Wake wawubona umbiko wokuhlolwa kwegazi okhombisa izinga le-cholesterol ephezulu kancane? Noma wake wezwa ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ekhuluma ngalokhu? Eqinisweni, lokhu kuyinto evamile kubantu abaningi ezweni lakithi. Abanye abantu bacabanga ngalokhu njengento engathi sína kakhulu futhi bayesaba, kanti abanye bakubheka kalula, becabanga ukuthi, "Kuyinto eyenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu." Iyini ngempela le cholesterol ephezulu, noma lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-hyperlipidemia? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukungabaza.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-hyperlipidemia?
Kulula kakhulu. I-Hyperlipidemia yilapho unamafutha amaningi, noma amafutha, egazini lakho kunokujwayelekile. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi i-dyslipidemia. Manje ungase ucabange, "O, ngithola amafutha amaningi kakhulu." Ungakhathazeki, ake sichaze lokhu kakhudlwana.
I-cholesterol uhlobo lwamafutha olubalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Isibindi sethu sikhiqiza le cholesterol ngokwemvelo. Uyazi ukuthi kungani? Sidinga le cholesterol ukuze isisize ekugayeni ukudla esikudlayo futhi senze izinto eziningi ezibalulekile, njengama-hormone.
Kodwa inkinga iqala lapha. Ngaphezu kwenani le-cholesterol esiyidingayo ukuthi yenziwe yisibindi, sithola ne-cholesterol eyengeziwe ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezilwane okufana nenyama, ubisi, ibhotela, noshizi. Inkinga iqala lapho umzimba uqoqa i-cholesterol eningi kunalokho okudingayo.
Cabanga nje ukuthi imithambo yethu yegazi ifana nemigwaqo ezweni lakithi. Igazi yizimoto ezihamba kule migwaqo. Lapho i-cholesterol ikhula, njengoba nje ukungcola, udoti, namatshe kuqongelela emigwaqweni futhi kukuvalele, la mafutha afakwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi bese eqala ukuvimba ukugeleza kwegazi. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Atherosclerosis)`.
Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuphazamiseka kanje, izitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo yethu nobuchopho ziyantula umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo. Yilapho ingozi yangempela ikhona khona.
Iyini indaba nge-cholesterol "enhle" kanye ne-cholesterol "embi"?
Cishe uke wezwa "nge-cholesterol enhle" kanye " ne-cholesterol embi ." Cishe uke wabona amanani amathathu noma amane ekuhlolweni kwegazi lakho: `LDL, `HDL, kanye `Triglycerides.' Ake sikuqonde lokhu ngesibonelo esilula kakhulu.
Cabanga nge-cholesterol njengabagibeli abahamba emgwaqweni wegazi. Laba bagibeli abakwazi ukuhamba bodwa, bahamba ngezinhlobo ezikhethekile zezimoto. Lezi zimoto sizibiza ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein.
| Uhlobo lwe-cholesterol | Kalula nje... | Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule |
|---|---|---|
| I-LDL (I-Lipoprotein Ephansi) | Lena yi -cholesterol "embi". Cabanga ngayo njengeloli elikhulu eliphuka phakathi nomgwaqo. Ithwala i-cholesterol isuke esibindini bese iyibeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yakho. Uma lokhu kuphakeme, kulapho amathuba okuthi imithambo yegazi yakho ivaleke khona. | Kungcono ukugcina leli nani liphansi . Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukuligcina lingaphansi kuka-130 mg/dL. |
| I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) | Leli yiqhawe lendaba yethu, i -cholesterol "enhle". Kufana neloli elidonsa izimoto ezibhajwe emgwaqweni. Lokho i-HDL ekwenzayo ukucosha i-cholesterol engafuneki eqoqene emithanjeni yakho bese iyiletha esibindini ukuze iphulwe. | Kungcono ukugcina leli nani liphezulu . Ngokuvamile, kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-40 mg/dL. Noma yini engaphezu kuka-60 inhle kakhulu. |
| Ama-triglycerides | Lolu olunye uhlobo lwamafutha atholakala egazini. Lena yindlela umzimba ogcina ngayo amakhalori engeziwe ekudleni esikudlayo. Ukwanda kwalokhu kungenye yezizathu zokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma udla ushukela omningi, ufulawa, nokudla okunamafutha. | Leli nani kufanele ligcinwe liphansi . Ngokuvamile, kungcono uma lingaphansi kuka-150 mg/dL. |
Manje sekusobala kuwe ukuthi inkinga akuyona nje "i-cholesterol", kodwa kunalokho ukungalingani phakathi kwezinhlobo "ezinhle" nezimbi.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma i-cholesterol ikhuphuka? Ingabe zikhona izimpawu?
Lena yinto eyingozi kakhulu ngalesi simo futhi into okudingeka siyiqaphele. Uma i-cholesterol iphezulu, azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Awuzizwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki. Yingakho abantu abaningi bengazi ngamazinga abo e-cholesterol.
Kodwa umonakalo ovela ngaphakathi uyanda kancane kancane. Amafutha aqoqana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, anciphise indlela yegazi. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, ngolunye usuku, i-plaque ingaqhuma ngokuzumayo, yakhe ihlule legazi elingavimba ngokuphelele imithambo yegazi.
- Uma ukuvaleka kwenzeka emthanjeni ohambisa igazi enhliziyweni, kubangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
- Uma kwenzeka emthanjeni wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni, kubangela isifo sohlangothi .
Yingakho i-cholesterol ibizwa ngokuthi “isitha esithule.” Ngesikhathi kuvela izimpawu, umonakalo uvame ukuba usuvele usuvele. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlola igazi lakho njalo , kunokulinda ukuthi kuvele izimpawu.
Akuvamile ukuthi abantu abane-hypercholesterolemia yomndeni bangaba namaqhubu anamafutha aphuzi esikhumbeni (xanthomas) noma indandatho emhlophe ezungeze i-cornea (corneal arcus), kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
Kungani le cholesterol ikhuphuka? Yiziphi izici eziyingozi?
Akukho neyodwa imbangela ye-cholesterol ephezulu, kodwa ziningi izinto ezingaba nomthelela kukho. Ezinye izinto esingazilawula, ezinye izinto esingenakukwazi ukuzilawula.
Izici zendlela yokuphila esingazishintsha:
- Ukudla okungenampilo: Ukudla uwoyela omningi, ushukela, usawoti, kanye nokudla okucutshungulwe. Ikakhulukazi ukudla okuqukethe amafutha agcwele kanye namafutha e-trans (imikhiqizo yokubhaka, ukudla okusheshayo).
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa cishe usuku lonke, ungawutholi umzimba.
- Ukubhema : Ukubhema kwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol "enhle" (i-HDL) futhi kulimaza imithambo yegazi.
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Lokhu kungakhuphula amazinga e-cholesterol kanye ne-triglyceride.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Isisindo somzimba esiningi kakhulu siyinto eyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside kungathinta amazinga e-cholesterol ngokungaqondile.
Ezinye izizathu zezokwelapha ezingaphezu kwamandla ethu:
- Izakhi zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho ene-cholesterol ephezulu noma isifo senhliziyo, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Ubudala:Kukhona ukuthambekela kwemvelo kokuthi amazinga e-cholesterol akhuphuke njengoba sikhula.
- Ezinye izifo: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-hypothyroidism, isifo sezinso, kanye nesifo sesibindi nazo zingabangela i-cholesterol ephezulu.
- Imithi ethile: Imithi ethile yomfutho wegazi ophakeme (ama-Beta-blockers, ama-Diuretics), kanye nemithi yama-hormone nayo ingabangela ushintsho emazingeni e-cholesterol.
Ungazi kanjani izinga le-cholesterol egazini?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi i-`Lipid Profile` (ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi i-`Fasting Lipid Profile`). Lokhu kuhilela ukuzila ukudla cishe amahora angu-8-12 (ukuphuza amanzi kuphela) bese unikeza isampula yegazi.
Kusukela kulowo mbiko, owakho,
- I-Cholesterol Ephelele
- I-LDL (i-cholesterol embi)
- I-HDL (i-cholesterol enhle)
- Ama-triglycerides
Udokotela uzothola isithombe esicacile senani ngalinye. Ngemuva kwalokho, ecabangela konke okufana neminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kanye nomlando womndeni, uzohlola amaphuzu akho engozi yesifo senhliziyo futhi akunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze silawule i-cholesterol?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-cholesterol yinto esingayilawula kahle kakhulu. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu.
1. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila
Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma amazinga akho e-cholesterol engekho phezulu kakhulu, ungawalawula ngokwenza lezi zinguquko.
- Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo:
- Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi, kanye nokolweni ophelele (irayisi elinsundu, i-oats).
- Nciphisa ukudla kwakho okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, ukudla okusheshayo, amakhekhe, namabhisikidi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Esikhundleni samafutha ezilwane (inyama ebomvu, ibhotela, ushizi), engeza ukudla okuqukethe amafutha amahle njengenhlanzi (njenge-salmon, i-mackerel, ama-sardine), amantongomane (ama-cashew, amantongomane), kanye nama-avokhado ekudleni kwakho.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti noshukela.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo:
- Zivocavoce njengokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto.
- Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo:
- Buza udokotela wakho ngesisindo esifanele sobude bakho. Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu, zama ukunciphisa isisindo kancane kancane.
- Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema:
- Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu ongasenza ngempilo yakho.
- Ukunciphisa utshwala.
2. Imithi
Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingakwazi ukulawula amazinga akho e-cholesterol, noma uma usengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi.
Ama-statin ayiqembu eliyinhloko nelisetshenziswa kakhulu lemithi esetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol yisibindi nangokusheshisa ukususwa kwe-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini.
Uma uqala lo muthi, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane njengobuhlungu bemisipha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uzolungisa umuthi noma ashintshe umthamo ukuze uvumelane nawe. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wedwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hyperlipidemia yisimo "esithule" esingabonakali zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi igazi lakho lihlolwe njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-30-40, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi kuvele izimpawu.
- Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kuyinto engalawulwa kahle. Into eyinhloko ukuzinikela kukho.
- Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo yizinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokulawula i-cholesterol.
- Uma udokotela wakho ekunike imithi, yithathe njengoba uyalelwe, isikhathi esithile esinqunyiwe. Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngenxa yokwesaba imiphumela emibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
- Ukulawula i-cholesterol akuyona into yesikhashana. Kungumkhuba onempilo okudingeka uwugcine impilo yakho yonke.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 🩺 Iyini le ndlela yokuhlola i-Lipid Profile?
Lokhu kwenzelwa ukukala amazinga e-cholesterol egazini lethu. Kunezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko: i-LDL (i-cholesterol embi), i-HDL (i-cholesterol enhle), ama-triglycerides, kanye ne-cholesterol iyonke. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia).
💬 🥣 Ingabe kudingeka ngizile ukudla ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-lipid?
Yebo, ngokuvamile kufanele uzile ukudla cishe amahora ayi-10-12. Kodwa ungaphuza amanzi. Indlela elula ukudla isidlo sakusihlwa bese uthatha isivivinyo ekuseni ngakusasa. Ngaleyo ndlela ungaqapha ngokunembile izinga lamafutha egazini lakho. Kunemininingwane eyengeziwe ngalokhu esihlokweni sethu.
💬 📉 Kwenzekani uma amanani embikweni wami wephrofayili yamafutha enyuka?
Uma amanani asembikweni ephezulu, kusho ukuthi ungase ube ne-hyperlipidemia. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunamafutha amaningi egazini. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, amafutha anganqwabelana emithanjeni futhi aholele ezifweni ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, qhubeka ufunda isihloko sethu ukuze ufunde ngalokhu ngendlela elula!
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