Uma ungumama okhulelwe, noma uma usuvele uthole izindaba ezinhle, isifiso esikhulu enhliziyweni yakho ukuba nomntwana onempilo. Ngakho-ke, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, odokotela batusa ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola impilo yomntwana. Phakathi kwazo, sikhuluma ngohlobo lokuhlolwa olungabonakala luyinkimbinkimbi kancane kwabaningi, kodwa lubaluleke kakhulu. Lokho ukuhlolwa kofuzo, noma njengoba sisho ngesiNgisi, ' Ukuhlolwa Kofuzo '.
Ubani okufanele ahlolwe izakhi zofuzo?
Kalula nje, noma yimuphi owesifazane unethuba lokwenza lezi zivivinyo ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, uyise womntwana naye uthunyelwa kulezi zivivinyo.
Ngokuvamile kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase asikisele lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa:
- Umlando Womndeni : Uma othile emndenini wakho noma womlingani wakho enesifo sofuzo (isibonelo, i-thalassemia), ingane nayo ingaba sengozini.
- Ubudala: Ngokuvamile, uma umama eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala, ingozi yokuthola izifo ezithile zofuzo (ikakhulukazi i-Down syndrome) iyanda kancane.
- Izimo zokukhulelwa zangaphambilini: Uma uke waba nomntwana onenkinga yofuzo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini.
- Imiphumela yokuhlolwa okunye: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimo ezisolisayo ngesikhathi sokuskena okunye noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi oke wakwenza.
Ezinye izifo zofuzo zivame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zohlanga. Isibonelo, isifo sikaTay-Sachs sivame kakhulu kubantu bomdabu waseMpumalanga Yurophu. Isifo se-sickle cell sivame kakhulu kubantu bomdabu wase-Afrika. I-cystic fibrosis ivame kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe. Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvuleleka nokwethembeka kudokotela wakho mayelana nomlando womndeni wakho kanye nempilo yakho.
Yini ngempela le mivivinyo eyifunayo?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lezi.
1. Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlola: Lezi yizivivinyo zokuqala ezenziwayo. Lezi zivivinyo azikutsheli ngokuphelele ukuthi ingane yakho inesifo esithile. Kunalokho, zikutshela ukuthi kungenzeka kangakanani (okuphansi noma okuphezulu) ingane yakho ibe nesifo esithile sofuzo (isib. `Down syndrome`, `Trisomy 18`, `Trisomy 13`, ` Neural Tube Defects` ). Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuthatha isampula yegazi kumama.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwenkampani Yokuthwala:Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukuthi wena noma uyise womntwana "ningabathwali" besakhi sofuzo esibangela isifo. Umthwali usho ukuthi umuntu akanazo izimpawu, kodwa uphethe isakhi sofuzo esibangela lesi sifo. Uma bobabili abazali bengabathwali besifo esifanayo, kunethuba lokuthi ingane izoba nalesi sifo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngezifo ezifana ne-'Cystic fibrosis', 'Fragile X syndrome', 'Sickle cell disease' kanye ne-'Tay-Sachs'.
| Uhlobo lokuhlola | Kuyini ukuhlolwa? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlola (isb. Ukuhlolwa komaka okuphindwe kabili, okuphindwe kathathu, okuphindwe kane) | Kubonisa ingozi yengane yokuthola izinkinga ze-chromosome ezifana ne-Down syndrome kanye ne-Trisomy 18. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwenkampani Yenethiwekhi | Ukuhlolwa kokubona ukuthi umama noma ubaba ungumthwali wesifo sofuzo (isb., i-thalassemia, i-cystic fibrosis). |
Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa kanjani? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe?
Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngalokhu nhlobo. Kokubili ukuhlolwa 'kokuhlola' kanye 'nokuthwala' esikhulume ngakho ngenhla, umhlengikazi noma isikhulu selabhoratri yezokwelapha sithatha isampula yegazi kuwe kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi isampula yamathe nayo ingasetshenziswa. Lokhu kufana nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Lokhu kuhlolwa okuyisisekelo akudali monakalo noma ingozi kuwe noma enganeni yakho engakazalwa.
Ngemva kokufika kombiko... izinto okudingeka sizazi
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu nedidayo. Uma umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa uthi "Ingozi Ephakeme", ungesabi.
Ukuthi nje ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kuthi "ingozi ephezulu" akusho ukuthi ingane yakho izoba nalesi sifo nakanjani. Kusho ukuthi kunethuba lokuthi lesi sifo sikhona nokuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Cabanga ngale ndlela, lokhu 'kuhlolwa kokuhlola' kufana nombiko wesimo sezulu othi kukhona amafu amnyama esibhakabhakeni nokuthi kungenzeka lina. Kodwa ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi lizona yini nokuthi lizona kangakanani, udinga ukubheka phambili. Kunjalo-ke ngalokhu.
Uma uthola umphumela othi "Ingozi Ephakeme", udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga . Lokhu kungakutshela ngokunembile ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo sofuzo.
Ukuhlolwa Kokuxilonga
Lokhu akufani nokuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwe ngaphambilini. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. I-Amniocentesis: Inqubo lapho kukhishwa khona inani elincane loketshezi lwe-amniotic esikhwameni se-amniotic esizungeze umntwana esibelethweni bese sihlolwa.
2. Ukusampula Kwe-Chorionic Villus (CVS): Inqubo lapho kuthathwa khona inani elincane kakhulu lezicubu engxenyeni ye-placenta bese lihlolwa.
Ngenxa yokuthi zombili lezi zivivinyo zinengozi encane kakhulu yokuphuphuma kwesisu, odokotela batusa kuphela uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kubonisa ingozi ephezulu.
Kungani ukuhlolwa kukababa nakho kubalulekile?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola ubaba ezivivinyweni zokuthwala umntwana. Ukuze ingane ibe nezifo ezithile zofuzo, bobabili umama nobaba kumele babe ngabathwali baleso sifo. Cabanga nje, uhlolwe njengomthwali wesifo esithile. Kodwa uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi uyise wengane akayena umthwali walesi sifo, ingozi yokuba ingane ibe naleso sifo cishe iqedwe ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kukababa kunganikeza impumuzo enkulu.
Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke lokhu, uqonde imiphumela, bese unquma ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Angakunikeza iseluleko esingcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho, kunokuba ufune ulwazi ku-inthanethi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kofuzo uhlobo olubalulekile lokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuhlola impilo yengane.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwenziwa kuqala, okuhlanganisa ukuthatha isampula yegazi nokunquma ingozi yengane yokuthola isifo esithile. Lokhu kuhlolwa akulimazi ingane noma umama.
- Ungesabi uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kuphumela ku-"High Risk." Akusho ukuthi unesifo, kodwa kusho ukuthi udinga ukuhlolwa kabanzi.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga, njenge-Amniocentesis noma i-CVS, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini isifo noma cha.
- Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa nangemva kokuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyakuqonda kahle.
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