Ingabe izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphezulu? Ake sixoxe nge-Hypercholesterolemia - Nirogi Lanka

Wake wahlola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho waphawula ukuthi i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu kakhulu? Noma mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uthe, “I-cholesterol yakho ‘embi’ iphakeme kancane, futhi udinga ukuyilawula”? Awuwedwa neze—lokhu kuyinto evamile kwabaningi. Namuhla, e -Nirogi Lanka , sizoxoxa nge -Hypercholesterolemia . Kalula nje, lesi simo sisho ukuthi izinga le-cholesterol “embi” emzimbeni wakho—elaziwa ngokuthi i-Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)—likhuphuke ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esinempilo.

Iyini ngempela i-Hypercholesterolemia? Ake siyichaze!

Ukuze kube sobala kakhudlwana, i-Hypercholesterolemia uhlobo lwesifo samafutha lapho inani le-LDL cholesterol egazini lakho liba phezulu ngendlela eyingozi. Cabanga nge-LDL njengamafutha amaningi anqwabelana kancane kancane ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemithambo yakho. Kufana kakhulu nendlela ukugqwala okuqongelela ngayo ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi elidala. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Atherosclerosis .

Cabanga ngamapayipi engadini yakho: uma inhlabathi inqwabelana ngaphakathi kwamapayipi, ivimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi. Lapho imithambo yegazi ivalekile ngama -fat deposits , ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho kuyaphazamiseka kakhulu.

Le Atherosclerosis yisona kanye isizathu esenza ingozi yakho yezimo ezisongela ukuphila njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi ikhuphuke kakhulu. Eqinisweni, izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa emhlabeni jikelele, futhi i-Atherosclerosis iyimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu.

Yimaphi amazinga abhekwa njenge-Hypercholesterolemia?

Ungase uzibuze, “Kunini lapho izinga lami le-cholesterol liba yi-Hypercholesterolemia ngokusemthethweni?” Udokotela wakho akakunqumi lokhu ngokubheka inombolo yakho ye-LDL kuphela, kodwa ngokuyilinganisa nezinye izici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo.

Ngokuvamile, lezi yizikhawu lapho i-cholesterol ye-LDL ibhekwa njengephezulu:

• Uma ungenazo ezinye izinto eziyingozi , izinga le-LDL elingu-190 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu.
• Uma unesici esisodwa esiyingozi, izinga le-LDL elingaphezu kuka-160 mg/dL.
• Uma unezici ezimbili noma ngaphezulu eziyingozi, izinga le-LDL lingaphezu kuka-130 mg/dL.

Kuye ngengozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo, odokotela bangase batuse ukugcina amazinga akho e-cholesterol e-LDL ephansi njengo-116 mg/dL noma ngaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi lezi zinto eziyingozi?

Ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo iphezulu uma unalezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Ubudala: Ingozi iyanda njengoba ukhula.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu : Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Umlando Womndeni : Uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze lalinesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi -Atherosclerosis lisencane.
• Isifo Sikashukela : Ukuphila Nesifo Sikashukela .
• I-HDL Ephansi: Ukuba namazinga aphansi e-High-Density Lipoprotein, noma i-cholesterol “enhle”.

Ingabe i-Hypercholesterolemia ne-Hyperlipidemia ziyafana?

Cha, zihlukile kancane. I-Hypercholesterolemia uhlobo olulodwa oluhlukile ngaphansi kwesigaba esibanzi se -Hyperlipidemia . Nge-Hypercholesterolemia, sigxile kakhulu emazingeni aphezulu e-LDL (i-cholesterol embi). Kodwa-ke, i-Hyperlipidemia ihlanganisa amazinga aphezulu anoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamafutha (ama-lipid) egazini, hhayi i-LDL kuphela.

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL uma:

• Bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40.
• Bavela eNingizimu Asia, ePhilippines, noma eVietnam.
• Bangowesifazane osedlule esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
• Abesifazane (ezimweni ezithile).

Ivame kangakanani i-Hypercholesterolemia?

Empeleni kuyisimo esivame kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, umuntu oyedwa kwabangamashumi amabili angaba naso. E-United States, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu abadala babika amazinga aphezulu e-LDL, futhi sivame ukubonwa naseSri Lanka.

Kuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

Njengoba sishilo, i-Hypercholesterolemia ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo, okuhlanganisa:

• Isifo sohlangothi
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (esiholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi enikeza izingalo nemilenze yakho)

Ziyini izimpawu?

Lena yingxenye eyingozi: Iningi labantu abane-Hypercholesterolemia alibi nazo izimpawu nhlobo. Ungase uzizwe uphilile, kodwa amazinga akho e-cholesterol angaba phezulu kakhulu emzimbeni wakho.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile nezinzima , abanye abantu bangase babe nama-deposit anamafutha aphuzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwamehlo (i-Xanthelasma). Ama-deposit afanayo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-Xanthomas, angavela eduze kwemisipha noma amalunga. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ungase ubone indandatho emhlophe ezungeze i-cornea yeso (i-Corneal arcus). Lezi zimpawu zomzimba azivamile neze.

Yini ebangela i-Hypercholesterolemia?

Izici eziningana zidlala indima:

• Izakhi zofuzo: Abanye abantu bathola lesi simo njengefa, esaziwa ngokuthi i-Familial Hypercholesterolemia .
• Ukudla: Ukudla inani elikhulu lamafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans (isib., ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okulula okucutshunguliwe, inyama ethile, kanye nemikhiqizo yokubhaka).
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukuphila impilo yokuhlala phansi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi: Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:
• Isifo sesibindi esivimbayo
• Isifo Sikashukela
• I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle)
• I-Anorexia nervosa
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli
• Isifo se-Nephrotic
• Imithi ethile: Imithi efana ne-Amiodarone, i-Rosiglitazone, i-Cyclosporine, noma i-Hydrochlorothiazide ngezinye izikhathi ingakhuphula amazinga akho e-cholesterol.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba kwaminyaka yonke, udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Buyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nesizinda sempilo yomndeni.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
• Oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Lipid Panel , okuvame ukudinga ukuzila ukudla amahora amaningana.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Uma udokotela wakho eseqinisekisile ukuthi i-hypercholesterolemia yakho ayibangelwa yizimo eziyisisekelo, angase asikisele ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma utholakale une-Familial Hypercholesterolemia, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi amalungu omndeni wakho nawo ahlolwe izakhi zofuzo.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-hypercholesterolemia ukwehlisa amazinga akho e-LDL cholesterol ukuze kukuvikele engozini yesifo senhliziyo.

Lokhu kungaphathwa ngezindlela eziningana:

• Ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba: Zibekele okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yomsebenzi wansuku zonke, njengokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukubhukuda.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukufinyelela nokugcina isisindo esifanele ubude bakho kubalulekile.
• Ukunciphisa amafutha agcwele: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ekudleni kwakho.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Thola izindlela ezinempilo zokubhekana nokucindezeleka kwansuku zonke.
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol: Thatha njalo imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho.
• Ukugwema imikhiqizo kagwayi:Ukuyeka ukubhema kubalulekile empilweni yakho yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• I-Lipoprotein apheresis: Igcinelwe izimo ezinzima, le nqubo isebenzisa umshini okhethekile ukuhlunga ama-lipoprotein ayingozi egazini lakho ngaphambi kokulibuyisela emzimbeni wakho.

Yini okufanele uyidle nokuthi yini okufanele uyigweme?

Ukuze wehlise ngempumelelo i-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL, ungafaka lezi zinguquko zokudla:

• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Kungcono ukugwema utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gxila emikhiqizweni emisha: Yandisa ukudla kwakho imifino, imifino enamaqabunga, izithelo, kanye nokolweni ophelele.
• Gwema ukudla okunamafutha amaningi: Nciphisa imikhiqizo yobisi efana noshizi nebhotela, inyama ethile (ikakhulukazi inyama ebomvu), kanye namaswidi acutshunguliwe njengamakhekhe namabhisikidi.

Zama ukugcwalisa ipuleti lakho ngemifino nezithelo ezimibalabala. Khetha ukudla okubilisiwe, okuphekiwe ngomusi, noma okuthosiwe esikhundleni sokudla okuthosiwe. Ngisho noma usebenzisa uwoyela kakhukhunathi, ukulinganisela kubalulekile ekudleni okunempilo kwenhliziyo eNirogi Lanka.

Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo?

Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze izinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokwelapha i-hypercholesterolemia:

• Ama-statin: Lena imithi evame kakhulu ukunqunywa.
• Ama-inhibitor e-PCSK9.
• I-Ezetimibe.
• Ama-sequestrant e-bile acid.
• I-Niacin.
• I-asidi ye-bempedoic.

Kulabo abane-Familial Hypercholesterolemia, odokotela bangase banikeze nokwelashwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ekwelashweni?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zezempilo zivame ukwedlula kakhulu lezi zingozi, futhi imiphumela emibi ivame ukulawuleka.

Imiphumela emibi evamile ingafaka:

• Ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma amalunga.
• Ukungakhululeki esiswini.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Bangalungisa umthamo wakho noma bakushintshele komunye umuthi ofanelana nawe kangcono.

Ngingalindela imiphumela ngokushesha kangakanani?

Ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa kwakho, udokotela wakho cishe uzophinda iphaneli ye-lipid ngemuva kwamasonto angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ukuze abone ukuthi amazinga akho e-cholesterol asabela kanjani. Ngokusekelwe kule miphumela, angase alungise imithi yakho, ashintshe imithi yakho kadokotela, noma afake ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe ukuze akusize ufinyelele imigomo yakho.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yami?

Unganciphisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga ezihlobene ne-hypercholesterolemia ngokuphila ngendlela enempilo:

• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Khetha ukudla okunempilo okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
• Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi.

Le mikhuba iyakusiza hhayi nje ekuvikeleni i-cholesterol ephezulu, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona.

Kwenzekani uma ngine-hypercholesterolemia?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL, kuyinqubo yokuphatha impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ungadikibali. Uma usuhlanganise imikhuba enempilo ohlelweni lwakho lwansuku zonke, iba yingxenye yemvelo yempilo yakho kunokuba kube umthombo wokukhathazeka njalo.

Qala ngezinyathelo ezincane neziqhubekayo. Isibonelo, jabulela ukudla okungenanyama kanye ngesonto, noma uhambe kancane ngemva kwesidlo sakusihlwa. Lapho uthenga ukudla, beka phambili izinto ezinamafutha agcwele futhi angenawo ama-trans. Zama imifino emisha noma imifino eluhlaza ongakaze uyizame ngaphambili ukuze ugcine ukudla kwakho kuthakazelisa futhi kunomsoco.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Uma ingelashwa, i-hypercholesterolemia ingaholela ekuncipheni kwemithambo yegazi, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Kodwa-ke, ngokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuthatha imithi edingekayo yokulawula i-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho. Izifundo eziningi zezokwelapha zibonisa ukuthi abantu abaphatha kahle amazinga abo e-cholesterol balondoloza impilo enhle yesikhathi eside.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphathwa kwe-cholesterol kuyisibopho sokuphila konke, kufanele uhlale uhambisana nezinguquko zakho zendlela yokuphila futhi unamathele ngokuqinile emithini oyinikezwe ngudokotela.

Khumbula lokhu:

• Ukuzivocavoca izinsuku eziningi zesonto.
• Gwema ngokuphelele yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Gwema ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele noma angenawo amafutha amaningi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Ungalokothi weqe ama-aphoyintimenti akho okulandelela. Udokotela wakho udinga ukuqapha:

• Uma umuthi wakho wokwehlisa i-cholesterol usebenza kahle.
• Uma ubhekene nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.
• Ukunamathela kwakho ohlelweni lokwelashwa olunconyiwe.

Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angayilungisa ngokuphephile indlela ophathwa ngayo. Ukuhlolwa njalo nakho kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga akho e-cholesterol ahlala ngaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile nelinempilo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho:

• "Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuvivinya umzimba ezingcono kakhulu kimi ukuze nginciphise i-cholesterol yami?"
• "Ungangincoma uhlelo lokungisiza ngiyeke ukubhema?"
• "Ungangithumela kudokotela wezokudla ukuze angisize ngithuthukise uhlelo lwami lokudla okunempilo?"

Ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL akusho ukuthi uwedwa; kuyisimo esivame kakhulu. Udokotela wakho ungumlingani wakho ongcono kakhulu ekufinyeleleni amazinga akho ohlose ukuwafinyelela. Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zinganele, khumbula ukuthi ujoyina izigidi zabanye abaphatha impilo yabo ngempumelelo ngemithi. Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, silapha ukusekela uhambo lwakho lokuthola impilo enhle.

Umlayezo wokuthatha

Ngamafuphi, nanka amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu okufanele uwakhumbule:

• I-Hypercholesterolemia yenzeka lapho amazinga akho e-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini ephakama kakhulu. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
• Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo asibonisi zimpawu nhlobo. Yingakho ukuhlela ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo kubalulekile empilweni yakho.
• Ungasiphatha ngempumelelo lesi simo ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila ngendlela efanele —njengokudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, ukuhlala umatasa, nokugwema ukubhema—kanye nemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho njengoba ekweluleke.
• Sicela ungakhathazeki. Ngokusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho ukuze uphathe impilo yakho, ungaphila impilo egcwele, enempilo nenempilo.

Lawula impilo yenhliziyo yakho namuhla. Hlala kahle neNirogi Lanka!

i-hypercholesterolemia, i-cholesterol, i-LDL, i-HDL, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, ukudla, indlela yokuphila