Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhungathekile, udabukile, futhi ungenalutho? Sonke sinalezo zinsuku ekuphileni kwethu. Kodwa uma le mizwa iqhubeka, uma ikulawula kuze kube yilapho ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi, kuyisimo esingelapheka. Uma wena nodokotela wakho ninquma ukuselapha ndawonye, imithi yokucindezeleka ingaba usizo olukhulu.
Ziyini lezi zidakamizwa zokucindezeleka?
Kalula nje, le yimithi esiza ukulinganisela umsebenzi wamakhemikhali athile (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni bethu futhi ithuthukise imizwa yethu. Kodwa into eyodwa okufanele siyikhumbule ukuthi le mithi ayivezi imiphumela esheshayo. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukubona imiphumela ephelele. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesineke.
Futhi, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kokucindezeleka akuyona imithi nje kuphela, kodwa inhlanganisela yokwelulekwa noma ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila (njengokuzivocavoca njalo). Kufanele uxoxe ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho.
Khumbula, asikho ikhambi elifanela wonke umuntu. Lokho okusebenza kahle komunye umuntu kungase kungasebenzi kahle komunye. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ikhambi elifanele wena. Lokho kuvamile.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi ezivame ukunconywa odokotela.
1. Uhlobo lwemithi ye-SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
Lolu uhlobo lwemithi yokucindezeleka oluvame kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla. Ngokuvamile luwumuthi wokuqala okufanele uqalwe ngawo.
Zisebenza kanjani lezi zinto?
Cabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bethu bunesithunywa samakhemikhali esibizwa ngokuthi 'iSerotonin'. Yilokhu okulawula izinto eziningi njengenjabulo yethu, isimo sengqondo, kanye nokulala. Uma sinokucindezeleka, leli zinga le-serotonin lingancipha. Imithi ye-SSRI isebenza ngokuvimbela ukumuncwa kabusha kwe-serotonin ebuchosheni. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani le-serotonin elitholakala ebuchosheni liyakhula, futhi isimo sethu sengqondo siyathuthuka kancane kancane.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithi, ama-SSRI anemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu, kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ubunzima bokulala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Izinguquko zesisindo (ukwanda noma ukwehla)
- Ukwanda okuncane kokukhathazeka ekuqaleni
- Isiyezi
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Umlomo owomile
- Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kocansi
Iningi lale miphumela emibi izophela njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela imithi. Kodwa uma iqhubeka, qiniseka ukuthi uyatshela udokotela wakho.
Izinto okungafanele zithathwe nalo muthi
Uma uthatha i-SSRI, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo. Ikakhulukazi, eminye imithi ekhulisa amazinga e-serotonin (isib. eminye imithi yokucindezeleka, eminye imithi yobuhlungu) ingabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin syndrome . Ngakho-ke, ungathathi noma yimuphi umuthi wedwa.
2. Uhlobo lwemithi ye-SNRI (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Lezi zifana kakhulu nama-SSRI, kodwa kunomehluko omncane.
Zisebenza kanjani lezi zinto?
Ama-SNRI awakhulisi nje amazinga e-serotonin, kodwa futhi nesinye isithunywa samakhemikhali ebuchosheni esibizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine. I-Norepinephrine ithinta nezinto ezifana nokunaka kwethu kanye nokuphaphama. Kwabanye abantu, uma ama-SSRI ewodwa enganele, udokotela wabo angase awashintshele ku-SNRI.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Ngaphezu kwemiphumela emibi efanayo ne-SSRIs (njengesicanucanu, umlomo owomile, isiyezi), lokhu kungase kwenzeke:
- Ukujuluka kakhulu
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuqunjelwa
- Isifiso sokudla
- Amanye ama-SNRI angakhuphula kancane umfutho wegazi.
3. Imithi yohlobo lwe-TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants)
Lezi yizinhlobo ezindala zemithi ezaqala ukwethulwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka. Azisasetshenziswa njalo ngoba zinemiphumela emibi eminingi kune-SSRIs kanye ne-SNRIs. Kodwa-ke, zingaba usizo kwabanye abantu abangazange baphendule kweminye imithi.
Uma usebenzisa imithi ye-TCA, imiphumela emibi efana nomlomo owomile, ukuqunjelwa, ukubona okufiphele, kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi yegazi (umfutho wegazi ophansi uma umi) kanye nesiyezi kungase kube khona.
4. Uhlobo lwemithi ye-MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
Lolu uhlobo oludala kakhulu lwemithi yokucindezeleka etholakalayo. Nakuba ingasebenza kahle kakhulu, kunemithetho eqinile mayelana nokudla nokuphuza lapho uthatha le mithi. Ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziswa kuphela uma kungekho okunye okusebenza kahle.
Ukudla okungafanele kudliwe ngesikhathi usebenzisa ama-MAOI
Kungcono ukungadli ukudla okuqukethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Tyramine' ngenkathi uthatha imithi ye-MAOI. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngendlela eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, umuntu othatha lo muthi kufanele nakanjani agweme ukudla okulandelayo.
| Uhlobo lokudla | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ushizi ogciniwe, obilisiwe | Ushizi ofana neParmesan |
| Inyama nenhlanzi egciniwe, ebhemayo | Amasoseji, isalami, i-ham, inhlanzi ebhemayo |
| Ukudla okubilisiwe | Ama-pickle, isosi yesoya, i-tofu |
| Ezinye izithelo nemifino | Ubhanana ovuthiwe kakhulu, ama-avokhado, nama-raisin |
| Utshwala | Ikakhulukazi ubhiya newayini elibomvu |
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Uma unikezwe i-MAOI, udokotela wakho uzochaza lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Izimo ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile
Uma usebenzisa imithi yokucindezeleka, ngaphezu kwemiphumela emibi evamile, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ngezimo ezithile ezingavamile kodwa eziyingozi kakhulu ezingase zenzeke.
| Isimo | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Imicabango yokuzibulala Le micabango ingenzeka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25, emasontweni okuqala ngemva kokuqala umuthi. | Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Ungakuhlehlisi lokhu. |
| I-Serotonin Syndrome Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-serotonin emzimbeni. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukudideka, kanye nokuthuthumela. | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha. |
| Isifo Sokuyeka Ukubhema Isimo esivelela uma uyeka ngokuzumayo ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, isiyezi kanye nokungalali. | Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi wedwa. Kufanele wehlise kancane kancane umthamo njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela. |
| Ukweqisa umthamo Ukuphuza imithi eminingi kakhulu ngephutha noma ngamabomu. | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila. Thatha isiguli usiyise esibhedlela i-ETU ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko. |
Uyikhetha kanjani imithi efanele wena?
Lesi yisinqumo okufanele wena nodokotela wakho nisenze ndawonye. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela lezi zinto ezilandelayo lapho ekhetha umuthi ofanele wena:
- Uhlobo lwezimpawu zakho.
- Imiphumela emibi engaba khona.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo (isib. isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela).
- Eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhulelwe noma uncelisa.
- Intengo yemithi.
Ngokwakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokwethembeka nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi obhekene nayo nokuthi ngabe uzizwa ukhululekile yini ngemithi. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho umthamo ungashintshwa khona noma kushintshwe omunye umuthi uma kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukucindezeleka akuyona into okufanele ube namahloni ngayo noma ubuthakathaka. Kuyisimo esingelapheka ngokwelashwa.
- Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola umuthi ofanele wena. Kudinga isineke. Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho.
- Ungalindeli imiphumela ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha umuthi. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuzizwa ululame ngokuphelele.
- Ungalokothi, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, uyeke ukuthatha imithi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Ngokuhlanganisa imithi nokwelulekwa kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo (ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla okuhle), ungalulama ngokushesha nangokuhlala njalo.
- Uma unemicabango yokuzibulala, ungayigcini kuwe. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Awuwedwa.
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