Sisebenza kanzima nsuku zonke, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngenkathi wenza lezi zinto, kunezitho ezimbili ezimangalisayo emzimbeni wakho ezisebenza buthule, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, zingami ngisho nomzuzwana? Lezo yizinso zethu. Kalula nje, lezi 'yisistimu yokuhlunga' enamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Uma lezi ziyeka, wonke umzimba wethu uba yinxushunxushu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalezi zinso eziyigugu namuhla.
Kalula nje, ziyini izinso?
Izinso ziyizitho ezimbili ezimise okwebhontshisi ezilingana nesandla sesandla sethu. Zitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomgogodla wethu, emhlane ongezansi, ngaphansi nje kwesikhala sezimbambo. Ziyingxenye enkulu yesistimu yethu yomchamo.
Cabanga nje, izinso zakho zihlunga amalitha angaba ngu-180-190 oketshezi nsuku zonke . Lokho kwanele ukugcwalisa ibhavu elikhulu! Phakathi nale nqubo yokuhlunga, imfucuza kanye nobuthi kuyahlukaniswa bese kukhishwa emzimbeni njengomchamo (sikubiza ngokuthi ' umchamo '). Sivame ukukhipha amalitha angaba ngu-1.5 - 2 omchamo ngosuku. Kuthiwani ngoketshezi olusele oluhlungiwe? Umzimba wethu uyalusebenzisa futhi. Akumangalisi yini?
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinso nazo zidlala indima enkulu ekugcineni ibhalansi phakathi kwenani loketshezi kanye namaminerali abalulekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-electrolyte (njenge-sodium ne-potassium) emzimbeni wethu.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yezinso?
Izinso aziwona nje umshini wokuhlunga igazi. Kunokuningi kakhulu kulezi zitho ezimbili ezincane kunalokho. Ake sibheke izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
| Umsebenzi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlunga imfucuza | Isusa imfucuza eyingozi kanye nama-asidi egazini, njenge-urea kanye ne-creatinine, bese ikukhipha njengomchamo. Cishe ingxenye yendebe yegazi ihlanzwa ngale ndlela ngomzuzu. |
| Ukulawula umfutho wegazi | Ikhiqiza iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin, esiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi usezingeni elidingekayo. |
| Ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni | Izinso zikhiqiza uhlobo olusebenzayo lwevithamini D (calcitriol), olusiza umzimba ukuthi umunce i-calcium. Ziphinde zikhiqize i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-erythropoietin, evuselela umongo wamathambo ukuthi wakhe amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. |
| Ibhalansi ye-acid-base (ibhalansi ye-pH) emzimbeni | Kuyasiza ukugcina izinga elifanele le-asidi egazini lethu, kuvimbele ukuthi lingakhuli. |
| Ukukhiqizwa kukashukela | Uma izinga likashukela emzimbeni lehla kakhulu, izinso zingakhiqiza ushukela (i-glucose) uma kudingeka. |
Le nqubo 'yokuhlunga' igazi yenzeka kanjani?
Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa emangalisayo. Enso ngayinye, kunezinhlayiya zokuhlunga ezincane ezingaphezu kwesigidi ezibizwa ngama-nephrons . Kufana nesihlungi setiye esihlunga amaqabunga etiye. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-nephron ngayinye:
- I-Glomerulus: Lesi 'yisihlungi' sokuqala. Njengoba igazi lidlula kule nethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, izinto ezifana namanzi, imfucuza, nosawoti ziyahlungwa.
- Ama-renal tubules: Njengoba uketshezi oluhlungiwe yi-glomerulus ludlula kula ma-tubules, umzimba uphinda umunce amanzi, izakhamzimba, kanye namaminerali owadingayo . Imikhiqizo engcolile, amanzi engeziwe, kanye nama-asidi kuphela akhishwa njengomchamo.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezingathinta izinso?
Ngeshwa, kunezimo eziningi zezokwelapha ezingalimaza lezi zitho zethu eziyigugu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezinye zazo.
- Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD): Lesi yisimo lapho izinso zilahlekelwa khona ukusebenza kwazo kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, izimbangela eziyinhloko isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme .
- Ukwehluleka Kwezinso: Ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wezinso ngokuzumayo (okuphuthumayo) noma isikhathi eside (okungapheli). Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu.
- Amatshe Ezinso: Usawoti wamaminerali emchameni uyaqoqana bese wakha izingcezu ezincane ezifana namatshe. Uma lokhu kutholakala emgudwini womchamo, kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
- Ukutheleleka Kwezinso:Lesi simo senzeka lapho amagciwane edlula emgudwini womchamo futhi engena ezinso.
- Isifo Sezinso Esibizwa Nge-Polycystic (PKD): Lesi yisimo esibangelwa ufuzo. Ama-cyst amaningi agcwele uketshezi akhula ezinso. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.
- Umdlavuza Wezinso: Umdlavuza ungenzeka uma amangqamuzana ezinso ekhula ngendlela engajwayelekile.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziphakamisa ukusolakala kwesifo sezinso?
Inkinga enkulu ngezifo eziningi zezinso ukuthi azibonisi izimpawu ezisobala ezigabeni zokuqala . Kubantu abaningi, lezi zimpawu zivela kuphela uma lesi sifo sibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela kancane ngalezi zinto.
- Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, emaqakaleni, nasebusweni: Lapho izinso zingakwazi ukususa kahle uketshezi oluningi kanye ne-sodium, amanzi ayanqwabelana emzimbeni futhi abangele ukuvuvukala. Khuthazeka kakhulu uma ubona ukuvuvukala eduze kwamehlo akho lapho uvuka ekuseni.
- Izinguquko emchameni:
- Ukwanda kokuchama (ikakhulukazi ebusuku).
- Igazi emchameni (umchamo ungase ubonakale upinki noma umnyama).
- Umchamo onegwebu (lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi kukhishwa amaprotheni amaningi kakhulu emchameni).
- Isikhumba esilumayo nesomile: Lokhu kungenzeka uma imfucuza iqoqana egazini futhi ithinta isikhumba.
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nobuthakathaka: Lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone eyakha amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (i-erythropoietin) kuncipha, i-anemia ingakhula futhi ibangele ukukhathala.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Lezi zimpawu zenzeka lapho imfucuza efana ne-urea ikhuphuka egazini.
- Ubuhlungu nokuqina kwemisipha: Lokhu kungenzeka uma ibhalansi ye-electrolyte iphazamiseka.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze akunike iseluleko . Ungaqageli nje.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola ukuthi izinso zami ziphilile yini?
Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezilula udokotela wakho angazihlola ukuze ahlole impilo yezinso zakho.
| Ukuhlolwa | Ubonani kulokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa komchamo | Umchamo uyahlolwa ukuthi awunazo yini izinto ezifana namaprotheni, igazi, noshukela. Lokhu ngokuvamile akuvamile ukuba khona emchameni. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Ngokukhethekile, izinga le -serum creatinine egazini liyalinganiswa. I-Creatinine ingumkhiqizo ongcolile. Uma iphezulu egazini, kusho ukuthi izinso aziyihlungi kahle. |
| Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound | Lokhu kusiza ukubona ubukhulu, ukuma, kanye nokuba khona kwamatshe noma izimila ezinso. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso | Kuphela uma kudingeka, udokotela uzothatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso bese eyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. |
Izinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine izinso zethu eziyigugu ziphilile
Kungcono ukuvimbela isifo sezinso kunokuhlushwa yiso uma sesikhulile. Faka le mikhuba elula empilweni yakho.
- Phuza amanzi anele: Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-8-10 ngosuku. Lokhu kusiza izinso ukuthi zihlunge ukungcola kalula.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nesifo sikashukela: Uma unalezi zimo, thatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo. Lezi ezimbili ziyizitha ezinkulu zezinso.
- Nciphisa usawoti owudlayo: Nciphisa inani likasawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla okupakishwe emaphaketheni kanye nokudla okusheshayo kunosawoti omningi.
- Ungasebenzisi izibulala-zinhlungu njalo: Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezibulala-zinhlungu, ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID (isib., i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac), ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela, kungalimaza izinso.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema konakalisa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Vivinya umzimba njalo. Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo.
- Thola izivivinyo zezokwelapha:Ikakhulukazi uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sezinso, noma uma unesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, hlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinso zakho ziyizitho ezimbili ezinkulu ezihlunga ukungcola emzimbeni, zilawule umfutho wegazi, futhi zenze eminye imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile.
- Isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yizimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulimala kwezinso. Kubalulekile ukulawula lokhu kahle.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, izinguquko zomchamo, kanye nokukhathala ngokweqile. Uma ungabaza, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ukuphuza amanzi anele, ukunciphisa usawoti, nokungaqhubeki nokuphuza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezinso.
- Kungumkhuba omuhle ukuhlola impilo yezinso zakho njalo, ikakhulukazi uma unezici eziyingozi.
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