Ingabe umzimba wakho une-calcium ephansi? Ake sixoxe nge-hypocalcemia!

Wake wezwa nge-calcium ephansi emzimbeni? Ungase uthintwe yilesi simo ngaphandle kokwazi. Sonke siyazi ukuthi i-calcium ibaluleke kangakanani emathanjeni ethu. Kodwa i-calcium ibalulekile kwezinye izinto eziningi emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo samazinga aphansi e-calcium egazini, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hypocalcemia . Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame ukwelashwa futhi selapheke.

Iyini i-calcium? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka kithi?

Kalula nje, i-calcium iyiminerali ebaluleke kakhulu futhi evamile emizimbeni yethu. Isiza ngezinto eziningi kunalokho ongakucabanga.

• Kuqinisa amathambo namazinyo: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu esiyaziyo sonke. Iningi le-calcium emzimbeni wethu ligcinwa emathanjeni ethu.
• I-calcium iyadingeka nasegazini: Hhayi emathanjeni kuphela, kodwa nasegazini lethu, kumele kube nenani elithile le-calcium. I-calcium kuleli gazi yile:
• Kusiza ukusebenza kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa .
• Kusiza imisipha yethu ukuthi ifinyele futhi iphumule (okusho ukuthi siyanyakaza).
• Kuyasiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi uma silimala.
• Kusiza izinhliziyo zethu ukuthi zisebenze kahle .

Cabanga nje, uma izinga le-calcium egazini lethu lehla (i-hypocalcemia), imizimba yethu izoba nobunzima bokwenza lezi zinqubo ezibalulekile ngendlela efanele.

Okubalulekile, uma singatholi i-calcium eyanele ekudleni kwethu, imizimba yethu izothatha i-calcium emathanjeni ethu bese iyifaka egazini lethu. Lokhu kungenza amathambo ethu abe buthaka. Kodwa-ke, i-'Hypocalcemia' iwukwehla kwe-calcium egazini, hhayi nje ukwehla kwe-calcium emathanjeni.

Izinga le-calcium egazini nasemathanjeni ethu lilawulwa ama-hormone amabili ayinhloko: i-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) kanye ne-Calcitonin . I-Vitamin D nayo ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amazinga e-calcium. I-Vitamin D ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze umunce i-calcium esiyidlayo.

Ubani ongaba ne-hypocalcemia?

Lesi simo se-calcium ephansi singenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, ngisho nezingane ezincane kakhulu. Ubudala lapho kwenzeka khona buvame ukunqunywa yimbangela. Isibonelo, uma lesi simo senzeka enganeni encane, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi sibangelwa yisifo sofuzo.

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani, njengoba kuvame ukuba nomphumela omubi wesinye isimo. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile ukubona lesi simo ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe indlala yegilo (i-thyroidectomy) . Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-7% no-49% wabantu bangase babe ne-hypocalcemia yesikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwegilo.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu kuntuleka kwe-calcium?

Abanye abantu bane-calcium encane emizimbeni yabo kodwa ababonisi zimpawu. Izimpawu zincike ezingeni lokuntuleka kwe-calcium - okungukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo `sincane` noma `sinzima`.

Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-calcium okuncane:

• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha: Ikakhulukazi emhlane nasemilenzeni. Zicabange ulele ebusuku bese umlenze wakho uzizwa sengathi uyaphela amandla, yilokho okuzwakalayo.
• Isikhumba esomile nesinamaqhubu.
• Izinzipho ezithambile.
• Izinwele ziba zimbi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Uma lesi simo esincane singelashwa kahle, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa (`neurologic`) noma impilo yengqondo (`psychologic`) zingase zivele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukudideka.
• Izinkinga zememori.
• Ukucasuka noma ukungahlaliseki njalo.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukuphupha izinto ezingekho: Lokhu kusho ukubona izinto ezingekho ngempela.

Izimpawu ze-hypocalcemia enzima:

Lesi yisimo esiyingozi esenzeka lapho izinga le-calcium egazini lehla kakhulu.

• Ukuqaqamba kwezindebe, ulimi, iminwe kanye/noma izinyawo.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha yomphimbo (i-laryngospasm). Lokhu kuyingozi kancane.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha nokudikiza (i-Tetany).
• Ukuquleka.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia).
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani i-calcium emzimbeni wethu incipha? Yiziphi izizathu?

Imizimba yethu inenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokugcina amazinga azinzile e-calcium egazini. Ngakho-ke, i-hypocalcemia ingabangelwa yizimo nezifo ezahlukahlukene zempilo.

Esikhathini esiningi, imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu inkinga ngamazinga e-parathyroid hormone (PTH) noma amazinga e-vitamin D. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-PTH isiza ukulawula i-calcium egazini, kanti i-vitamin D isiza umzimba ukuthi umunce i-calcium.

Izizathu ezintathu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

1. I-Hypoparathyroidism: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindlala ze-parathyroid (izindlala ezine ezincane ezitholakala ngemuva kwendlala ye-thyroid) entanyeni yakho zingakhiqizi i-PTH eyanele. Uma amazinga e-PTH ephansi, amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni wakho nawo ehla. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlinzwa kokususa indlala eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ye-parathyroid, noma indlala ye-thyroid.

2.Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D: Uma ungenayo ivithamini D eyanele, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukumunca i-calcium kahle. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphansi e-calcium egazini. Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D kungabangelwa izakhi zofuzo, ukungatholi ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele, noma ukungatholi i-vitamin D eyanele ekudleni kwakho.

3. Ukwehluleka kwezinso / Ukwehluleka kwezinso: Abantu abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona bangase babe ne-hypocalcemia. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwamazinga e-phosphorus egazini kanye nokwehla kohlobo olukhethekile lwe-vitamin D olukhiqizwa yizinso.

Kunezinye izizathu futhi:

• Imithi ethile: Isibonelo, imithi ethile efana ne-'Bisphosphonates', 'Corticosteroids', 'Rifampin', 'Calcitonin' ingabangela ukuntuleka kwe-calcium. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi oyiphuzayo.
• I-Pseudohypoparathyroidism: Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi, nakuba umzimba unezinga elijwayelekile le-hormone i-PTH, umzimba awusabeli kahle kuyo.
• I-Hypomagnesemia: Leli izinga eliphansi le-magnesium egazini. Izindlala ze-parathyroid zidinga i-magnesium ukuze zenze futhi zikhiphe i-hormone i-PTH. Uma i-magnesium iphansi, kukhiqizwa i-PTH encane, okubangela ukuthi amazinga e-calcium ehle.
• I-Pancreatitis: Phakathi kuka-15% no-88% wabantu abane-pancreatitis ebukhali bangase babe ne-hypocalcemia.
• Izifo ezingavamile zofuzo: Lesi simo singabangelwa futhi izinguquko ezithile zofuzo, njenge-`DiGeorge syndrome`.

Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi nginalesi simo?

Uma inani lakho le-calcium egazini lingaphansi kuka-8.8 mg/dL, ungase ube ne-hypocalcemia. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-hypocalcemia encane itholakala ngengozi lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale enye into.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi lesi simo sikhona, kanye nokuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu.

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu ukuze athole imbangela yalesi simo futhi abone ukuthi ngabe sithinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba:

• Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola amazinga akho e-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-PTH hormone kanye/noma i-vitamin D.
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Lokhu kulinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ngokubeka ama-electrode esifubeni sakho. I-Hypocalcemia ingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe zamathambo: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi unezinkinga ze-calcium emathanjeni akho (njenge-osteomalacia noma i-rickets).

Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium kuphathwa kanjani?

Lokhu kuvame ukwelashwa ngezithasiselo ze-calcium eziphuzwa ngomlomo.Futhi, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela i-calcium ephansi bese uyelapha. Cabanga ukuthi i-calcium ephansi ibangelwa umuthi owuthathayo, khona-ke udokotela angase ashintshe umuthi noma andise noma anciphise umthamo.

Yimiphi imithi kanye nokwelashwa okusetshenziselwa lokhu?

• Amaphilisi e-calcium: Lawa anikezwa ukuze kulungiswe izinga le-calcium egazini.
• Isengezo se-Vitamin D: Abantu abanesifo se-calcium esingamahlalakhona bavame ukunikezwa izithasiselo ze-vitamin D kanye namaphilisi e-calcium. Lena yindlela umzimba ongakwazi ngayo ukumunca i-calcium ngendlela efanele.
• I-PTH Yokwenziwa: Uma unezinga eliphansi le-calcium ngenxa ye-hypoparathyroidism, udokotela wakho angakunika i-PTH yokwenziwa.
• I-calcium gluconate efakwa emthanjeni (IV calcium gluconate): Uma amazinga akho e-calcium ephansi kakhulu futhi unezimpawu ezinzima njengokudikiza kwemisipha (tetany), unganikezwa isisombululo se-calcium gluconate esinikezwa ngemithambo esibhedlela.
• Eminye imithi: Kuye ngokuthi imbangela ye-calcium ephansi kangakanani, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe eminye imithi yokwelapha/ukulawula leyo nkinga.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-hypocalcemia?

Abantu abanamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo yilaba:

• Kulabo abaswele i-vitamin D.
• Kulabo abake baba nesifo se-parathyroid gland noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-parathyroid gland .
• Kulabo abaye bahlinzwa ukuze kususwe indlala yegilo (`i-thyroidectomy`) .
• Uma kukhona emndenini onezimo zofuzo (njengokushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile, izifo ze-vitamin D zofuzo, i-DiGeorge syndrome).

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela lokhu?

Ngeshwa, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela i-hypocalcemia. Nakuba kungase kubonakale sengathi ungayivimbela ngokudla ukudla okune-calcium eningi, inani le-calcium oyidlayo alithinti ngqo amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola i-calcium eyanele kubalulekile empilweni yamathambo.

Iyini inhloso yalesi simo? (Isibikezelo)

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-hypocalcemia iyisimo esingelapheka. Uma amazinga akho e-calcium ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, izimpawu zizophela.

Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, i-hypocalcemia enkulu ingaba yingozi empilweni ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nokuquleka kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli. Ngakho-ke, bona udokotela uma unezimpawu. Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, iya esibhedlela esiseduze.

Ukuthi lesi simo sihlala isikhathi esingakanani kuyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela. Kungaba okwesikhashana noma impilo yonke ('engamahlalakhona'). Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi lokhu kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi uzodinga ukuthatha imithi isikhathi esingakanani.

Uma ingelashwa, i-hypocalcemia ingaba yingozi, ngakho-ke qaphela izimpawu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-hypocalcemia , qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Uma une-hypocalcemia engapheli, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga akho e-calcium ajwayelekile nokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela uma nginalesi simo?

Uma usuyazi ukuthi une-hypocalcemia, kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi le mibuzo:

• Kungani ngithole le nkinga ye-hypocalcemia?
• Ngizoba nalesi simo isikhathi esingakanani?
• Kuzodingeka ngithathe imithi isikhathi esingakanani ngalokhu?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izimpawu ziphele ngemva kokuqala umuthi?
• Ingabe izingane zami noma amanye amalungu omndeni asengozini yokuthola lesi simo?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola ukuthi unesifo. Kodwa khumbula, i-hypocalcemia iyelapheka. Ngokwelashwa, amazinga akho e-calcium azobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile futhi izimpawu zakho zizophela. Ungesabi ukubuza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha imibuzo ngesimo sakho kanye nokwelashwa okutholayo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, i-hypocalcemia, noma i-calcium ephansi egazini, yinto okufanele sikhathazeke ngayo, kodwa akuyona into okufanele siyesabe. Ingavame ukwelashwa futhi ithuthukiswe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu. Uma ulandela ukwelashwa okunconywa udokotela wakho, ungalulama ngokushesha. Hlala uphilile!

I- Hypocalcemia, i-calcium, ukuntuleka kwe-calcium, i-calcium egazini, i-parathyroid hormone, i-vitamin D, impilo yamathambo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa