Cabanga ngokuzumayo unamaqhubu abomvu emzimbeni wakho aqala ukulunywa, noma ukuthimula kanye nekhala eligobhozayo... Lapho kufika into efana nale engqondweni, iningi lethu licabanga ngephilisi le-antihistamine , akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lawa ma-antihistamine awafani, eza ngezizukulwane ezimbili, futhi izenzo zawo nemiphumela yawo ihlukile? Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula.
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Kungani sidinga ama-antihistamine?
Kalula nje, uma into esingayithandi, okungukuthi, i-allergen, ingena emizimbeni yethu, amanye amangqamuzana ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu akhipha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-histamine.' Lokhu kufana ne-siren yesixwayiso ekhala lapho isitha sisondela ezweni.
Le histamine iyimbangela yokungakhululeki okuningi esikutholayo ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba.
- Ukulunywa kanye nama-hives
- Impumulo egobhozayo kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala
- Amehlo abomvu futhi alumayo
- Ukuthimula okuqhubekayo
- Ngezinye izikhathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Ngakho-ke, uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antihistamine lusebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo saleyo khemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine. Lokho kufana 'nokuthulisa' i-siren. Lokhu kulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Ama-antihistamine esizukulwane esidala nesisha
Ama-antihistamine angahlukaniswa abe yizizukulwane ezimbili eziyinhloko: isizukulwane sokuqala nesizukulwane sesibili. Ake sibheke umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Isici | Isizukulwane sokuqala (izinhlobo ezindala) | Isizukulwane sesibili (izinhlobo ezintsha) |
|---|---|---|
| Ukozela | Ukweqisa kakhulu. Kubangela isiyezi kanye nokozela. | Ukudambisa okuncane kakhulu noma akukho nhlobo (Akudingi ukudambisa). |
| Umphumela ebuchosheni | Idlula kalula isithiyo segazi nobuchopho bese ingena ebuchosheni. | Akukwazi ukudlula umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho. |
| Isikhathi sokusebenza | Ngokuvamile ihlala isikhathi esifushane, cishe amahora angu-4-6. Kufanele uyiphuze kaningana ngosuku. | Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amahora angama-24. Kwanele ukukuthatha kanye ngosuku. |
| Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo | Umlomo owomile, amehlo omile, ukubona okufiphele, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nobunzima bokuchama kuvamile. | Imiphumela emibi imbalwa kakhulu. |
Ama-Antihistamine Esizukulwane Sokuqala
Lezi uhlobo lokuqala lwemithi yokubulala amagciwane esiyazi kahle sonke. I -Chlorpheniramine ethandwa kakhulu ezweni lakithi, okungukuthi, umuthi omazi ngokuthi 'i-Piriton', ungowaleli qembu.
Le mithi ihamba ngegazi futhi ingene kalula ebuchosheni. Yingakho ikwenza uzizwe ulele kakhulu futhi unesiyezi uma uyithatha. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase basebenzise lokhu kukozela ukuze bakunike le mithi yezimo ezifana nokulunywa okukugcina uphapheme ebusuku.
Okubalulekile: Ungashayeli, usebenze ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma usebenzise imishini ngenkathi uthatha lolu hlobo lomuthi.
Imiphumela emibi eyinhloko:
- Ukozela okukhulu kanye nokuvilapha
- Umlomo owomile, ikhala, nomphimbo
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukuqunjelwa
- Ubunzima bokuchama
Ama-Antihistamine Esizukulwane Sesibili
Lawa ama-antihistamine amasha, athuthukile kakhulu aqalwa ngemva kweminyaka yama-1980. Aklanyelwe ukuba anciphise ukudambisa noma angadambisi ukudambisa, okusho ukuthi awabangeli ukozela.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungazithatha noma nini sosuku bese uqhubeka nomsebenzi wakho. Futhi zinemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu. Kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa ngoba zidinga ukuthathwa kanye kuphela ngosuku.
Izibonelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa:
- I-Cetirizine
- I-Loratadine
- I-Fexofenadine
- I-Desloratadine
Nakuba lokhu kunemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu kuneyesizukulwane sokuqala, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane njengekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu.
Ngakho-ke yiluphi uhlobo okufanele ngilukhethe?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impendulo iwukuthi, akufanele uzinqumele ukuthi iyiphi i-antihistamine engcono kakhulu kuwe. Kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko kudokotela womndeni wakho (GP) noma kuchwepheshe.
Isizathu ukuthi umuthi ofanele wena unqunywa ngokucabangela izici eziningana, njengezimpawu zakho, iminyaka yakho, eminye imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo (isib. i-asthma, i-glaucoma, isifo senhliziyo).
| Abantu okufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngama-antihistamine esizukulwane sokuqala (abangela ukozela) | |
|---|---|
| Abantu abane-glaucoma | Amadoda anobunzima bokuchama ngenxa yokukhula kwe-prostate |
| Abantu abane-asthma noma ezinye izifo zamaphaphu | Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme |
| Abantu abanesifo se-thyroid | Abantu asebekhulile nezingane ezincane (ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha) |
Cabanga nangokuphepha futhi.
- Ungathathi izinhlobo ezimbili zama-antihistamine ndawonye ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi.
- Funda ilebula lomuthi owuthathayo ngokucophelela bese uthatha umthamo onqunyiwe kuphela.
- Ungagcini amaphilisi endlini yokugezela. Umswakama nokushisa lapho kungabangela ukuthi umuthi ulahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo. Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, kude nezingane .
- Uma umuntu ephuza i-overdose ngengozi, myise ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Uma kudingekaThola iseluleko ngocingo e-National Poison Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital.
Ama-antihistamine ayimithi ewusizo kakhulu ezimweni zokungezwani komzimba, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa ngendlela efanele nangokuphephile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antihistamine asebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo se-histamine, okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
- Izinhlobo zesizukulwane sokuqala (ezindala) zibangela ukozela okukhulu, kanti izinhlobo zesizukulwane sesibili (ezintsha) zibangela ukozela okuncane kakhulu.
- Xhumana nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze uthole ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-antihistamine olufanele wena.
- Uma unezinye izifo (njenge-glaucoma, isifo senhliziyo, i-asthma) noma uthatha eminye imithi, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho.
- Ungalokothi ushayele noma wenze noma yini edinga ukunakwa lapho uthatha i-antihistamine ebangela ukozela.
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