasonto amabili. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu izinsuku ezingu-30 noma ngaphezulu, bese izimpawu ziqala ziphele. Uma isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka, izimpawu zingahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.

Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?

Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, usengadlulisela i-cryptosporidiosis komunye umuntu, ngakho buza umqashi wakho noma isikole ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

I-Cryptosporidiosis kungaba nzima ukuyigwema ukuba manzi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukulahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi kakhulu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu.
• Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte , okungabangela izinkinga ngenhliziyo nezinye izitho zomzimba.
• Ukwehla komthamo woketshezi lomzimba (`Hypovolemia`).

Futhi, izifo ze-bile duct, gallbladder, noma i-pancreas zingaba khona njengezinkinga ze-cryptosporidiosis. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezinkinga zokukhula ngemva kokuthola i-cryptosporidiosis.

Ingabe i-cryptosporidiosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Kwabaningi abantu, amasosha omzimba alwa ne-cryptosporidium futhi asuse izimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis. Imithi ingasiza futhi ekwelapheni i-cryptosporidiosis. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, i-cryptosporidiosis ingase ingelapheki ngokuphelele, futhi izimpawu zingase ziqhubeke iminyaka eminingi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis, ikakhulukazi uma uphuma amanzi esiswini izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, bona udokotela wakho. Uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka, bona udokotela ngokushesha .

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma ungakwazi ukugcina ukudla noma isiphuzo, unesifo sohudo esinamanzi izikhathi ezingaphezu kweshumi ngosuku, noma unezimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze. Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu zifaka:

• Ukudideka.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuba buthakathaka.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu uma umi.
• UmchamoUkuchama okuncane kakhulu noma akukho nhlobo ('Akuchami noma akuchami kahle').
• Umchamo onombala omnyama (`Umchamo onombala omnyama (umchamo)`).

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Uma uya kudokotela, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu ekhaya?
• Yimiphi imithi engingayithatha ngezimpawu zami?
• Yini okufanele ngiyidle futhi ngiyiphuze? Yini okungafanele ngiyidle noma ngiyiphuze?
• Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma izimpawu zami ziba zimbi kakhulu noma zishintsha?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngikubone ngazo noma ngiye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo?
• Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukusabalalisa i-cryptosporidiosis kwabanye?

Okokugcina, amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Cryptosporidiosis yisimo esisakazeka kalula futhi kungaba nzima ukusivimbela ngokuphelele. Nakuba sivame ukuxazululeka sodwa, kunengozi yezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.

Qaphela kakhulu ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka yi-Cryptosporidium, ikakhulukazi uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka.

Uma unalesi sifo, yenza konke ongakwenza ukuze ugweme ukuthelela abanye. Ngisho noma unezinkinga ezincane, zingasongela impilo yomunye umuntu. Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka (ikakhulukazi ukugeza izandla), imikhuba yokudla ephephile kanye namanzi yizona zindlela ezinhle zokuzivikela kulokhu. Uma unezimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

I- Cryptosporidiosis, i-Cryptosporidium, isifo sohudo, ukucasuka kwesisu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, izifo ezibangelwa amanzi