Ake sazi ngengozi yesifo senhliziyo kusenesikhathi? Ake sixoxe nge-Cardiac Risk Calculator!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi, "O, ingabe ngizoba nesifo senhliziyo esikhathini esizayo?"? Sonke sizizwa sinokwesaba ngezinye izikhathi, akunjalo? Ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhula, noma uma othile emndenini wethu enesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, bekuyoba kuhle kangakanani ukube bekukhona indlela yokwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphilile kangakanani nokuthi iyini ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo esikhathini esizayo? Yilokho okwenziwa yilesi Sibali Sobungozi Benhliziyo .

Iyini le Calculator Yezingozi Zenhliziyo?

Kalula nje, iyithuluzi lokuhlola elikhethekile . Njengoba nje sisebenzisa ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane ukuhlola umkhuhlane, kubheka ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo senhliziyo, esikhathini esizayo. Wena nodokotela wakho ningayisebenzisa ukuqonda ingozi yakho futhi nithathe izinyathelo zokuyinciphisa. Mhlawumbe ngokwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yokuphila, noma uma kudingeka, ukusebenzisa imithi, kungakusiza ugweme isifo senhliziyo esisongela ukuphila.

Yini ngempela eyenziwa yilokhu kuhlolwa kwengozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?

Lesi ``Cardiac Risk Calculator`` sisebenzisa ulwazi lwakho lwezempilo ukuze sibale ingozi yesifo senhliziyo yakho yesikhathi esizayo. Singakwazi ukulinganisa amathuba okuba nezimo ezilandelayo:

• I-atherosclerosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amafutha eqoqana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi eya enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni, iwavale. Cabanga ngakho njengodaka olubhajwe epayipini lamanzi.
• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo: Isimo esibangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo (njengemibhobho yamanzi yenhliziyo) ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Ukuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo: Isimo esibi kakhulu esenzeka lapho igazi eliya enhliziyweni liyeka ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu, akunjalo?
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Isimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngendlela efanele. Kufana nokuphampa kwamanzi okungasebenzi.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Isimo esenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kuphazamiseka noma umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uqhuma. Lokhu kungabangela nokukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.

Cabanga ukuthi bekuyoba lula kangakanani ukugwema lezi zinto ukube besingazi kusengaphambili!

Odokotela bayisebenzisa kanjani le ndlela yokuhlola ingozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?

Odokotela basebenzisa imiphumela evela kulesi sihloko esithi "Cardiac Risk Calculator" ngezindlela eziningi. Isibonelo:

• Hlola impilo yenhliziyo yakho yamanje: Njengokuthola isevisi yemoto, lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani.
• Linganisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izinkinga ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu:Zombili lezi zinkinga ziyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Zibizwa nangokuthi "ababulali abathule" ngoba zilimaza umzimba ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu ezinkulu.
• Bakusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga zempilo yenhliziyo: "Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha," basho. Ngakho-ke, uma usuqonda ingozi yakho, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uyinciphise.
• Khetha ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo: Kungase kudingeke uqale ukuthatha imithi noma wenze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila.
• Qaphela ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani: Lokhu kusiza futhi ukubona ukuthi ingozi inciphile yini ngemva kokuqala imithi.

Ubani okungafanele asebenzise lesi sibalo sokubala ingozi yesifo senhliziyo?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu futhi. Lawa "Cardiac Risk Calculators" awusizo kuphela uma ungakaze ube nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngaphambili. Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo esinjalo, ulwazi olunikezwe yilesi sibali ngeke lube lusizo kangako. Ngoba usuvele usesigabeni esinobungozi obukhulu. Odokotela baphatha futhi beluleka abantu abanjalo ngendlela ehlukile.

Yiluphi ulwazi oludingekayo kulokhu kuhlolwa kwengozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi?

Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo, kodwa lezi yizinto ezivame ukucatshangelwa ekuhlolweni kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo:

• Ubudala, ubulili, kanye nohlanga: Lokhu kubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwezingozi ezithile. Isibonelo, ingozi iyanda ngokuguga.
• Umfutho wegazi nokuthi uthatha ukwelashwa komfutho wegazi ophezulu: Sizohlola ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho ungakanani nokuthi uyawuthatha yini umuthi wawo.
• Amazinga e-cholesterol nokuthi uthatha imithi efana nama-statins ukwehlisa i-cholesterol: Inani le-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini nalo lithinta ingozi.
• Isimo Sesifo Sikashukela: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesifo sikashukela noma cha. Isifo sikashukela siyisici esiyinhloko esibangela isifo senhliziyo.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60 (umlando womndeni): Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ithonya lezakhi zofuzo. Uma umama wakho, ubaba, noma izingane zakini bake baba nalo, kufanele uqaphele kakhudlwana.
• Ukuthi kufanele yini uphuze i-aspirin ukuze unciphise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo: Abanye abantu bathatha i-aspirin ephansi ukuze bavimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Kodwa lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngeseluleko sikadokotela.
• Umlando wokubhema (owedlule, owamanje, noma ongakaze ubhekwe): Ukubhema kubi kakhulu enhliziyweni. Ngisho nogwayi owodwa ungadala umonakalo.

Uma usunikeze lolu lwazi ngokunembile, umshini wokubala ungabala ingozi yakho.

Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zezibali Zengozi Yenhliziyo?

Manje kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-calculator angasetshenziswa ukulinganisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, kungaba ku-inthanethi noma njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone. Ngezinye izikhathi ungenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwe ehhovisi likadokotela wakho. I-calculator ngayinye ingacela ulwazi oluhlukile kancane. Kodwa-ke, ayikho indlela yokuthi imiphumela ihluke kakhulu (ngaphandle uma ikhona).

Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokubala zengozi yesifo senhliziyo ezamukelekayo wena nodokotela wakho eningazisebenzisa:

Isibali Sengozi se-`ASCVD`

Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) Risk Calculator, eyasungulwa yi-American College of Cardiology (ACC). Ibizwa nangokuthi i-ASCVD Risk Estimator Plus. Leli thuluzi lilinganisa ingozi yokuthola isifo senhliziyo kumuntu oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-79 eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo .

``(I-atherosclerotic)`` njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili kusho ukuqina noma ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi. Le nkinga iyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Futhi, lesi sibali singalinganisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo empilweni yabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-59.

I-ACC isebenzisana ne-American Heart Association (AHA) ukudala lesi sibali sokukala ingozi yenhliziyo esithembekile. I-AHA Cardiovascular (CV) Risk Calculator eku-inthanethi iyinguqulo eshintshiwe kancane yesibali sokukala se-ASCVD, enemibuzo embalwa. Kodwa imiphumela kufanele ifane kakhulu.

Odokotela basebenzisa lesi "Sibali Sobungozi se-ASCVD" ukuze babone ukuthi ukwelashwa okuthile kuzoyishintsha kanjani ingozi yakho, noma "umthelela wokwelashwa" . Isibonelo, ukuthatha i-statin ukuze wehlise i-cholesterol ephezulu kunganciphisa ingozi yakho kusukela "emaphakathi" kuya "encane" noma "ephansi". Kokubili izibali zengozi yenhliziyo ze-"AHA" kanye ne-"ACC" nazo ziphakamisa izinto ongazenza ukuze wehlise amaphuzu akho obungozi.

Lesi ``I-ASCVD Risk Calculator`` siphinde sibonise ukuthi ungasivimbela kanjani isifo senhliziyo ngokuthatha esinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zinyathelo:

• Ukuqala noma ukwandisa umthamo wemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
• Ukuqala imithi yomfutho wegazi noma ukwengeza imithi emisha.
• Ukuqala noma ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa nge-aspirin.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema. Lena yinto yokuqala okudingeka uyenze!

Isikolo Sengozi sikaReynolds

Leli "Reynolds Risk Score" lilinganisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo kubantu babo bonke ubulili abangenaso isifo sikashukela . Libakhipha ngaphandle abantu abanesifo sikashukela ngoba kakade basengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi.

I-Reynolds Risk Score ibheka ulwazi olufana neminyaka yakho, ubulili, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol. Ibheka nokuthi umama noma ubaba wakho babenesifo senhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engu-60. Lolu lwazi lungabonisa ukuthi usengozini yofuzo yesifo senhliziyo.

Lesi sibali siphinde sicabangele izinga lakho le-high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) . Lena yiprotheni etholakala egazini. Izinga layo lingakunikeza umbono wezinga lokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Udokotela wakho angase acele leli zinga le-"hsCRP" njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale ingozi yakho yesifo semithambo yenhliziyo.

Ibalwa kanjani le ngozi yesifo senhliziyo?

Ama-calculator engozi yesifo senhliziyo akunikeza amaphuzu engozi yesifo senhliziyo njengephesenti. Okungukuthi, u-10%, u-20%. Uma leli phesenti liphansi, kulapho amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo ancipha khona eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo. Uma iphesenti liphakeme, kulapho amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu manje nasesikhathini esizayo. I-``ASCVD Risk Calculator`` ibikezela nengozi yakho yempilo yonke yokuba nesifo senhliziyo.

Ukuze kutholakale amaphuzu akho, lesi sibali siqhathanisa ulwazi lwakho nedatha yesiguli evela ezifundweni zomtholampilo zesifo senhliziyo zangaphambilini.

Ama-calculator amaningi engozi yenhliziyo ahlukanisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo kanje:

• Ingozi ephansi: Ingozi engaphansi kuka-5%.
• Ingozi yomngcele: Ingozi ephakathi kuka-5% no-7.4%.
• Ingozi ephakathi nendawo: Ingozi ephakathi kuka-7.5% no-19.9%.
• Ingozi ephezulu: Ingozi engaphezu kuka-20%.

Okubalulekile: Leli phesenti alisho ukuthi nakanjani uzoba nesifo senhliziyo noma ngeke ube nesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kumane nje kuyisilinganiso. Kodwa kungakunika wena nodokotela wakho umbono omuhle wokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.

Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezithinta ukuhlolwa kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo?

Kuye ngokuthi unengozi yesifo senhliziyo kanye nezimpawu onazo (uma zikhona), udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-`(hsCRP)`.
• Iphaneli yamafutha ilinganisa i-cholesterol iyonke, ama-triglycerides (uhlobo lwamafutha egazini), kanye nama-lipoprotein (kufaka phakathi i-lipoprotein (A)).
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca : Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha i-ECG ngenkathi uhamba ku-treadmill ukuze ubone ukuthi inhliziyo isabela kanjani ekuzivocavoceni.

Lezi zivivinyo zingakunikeza ulwazi olujulile mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Ngingathuthukisa kanjani amaphuzu ami obungozi besifo senhliziyo?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, usawoti, noshukela, kanye nezithelo nemifino eminingi. Nciphisa ama-carbohydrate acwengekile (njengesinkwa nelayisi). Yidla inhlanzi ene-omega-3s (njenge-salmon ne-mackerel) okungenani kabili ngesonto.
• Yenza ukuzivocavoca okuvamile kwe-aerobic (okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto): Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili, ukubhukuda. Uma kunzima ukukwenza konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, ungakuhlukanisa kube imizuzu eyi-10-15 usuku lonke.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala: Kungcono ukunciphisa ngangokunokwenzeka, noma okungcono nakakhulu, ukuyeka ukuphuza ngokuphelele.
• Yehlisa isisindo (uma kudingeka) futhi ulondoloze isisindo esinempilo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isisindo esinempilo sobude bakho. Hlosa i-BMI ephakathi kuka-18.5 no-24.9.
• Thola izindlela ezinempilo zokulawula ukucindezeleka: Khulula ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, ukuzibandakanya nomsebenzi wokuzilibazisa, noma ukukhuluma nabangani.
• Thola usizo lokuyeka ukubhema nokugwema ukubhema okubhenywayo: Lokhu kuyinto okumele uyenze. Kunezinhlelo ezingakusiza uyeke ukubhema.
• Lawula izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu: Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Thatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi. Hamba uyohlolwa njalo.

Cabanga ukuthi lezi zinguquko ezincane zizoba nomthelela ongakanani empilweni yakho. Inhliziyo yakho izokubonga!

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, lesi Sibali Sobungozi Benhliziyo siyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu elisebenzisa ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu ukulinganisa ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo esikhathini esizayo. Wena nodokotela wakho ningasebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho.

Ikakhulukazi, i-"ASCVD Risk Calculator" ayigcini nje ngokulinganisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, kodwa futhi ikhombisa ukuthi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingayinciphisa kanjani leyo ngozi.

Ungathatha lokhu kuhlolwa kwengozi yenhliziyo ku-inthanethi, ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone, noma ehhovisi likadokotela wakho. Into ebalulekile ukuthi uma uthatha lokhu kuhlolwa ekhaya, wabelane ngolwazi nodokotela wakho futhi uxoxe ngalokho okudingeka ukwenze ukuze uvikele impilo yenhliziyo yakho.

Khumbula, inhliziyo yakho iyimpahla yakho eyigugu kakhulu. Kukuwe ukuyinakekela! Inhliziyo enempilo isho impilo enempilo.

Ingozi yesifo senhliziyo , isibali senhliziyo, impilo yenhliziyo, i-cholesterol, umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema