Injabulo oyizwayo lapho uzwa izindaba zokuthi uzoba umama ayichazeki, akunjalo? Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi nalezi zinyanga ezintathu zokuqala, umzimba wakho kanye nomntwana okhula ngaphakathi kwakho ubhekana nezinguquko eziningi ngesivinini esimangalisayo. Lesi sikhathi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isigaba sokuqala sokukhulelwa, noma i-trimester yokuqala. Lesi sikhathi siqala kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina sokuya esikhathini futhi siqhubeke kuze kube amasonto ayi-13. Ukuqaphela ukuthi yini ongayilindela phakathi nalesi sikhathi kuzokusiza ukulungiselela izinyanga ezimbalwa ezizayo.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kulezi zinyanga ezintathu zokuqala?
Ukukhulelwa kuyinto ehlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Kwabanye, izinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zinempilo futhi zijabulisa kakhulu. Kwabanye, lesi sikhathi sinzima kakhulu. Ake sibheke izinguquko ongase uzizwe phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuthi zisho ukuthini, nokuthi kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela.
| Ushintsho/izimpawu zomzimba | Incazelo kanye nalokho ongakwenza |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bebele | Lesi ngesinye sezimpawu zokuqala abantu abaningi ababhekana nazo. Lobuhlungu buvela lapho izindlala zakho zebele zilungiselela ukukhiqiza ubisi lwengane yakho ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni. Ungase uthole impumuzo ngokugqoka i-bra enkulu kancane futhi ekhululekile. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | I-hormone i-progesterone, ekhishwa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, inciphisa ukunyakaza kokudla. I-iron etholakala kumaphilisi evithamini owathathayo nayo iyimbangela yalokhu. Yidla ukudla okune-fiber eningi (izithelo, imifino), phuza amanzi amaningi, futhi uvivinye umzimba kancane. Ungalokothi uthathe imithi yokuqunjelwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. |
| Ukuchama njalo | Ngisho noma ingane isencane, isibeletho sakho esikhulayo sicindezela esinyeni sakho. Yingakho uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuchama kaningi. Unganciphisi amanzi okuphuza, kodwa nciphisa izinto ezifana nekhofi ngaphambi kokulala. Ungalibambi uma udinga ukuchama. |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala) | Umzimba wakho usebenza kanzima ukuze ukhulise umntwana, ngakho-ke kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Phumula emini. Ukuntuleka kwensimbi (i-anemia) nakho kungabangela ukukhathala, ngakho-ke thatha amaphilisi ensimbi anikezwe udokotela wakho. |
| Ukugula Kwasekuseni | Lesi simo sithinta cishe u-85% wabesifazane abakhulelwe. Izinguquko zama-hormone ziyimbangela. Nakuba kubi kakhulu ekuseni, lokhu kungakhululeki kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ukudla into encane njenge-crackers noma ushizi ngaphambi kokuvuka embhedeni, noma ukuphuza itiye le-ginger ngaphambi kokulala kungasiza. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlanza kakhulu futhi ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini, bona udokotela ngokushesha. |
| Ukunambitha kokudla (ukunambitheka) | Kuvamile ukuthi isifiso sakho sokudla sishintshe phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ungase ufise ukudla okuthile, futhi ungase uthole nephunga lokudla okuthile lingabekezeleleki. Kulungile ukujabulela ukudla okuthandayo ngezikhathi ezithile uma nje udla ukudla okunomsoco. Kodwa-ke, uma uqala ukufisa (i-pica) izinto okungafanele uzidle, njengobumba, ushokoledi, noma insipho yokuwasha izingubo, kungaba yingozi kuwe nakumntanakho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi kanye nokopha kwegazi | Cishe u-25% wabesifazane abakhulelwe babhekana nokubonakala kokukhanya ezigabeni zokuqala. Lokhu kungenzeka uma iqanda elivundisiwe lifakwa esibelethweni. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuphuma kwegazi kukhulu, kuhambisana nokuqaqamba okukhulu noma ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini, kungaba uphawu lokukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukukhulelwa okungaphandle kwesisu. Bheka udokotela ngokushesha. |
Ezinye izinguquko...
- Ukuphuma koketshezi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane:Kujwayelekile ukuba noketshezi oluncane olufana nobisi (i-leukorrhea) phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ungasebenzisa i-panty liner kulokhu. Kodwa ungasebenzisi ama-tampon, ngoba angabangela izifo. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uketshezi lunephunga elibi, lunombala oluhlaza/ophuzi, noma lunamanzi amaningi.
- Isishiso Senhliziyo: Isishiso senhliziyo singabangelwa yi-hormone ye-progesterone ebangela ukuba i-asidi yesisu ikhuphukele emphinjeni. Yidla ukudla okuncane kunokudla okukhulu, yehlisa ukudla okunongwe, okunamafutha, kanye ne-asidi (njengolamula nama-orenji), bese ulala okungenani unemicamelo emibili.
- Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa: Izinguquko zama-hormone kanye nokukhathala kungakwenza uzizwe ujabule ngesinye isikhathi, bese uzizwa udangele noma wesabe ngesinye isikhathi. Lokhu kuvamile. Uma uzizwa udangele, khuluma nomyeni wakho, umngane, noma ilungu lomndeni ngakho.
Ingane yakho ikhula kanjani ngalesi sikhathi?
Phakathi nala maviki angu-13 amangalisayo, ingane yakho ikhula isuka ekubeni yiseli elincane elivundisiwe iye ekubeni yingane eyakhiwe ngokuphelele. Cabanga nje, zonke izitho nezinhlelo ezinkulu zengane yakho ziqala ukwakheka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ngakho lesi yisikhathi esibucayi kakhulu. Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezifana nezidakamizwa, izifo ezithile, kanye nemisebe kungalimaza ingane yakho.
Phakathi nalezi zinyanga ezintathu zokuqala, konke kuqala ukukhula, okuhlanganisa nesimiso sezinzwa somntwana, inhliziyo, izitho, amehlo, izindlebe kanye nekhala. Kuyisimangaliso ngempela!
Nazi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezenzekayo ngalesi sikhathi:
- Iqanda elivundisiwe liba yinqwaba yamaseli ahlukana ngokushesha kanye nezimila esibelethweni. I-placenta, intambo yesisu, kanye nesikhwama se-amniotic kuqala ukwakheka.
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa lomntwana lukhula lusuka epayipini elivulekile le-neural luye ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni .
- Inhliziyo iqala ukwakheka nokushaya. Cishe emavikini ayisithupha, lokhu kushaya kwenhliziyo kungazwakala nge-ultrasound scan. Kushaya ngesivinini esingaba yizikhathi eziyi-120-160 ngomzuzu.
- Izitho ezinkulu ezifana nohlelo lokugaya ukudla, izinso, namaphaphu ziqala ukwakheka.
- Kukhula uhlaka oluthambile.
- Ingane ithatha isimo somntwana ophelele, ngezingalo, imilenze, neminwe. Ubuso bakheka amehlo, izindlebe, ikhala, nomlomo. Ulimi ngisho nezimpande zamazinyo zakheka.
- Ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala, umntwana usuke ecishe abe ngamasentimitha angu-6 kuya kwangu-7.5 ubude.
Izinto okudingeka uzenze kulezi zinyanga ezintathu zokuqala
Nakuba lesi isikhathi esijabulisayo kakhulu, kunezinto ezithile eziwusizo okudingeka uzenze nakanjani.
- Khetha udokotela:Khetha udokotela wezifo zokubelethisa kanye nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane okhululekile ngawe futhi omethembayo.
- Bona udokotela: Bona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe. Ngesikhathi sokubonana kwakho kokuqala, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngomlando wakho wezempilo nendlela yakho yokuphila, enze noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo okudingekayo, bese enquma usuku lwakho lokuzalwa.
- Yiya emitholampilo: Vakashela udokotela wakho okungenani kanye ngenyanga, ngokuvamile. Bazohlola isisindo sakho, bahlole umfutho wegazi lakho, futhi balalele ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle.
- Thatha amavithamini: Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ivithamini equkethe i-folic acid, ebalulekile ekukhuleni kahle kobuchopho bomntwana wakho kanye nomgogodla. Yithathe njengoba nje kuqondiswe.
- Qaphela imithi yakho: Uma uphuza imithi yezinye izifo, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ngayo, kanye nemithi yekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane ovamile, bese usebenzisa kuphela imithi ayincomayo.
- Gwema imikhuba emibi: Yeka ukubhema, utshwala kanye nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokuphelele. Nciphisa iziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Yidla imifino, izithelo, ubisi, ubhontshisi, inyama ehlanzekile nenhlanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco kulungile kuwe nakumntanakho. Phuza amanzi amaningi.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Qhubeka nomkhuba wakho wokuzivocavoca. Kodwa lalela umzimba wakho. Kungase kudingeke ushintshe uhlobo noma inani lokuzivocavoca okwenzayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho futhi.
Izimo lapho kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, kungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathí sina. Ungalindi ukuya emtholampilo olandelayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini esingezansi.
- Ukopha ngokweqile.
- Isiyezi esinzima.
- Ukuhlanza kuze kube sezingeni lokungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu lapho kwenzeka khona izinguquko ezinkulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
- Ukucasuka ekuseni, ukukhathala, kanye nokuchama njalo kuvamile phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Kodwa qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokopha kakhulu.
- Thatha amavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-folic acid, njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
- Gwema ngokuphelele ukubhema, utshwala, kanye nokuphuza noma yimiphi imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhathazeka, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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