Umdlavuza wamehlo? Yebo, ikhona ngempela into enjalo - ake sixoxe ngomdlavuza wamehlo!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi umdlavuza wamehlo ungavela yini? Kungenzeka awukaze uzwe ngawo. Kodwa, umdlavuza ungavela ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu nasezindaweni eziwazungezile. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabeka, kubalulekile ukukuqaphela. Ngoba, uma kutholakala kusenesikhathi, kulula ukukwelapha. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza wamehlo ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Uyini ngempela umdlavuza wamehlo?

Kalula nje, umdlavuza wamehlo yilapho amangqamuzana emehlweni ethu ehlukana ngokungalawuleki, ngokushesha, bese enza isimila endaweni eyodwa. Manje kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zimila. Ezinye zimane ziyizimila ezingenabungozi , okusho ukuthi azinawo umdlavuza futhi azisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, olunye uhlobo izimila ezinobungozi . Lezo ziyingozi kakhulu ngoba zingakhula futhi zisabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma lo mdlavuza wamehlo utholakala kusenesikhathi futhi welashwa, ukusabalala komdlavuza kungamiswa kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamehlo ezikhona?

Odokotela bahlukanisa umdlavuza wamehlo ngokusekelwe lapho umdlavuza uqala khona—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungaphakathi kweso, ngaphandle kweso, noma ezindaweni ezizungeze iso—kanye nohlobo lwamaseli umdlavuza oqala kuwo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.

1. Ama-Melanoma angaphakathi kwamehlo

Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wamehlo oluvame kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi ``Melanoma'' uma ukhuluma ngomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ukuthi ``Melanoma'' yakhiwe ngamaseli abizwa ngokuthi ``Melanocytes''. Le ``Intraocular Melanoma'' umdlavuza okhula ngaphakathi kweso uvela kulawo maseli ``Melanocytes''. Esikhathini esiningi, lawa akhula engxenyeni ephakathi yeso, okungukuthi, ongqimbeni olubizwa ngokuthi i-uvea . Ngakho-ke, lawa abizwa nangokuthi i-uveal melanomas . Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ngaphansi kwalokhu:

• I-Iris Melanoma: Lokhu kuvela engxenyeni yeso enikeza umbala ku -iris . Kungase kubukeke njengebala elimnyama elisha, elikhula kancane kancane engxenyeni enombala yeso lakho. Lokhu kuvame ukukhula kancane.
• I-Ciliary Body Melanoma: Lokhu kuvela emzimbeni we-ciliary , ingxenye yeso elawula ilensi yeso lethu uma sibheka izinto eziseduze nathi nezinto ezikude. Lokhu kutholakala ngemuva kwe-iris.
• I-Choroidal Melanoma: Lokhu kuvela ku-choroid, ungqimba oluhlinzeka ngegazi ku-retina nangaphambili kweso ngemuva kweso. Kuku -choroid lapho kuvela khona ama-melanoma amaningi emehlweni.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-melanoma ingakhula nasolwembeni oluncane olumboza ingaphambili leso, i-conjunctiva . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctival melanoma.Lezi azivamile kakhulu, futhi njenge-melanoma ye-uveal, zingasakazeka futhi zibe nolaka kakhulu.

2. Umdlavuza Wezinkophe Nowe-Orbital

Lezi zimdlavuza zikhula ezicutshini eziseduze nenhlamvu yeso. Izimdlavuza ze-orbital zikhula engosini yeso, lapho kutholakala khona imisipha nemizwa eshukumisa inhlamvu yeso. Izimdlavuza ze-adnexal zikhula ezicutshini ezisekela iso, njengezinkophe kanye nezindlala zokudabuka. Lezi zihlukaniswa ngokohlobo lweseli lapho umdlavuza ukhula khona. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Ivela kumaseli e-squamous ebusweni besikhumba.
• I-Basal Cell Carcinoma: Ivela kumaseli ayisisekelo phezulu kwesikhumba.
• I-Rhabdomyosarcoma: Yakha ngaphakathi kwezicubu zemisipha.

3. I-Retinoblastoma

Lona umdlavuza oqala ku-retina ngemuva kweso. Uvame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu.

4. I-Intraocular Lymphoma

Lolu uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwe- B-cell lymphoma . Luvela emangqamuzaneni amhlophe egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte . Luvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 kanye nakubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka. Abantu abaningi abanalolu hlobo lomdlavuza wamehlo banesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) . Lona umdlavuza othinta izingxenye ezahlukene zesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, njengobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.

Uvame kangakanani lo mdlavuza wamehlo? Yiluphi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu?

Umdlavuza wamehlo empeleni awuvamile kakhulu . Isibonelo, e-United States, kubikwa amacala angaba ngu-3,400 kuphela ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi umdlavuza usabalale esweni uma uqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ngoba lokhu akuzona izinhlobo zomdlavuza eziqala esweni, odokotela abawubeki esigabeni somdlavuza wamehlo.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamehlo yi -intraocular melanoma , evame ukuvela ku -choroid, isakhiwo esiphakathi kweso.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wamehlo?

Ezimweni eziningi, isimila singase singabangeli zimpawu kuze kube yilapho siqala ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kweso. Kodwa-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi unomdlavuza wamehlo ngoba nje unezimpawu ezibalwe ngezansi. Izifo eziningi zamehlo ezingezona ezomdlavuza nazo zingadala lezi zimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ukuze uthole isiqiniseko.

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamehlo ukulahlekelwa umbono ngaphandle kobuhlungu . Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinkinga zokubona zingaba yizimpawu zomdlavuza wamehlo:

• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono - ingxenye noma okuphelele.
• Ukubona ukukhanya, imigqa egobile noma amabala (ama-floating).

Ezinye izici:

• Iso elivuvukile.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo okuqhubekayo kanye nokulunywa (Ukucasuka kwamehlo okungathuthuki).
• Indawo emnyama embotsheni yakho yeso eba nkulu.
• Isigaxa esikhulayo esweni lakho noma enhlamvini yeso lakho.
• Izinguquko endaweni yeso lakho esokhethini kanye nendlela elihamba ngayo.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ezingaba khona?

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi banomdlavuza wamehlo kuphela uma beya kohlolwa amehlo, lapho udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo ebona into engavamile ngenkathi ehlola amehlo abo. Isibonelo, uma ubona imithambo yegazi ekhulisiwe ngaphakathi kweso, noma uma ubona ibala elimnyama, kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wamehlo noma esinye isifo samehlo. Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile, kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Kungani lo mdlavuza wamehlo uvela?

Njengeminye imidlavuza, umdlavuza wamehlo uvela lapho amangqamuzana ehlukana futhi anda ngokungalawuleki, ekugcineni akhe isimila . Lawa mathumba angaqhekeka futhi asakazeke kuma-lymph node nasegazini. Amangqamuzana omdlavuza angabe esehamba egazini nasesimisweni se-lymphatic aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi akhe amathumba amasha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, odokotela bathi umdlavuza "usakazeke" noma ususakazeke kakhulu . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sifo sesibe sibi kakhulu.

Ososayensi basacwaninga ukuthi amangqamuzana avamile, anempilo aphenduka kanjani amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wamehlo?

Abacwaningi bathole izici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamehlo:

• Ubudala: Iningi lomdlavuza wamehlo litholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ``Retinoblastoma`` oluvela ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 luhlukile.
• Umbala wesikhumba: Uma umhlophe futhi unesikhumba esikhanyayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nomdlavuza wamehlo.
• Umbala wamehlo: Abantu abanamehlo anombala okhanyayo, njengoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani, banamathuba amaningi okuthola ama-cataract kunalabo abanamehlo anombala omnyama, njengonsundu.
• Izimo ezizuzwe njengefa: Abantu abane -dysplastic nevus syndrome , isimo esizuzwe njengefa esibangela ukwakheka kwama-moles amaningi angavamile emzimbeni, basengozini enkulu yokuthola eminye imidlavuza yamehlo.Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome singandisa nengozi yokuthola umdlavuza ohlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ne-melanoma ye-uveal.
• Ukuchayeka elangeni kanye nokushiswa kwesikhumba: Kunobufakazi obuthile bokuthi ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV evela elangeni noma emibhedeni yokushiswa kwesikhumba kungandisa ingozi yokuthola i-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso. Kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile.

Umdlavuza wamehlo utholakala kanjani?

Umdlavuza wamehlo uhlolwa udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela womdlavuza wamehlo . Ngaphambi kokuthola ukuthi umdlavuza yini, kwenziwa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ezinye izifo zamehlo ezivamile.

1. Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo

Kulokhu, udokotela uzohlola iso lakho ngokucophelela futhi ahlole izimpawu zomdlavuza. Bazobheka izinto ezifana namabala amnyama nemithambo yegazi ekhulisiwe. Bazohlola ukuze babone ukuthi inhlamvu yeso ihamba kahle yini. Bazosebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukuze babone ngokucacile izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweso.

• I-Ophthalmoscope: Lesi yithuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla elinokukhanya namalensi amaningana. Lingasetshenziswa ukubuka izakhiwo ngemuva kwebhola leso, njenge-retina.
• Isibani Esiqhekekile: Lena idivayisi ebekwe phezu kwetafula enohlelo lokukhanya kanye nelensi ekhethekile, efana ne-microscope. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ingaphambili nangemuva lebhola leso lakho ngokucacile.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe

Ezimweni eziningi, ulwazi olutholakala ekuhlolweni kwamehlo kanye nalezi zivivinyo zezithombe zanele ukuxilonga umdlavuza wamehlo. Izivivinyo zezithombe ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zangaphakathi kwebhola leso. I-Ultrasound ingabonisa ukuthi isimila sikhulu kangakanani nokuthi sitholakala kuphi. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni i-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso.
• I-Fluorescein Angiography: Kulokhu, udokotela ufaka idayi ekhethekile emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Idayi yenza imithambo yegazi ibonakale ngokucacile ngesikhathi sokuthwebula izithombe. Ngemva kokuba idayi ifinyelele emithanjeni yegazi engaphakathi kweso, kusetshenziswa ikhamera ekhethekile ukubuka ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kweso.

Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekile, kungase kwenziwe ezinye izivivinyo zesithombe. Izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke ngale kwamehlo zifaka:

• I-Ultrasound
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• I-MRI
• Ukuskena kwe-PET

3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy

Ukuhlolwa kwebhayolojiNgesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, udokotela uthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu ezivela esimila bese eyihlola ukuthi ayinawo yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Nakuba iningi lomdlavuza wamehlo lingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo kanye nokuthwebula izithombe, ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kunganikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinguquko zofuzo emaseli omdlavuza, njengokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Lolu lwazi lungasetshenziswa ukuthola izinto ezifana nokuthi umdlavuza unamandla kangakanani nokuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini ukwelashwa okuthile.

• I-Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Inaliti encane kakhulu isetshenziswa ukususa inani elincane loketshezi ngaphakathi kweso ukuhlola amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• I-Incisional Biopsy: Ingxenye yesimila iyasuswa bese ihlolwa.
• I-Excisional Biopsy: Isimila sonke siyasuswa futhi sihlolwe.

Kunqunywa kanjani ukwakheka kwesifo somdlavuza?

Ukuhlola izigaba kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza unzima kangakanani nokuthi ukusiphi isigaba. Lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukwelashwa nokunikeza umbono wesimo. Kunezinhlelo ezimbili zokuhlola izigaba ezivame ukusetshenziswa kumdlavuza wamehlo:

1. Uhlelo lwe-American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system

Odokotela banquma isigaba somdlavuza ngokubheka izici eziningana:

• T (Isimila): Usayizi wesimila nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zeso.
• N (Ama-Node): Ukuthi isimila sisakazekele yini kuma-lymph node endlebeni nasentanyeni.
• M (Metastasis): Ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele yini kwezinye izitho zomzimba (ngokuvamile isibindi).

Uma sibheka zonke lezi zici ndawonye, ​​umdlavuza wamehlo unikezwa isigaba kusukela ku-I (esincane kakhulu) kuya ku-IV (esinzima kakhulu).

2. Uhlelo lokulinganisa lwe-Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) oluhlangene

Enye indlela evame ukusetshenziswa ukuthola isigaba ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesimila. Usayizi uvame ukusetshenziswa ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Ukulinganisa kuthathwa ngamamilimitha (mm).

• Encane: Phakathi kuka-1 mm no-2.5 ​​mm ukuphakama, phakathi kuka-5 mm no-16 mm ububanzi.
• Okuphakathi: Phakathi kuka-2.5 mm no-10 mm ukuphakama, ububanzi obungu-16 mm noma ngaphansi.
• Okukhulu: Kungaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-10 ukuphakama, ngaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-16 ububanzi.

Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezizokwenziwa?

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekile, angase acele ukuthi kuhlolwe isibindi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umdlavuza wamehlo osakazeka ngale kwamehlo cishe uzosakazeka esibindini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza wamehlo?

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila sikhula kancane noma ukuxilongwa kungaqiniseki, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ulinde isikhashana ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma izingozi zokwelashwa zingaphezu kwezingozi zokungakwenzi lokho. Isibonelo, uma kukhona ingozi yokulahlekelwa umbono endaweni ephathwayo.

1. Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe

Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha evame ukusetshenziswa yomdlavuza wamehlo.

• Ukwelashwa nge-Brachy: Noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphakathi. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwi-melanoma yamehlo. Kulokhu, udokotela ubeka idivayisi encane efana nediski eduze kwesimila. Ikhipha imisebe futhi ibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Yangaphandle (i-EBRT): Kulokhu, imisebe ihanjiswa esimila kusetshenziswa umshini ongathinti umzimba wakho. Kunezindlela ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwe-stereotactic . Kulokhu, imithamo ephezulu yemisebe ihanjiswa esimila ngesikhathi sokwelashwa esisodwa. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-proton beam kungenye indlela. Lokhu kuyindlela entsha yokwelapha ngemisebe. Kungaletha imithamo ephezulu yemisebe esimila ngokunemba okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ayitholakali yonke indawo ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zokunakekela imishini.

2. Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha evame ukusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ezimila ezincane lapho umdlavuza ungakasabalali khona ngale kwenhlamvu yeso.

• Ukususwa kwe-Iridectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye ye-iris. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ama-melanoma amancane.
• Ukususwa kwe-Iridocyclectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye ye-iris kanye nomzimba we-ciliary. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-melanoma amancane.
• Ukususwa Kwe-Transscleral: I-Melanoma emzimbeni we-choroid noma we-ciliary iyasuswa.
• Ukususwa kwe-Enucleation: I-eyeball isusiwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa uma kunesimila esikhulu noma lapho ukwelashwa kwehluleka ukusindisa umbono wakho. Ngemva kwalokho, kufakwa i-eyeball yokufakelwa kwelinye iso lakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi ulingane neso lokufakelwa ncamashi, ngokubukeka kanye nokunyakaza okufanayo neso lakho.
• Ukukhishwa Kwe-Orbital: Inhlamvu yeso yonke kanye nezicubu ezizungezile kuyasuswa. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlinzwa uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ezakhiweni ezizungeze inhlamvu yeso. Njengokukhishwa kwe-enucleation, lokhu kulandelwa inhlamvu yeso yokwenziwa.

3. Ukwelashwa Nge-Laser

Ukwelashwa nge-laser kusebenzisa ukushisa ukubulala umdlavuza wamehlo. Indlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswayo yi- Transpupillary Thermotherapy (TTT).Le ndlela isebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukuqondisa isimila nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa yodwa noma ngemva kwe-brachytherapy ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi.

4. Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy

I-immunotherapy isebenza ngokusiza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi aqaphele futhi abhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kwezinye izimo, umuthi we-immunotherapy obizwa ngokuthi i-Tebentafusp usetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-melanoma ye-uveal. I-immunotherapy ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke noma ungasuswa ngokuhlinzwa.

5. Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe

Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe kusebenzisa imithi ukuhlasela ubuthakathaka obuthile emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza nokuwabhubhisa. Uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza ene -BRAF gene mutation , ungase ufanelekele ukwelashwa okuqondiwe. Nakuba lokhu kuguqulwa okwamanje kubonakala kakhulu kwi-skin melanoma, lokhu kwelashwa kungase kube usizo nakubantu abane-eye melanoma.

6. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali akuyona indlela evamile yokwelapha umdlavuza wamehlo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali uma umdlavuza wakho ungaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma uma ususakazekele kwezinye izindawo.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwelashwa?

Imiphumela emibi incike ohlotsheni lokwelashwa olunconywa udokotela wakho. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuhlose amehlo, kungase kube nezinguquko ekuboneni kwakho. Ingozi ebaluleke kakhulu ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Lezi zingozi zincike ezintweni eziningana okufanele uzixoxe nodokotela wakho.

Ingabe umdlavuza wamehlo ungavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele umdlavuza wamehlo. Kodwa-ke, uma wazi ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wamehlo, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kungasiza ekutholeni lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi kwandise amathuba akho okululama. Isibonelo, uma unesifo esifana ne-(BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome)`, kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo akho njalo. Uma othile emndenini wakho ene-`(Retinoblastoma)` futhi unengane, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo alowo mntwana njalo ukuze athole umdlavuza.

Ingabe umdlavuza wamehlo ungelapheka? Lingakanani izinga lokwelashwa?

Umphumela wokwelashwa kwakho, noma ukubikezela, kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Ubukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, nokuthi sisakazeke kangakanani. Isibonelo, i-brachytherapy ingabulala kufika ku-95% wama-melanoma amancane kuya kwaphakathi angaphakathi kweso. Kungase kungayiqedi ngokuphelele umdlavuza wamehlo. Kodwa-ke, ingalawula ukukhula kwayo ngaphakathi kwebhola leso.

Buza udokotela wakho ngamathuba okululama, kuye ngohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wamehlo wakho.

I-intraocular melanoma, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamehlo, inesilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokusinda uma itholakala futhi yelashwa isesengaphakathi kwenhlamvu yeso. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izitho zomzimba, izinga lokusinda alilihle kangako. Ngenhlanhla, iningi lomdlavuza liyatholakala futhi lelashwe ngaphambi kokuba lisakazeke.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Uhlobo luni lomdlavuza wamehlo enginawo?
• Umdlavuza wami ukusiphi isigaba?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ozincomayo?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwelashwa?
• Ngizokwazi yini ukugcina umbono wami ngemuva kokwelashwa?
• Angakanani amathuba okuba umdlavuza wami uphulukiswe ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo obalulekile

Uma utholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wamehlo, ukuthi usho ukuthini kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomdlavuza onawo, ukuthi ukhona kuphi esweni lakho, nokuthi usakazeke yini. Ezinhlotsheni ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza wamehlo, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba umdlavuza wamehlo omningi ungakhombisi izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, ukubona into engavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala somdlavuza wamehlo. Ngakho-ke, landela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uhlolwe kangaki amehlo akho ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izinkinga zokubona noma ezinye izimo ezingathinta amehlo akho. Ungesabi, thola ulwazi, futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Umdlavuza Wamehlo , Umdlavuza Wamehlo, Umdlavuza Wamehlo, Izimpawu Zomdlavuza, Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza, I-Melanoma, I-Retinoblastoma