Ake sixoxe kafushane ngeSistimu Yezitho Zomzimba, ingxenye emangalisayo yobuchopho elawula imizwa yakho kanye nenkumbulo yakho.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi uzizwa kanjani ngemizwa efana nokudabuka, injabulo, nentukuthelo? Noma kungani ukhumbula ezinye izinto kahle ngenkathi ukhohlwa ezinye? Ngezinye izikhathi izinto zivele zifike engqondweni ngaphandle kwesizathu, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesistimu ekhethekile kakhulu, encane, kodwa enamandla kakhulu ebuchosheni bethu exhunywe cishe kuzo zonke lezi zinto. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-limbic.

Iyini i-Limbic System? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, uhlelo lwe-limbic luyiqoqo lezingxenye zobuchopho bethu ezixhumene ezisebenza ndawonye njengeqembu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko waleli qembu ukulawula imizwa yethu nokuziphatha kwethu . Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi kulawula inkumbulo yethu, indlela yethu yokucabanga, isisusa sethu, kanye nendlela imizimba yethu esabela ngayo kukho. Akumangalisi yini?

Cabanga ngakho, lolu hlelo lwe-limbic lungenye yezingxenye ezindala kakhulu zobuchopho bethu. Yilapho kuvela khona imizwa yemvelo eyayisaphila okhokho bethu. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Umuzwa wokufisa ukudla uma ulambile nokuphuza amanzi uma womile.
• Ukudala isidingo sokukhiqiza uhlobo lomuntu siqu.
• Isifiso sokunakekela nokuvikela izingane ezincane nezinsana.
• Uma sibona okuthile endaweni esikuyo, isibonelo, ingozi, sishukumiseleka ngokushesha ukuba silwe noma sibaleke (silwe noma siphendule ngokubaleka).

Uhlelo lwe-limbic lunemithwalo yemfanelo eminingi. Isibonelo, lusisiza ukuphatha izinkumbulo zethu, sifunde kuzo, futhi lusigcine sikhuthazekile.

Kungani uhlelo lwe-limbic lubizwa nangokuthi "uhlelo lwezinzwa olungokomzwelo"?

Ngenxa yalokhu kuxhumana okujulile phakathi kwenhlalakahle yethu engokomzimba nengokwengqondo, uhlelo lwe-limbic ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi " uhlelo lwezinzwa olungokomzwelo."

Cabanga ngale ndlela. Uma ulambile, ufuna ukudla, akunjalo? Uma udla ukudla okuthandayo, uzizwa ujabule kakhulu futhi wanelisekile, akunjalo? Uhlelo lwe-limbic yilona olukusiza uzizwe leyo njabulo. Enye into, uma ngokuzumayo uthola ukucindezeleka okukhulu, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuhlolwa noma inkinga emsebenzini, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuyanda, umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka , akunjalo? Ngaleso sikhathi, uhlelo lwe-limbic, olulawula imizwa yethu, nalo luyasebenza. Okusho ukuthi, okusengqondweni yethu kuthinta umzimba, futhi okusemzimbeni kuthinta ingqondo. Uhlelo lwe-limbic lusebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwalaba ababili.

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwesistimu ye-limbic kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo okuphezulu?

Uyazi ukuthi yini "umsebenzi wengqondo ophakeme"? Kusho ukuthi sidinga izingxenye eziningana zobuchopho ukuze zisebenzisane ukuze senze umsebenzi onzima. Isibonelo, lapho sikhuluma, lapho sikhumbula okuthile, lapho silawula imizwa yethu, lapho sihlela ikusasa, lapho senza izinqumo, lo msebenzi wengqondo ophakeme uyadingeka. Ngakho-ke, kungenxa yokuthi izingxenye zesimiso se-limbic zisebenza ndawonye nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho ukuthi sikwazi ukwenza lezi zinto nsuku zonke.

Ngakho-ke yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yesistimu ye-limbic?

Ake sibheke ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezenziwa uhlelo lwe-limbic:

• Ukuhlonza, ukucubungula, nokuphatha imizwa yethu (isib. injabulo, ukudabuka, ukwesaba, intukuthelo)
• Ukulawula ukuziphatha kwethu.
• Ukudala izisusa ngaphakathi kithi zokwenza okuthile.
• Ukukhumbula izinto ezintsha (inkumbulo) nokugcina izinkumbulo ezindala.
• Kusiza uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele, olulawula imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokushisa komzimba .

Yini ngempela elawulwa yisimiso se-limbic?

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi uhlelo lwe-limbic ludlala indima enkulu ekulawuleni imizwa nokuziphatha kwethu, akunjalo? Lukwenza lokhu ngokusekelwe olwazini oluvela endaweni ezungezile. Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo lwe-limbic luthatha ulwazi, luluhlaziye, lufunde kulo, bese luphendula. Lokhu kusisiza ukulawula okulandelayo:

• Indlela esisabela ngayo ngokomzwelo ezimweni ezithile noma ezintweni ezibonwa yizinzwa zethu. (Isibonelo, ukwesaba lapho sizwa umsindo omkhulu ngokuzumayo)
• Ukuzizwa ulambile futhi womile .
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu kanye nezimpendulo zenjabulo .
• Ukuvuka kocansi .

Isistimu ye-limbic itholakala kuphi ebuchosheni bethu?

Uhlelo lwe-limbic lutholakala ekujuleni kobuchopho bethu. Lubunjwe njengesibhakela phakathi kobuchopho bethu. Lutholakala emngceleni ophakathi kwe-brainstem yethu kanye ne-cerebral cortex (ungqimba olungaphandle lobuchopho). Igama elithi "limbic" livela egameni lesiLatini elisho "umngcele."

Yiziphi izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko zesistimu ye-limbic futhi yimiphi imisebenzi yazo?

Kunezakhiwo ezine eziyinhloko, noma izingxenye, zesistimu ye-limbic, ngayinye inemisebenzi ethile:

1. I-Hypothalamus: Lena yingxenye encane kakhulu kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Ingumkhiqizi wama-hormone emzimbeni wethu.Kusiza ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone, kulawula ubuthongo bethu, futhi kulawula izinto eziningi ezifana nesimo sethu sengqondo , indlala, ukoma, isifiso sobulili, umfutho wegazi, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

2. Amygdala: Lokhu kufana nesikhungo sethu semizwa. Yilapho sizwa khona futhi sizwa khona imizwa efana nokukhathazeka, intukuthelo, nokwesaba. Kuphinde kusize ngenkumbulo kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana nabantu (ulwazi mayelana nabanye abantu). Mhlawumbe yingakho sithola umuzwa ongavamile lapho othile esibheka.

3. I-Thalamus: I-thalamus ifana nesiteshi sokudlulisela ulwazi olungena ebuchosheni bethu. Ulwazi oluvela ezinzwa zethu (ukuzwa, ukunambitha, ukubona, ukuthinta - ngaphandle kwephunga) luqala lapha. I-thalamus bese ithumela lolo lwazi ezingxenyeni ezifanele zobuchopho. Iphinde ihileleke ekukhumbuleni, ekuhleleni, nasemizweni.

4. I-Hippocampus: Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-hippocampus ukwakha izinkumbulo ezintsha. Yile ngxenye esisiza sikhumbule lapho sifunda okuthile okusha noma siya endaweni entsha. Uma i-hippocampus ingasebenzi kahle, kuba nzima kakhulu ukukhumbula izinto ezintsha.

Isimiso se-limbic sihlobene kanjani nomuzwa wethu wokuhogela?

Inzwa yethu yokuhogela itholwa yi-bulb ye-olfactory, etholakala phezulu kwekhala lethu. Lokhu akuyona ingxenye yesistimu ye-limbic uqobo. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezimpawu ezivela kwezinye izinzwa, izimpawu ezihlobene nephunga zixhumene ngqo nezingxenye ezithile zesistimu ye-limbic. Yingakho lapho sizwa iphunga elithile, sikhumbula ngokuzumayo izinkumbulo ezindala, noma sizwa imizwa ethile (njengenjabulo noma usizi). Cabanga nje, lapho sizwa iphunga elisetshenziswa umngane wakudala, sicabanga ngalowo mngane ngokushesha, akunjalo? Lokho kungenxa yalokhu kuxhumana.

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta uhlelo lwe-limbic?

Izimo eziningi ezithinta impilo yethu yengqondo kanye nenkumbulo zihlobene nesistimu ye-limbic. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer: Lokhu kubangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yomonakalo ku-hippocampus.
• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka: Lezi zimo, ezibangela ukwesaba okukhulu nokungahlaliseki, zihlotshaniswa nomsebenzi we-amygdala.
• Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka, okubonakala ngokudabuka isikhathi eside nokulahlekelwa isithakazelo kunoma yini, kuthinteka nokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu ye-limbic.
• Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (PTSD): Lesi simo, esenzeka ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu, sihlotshaniswa nesistimu ye-limbic.
I-Schizophrenia : Lesi sifo sengqondo esiyinkimbinkimbi esibangela ubunzima bokubona iqiniso siphinde sithinteke yizinguquko ohlelweni lwe-limbic.
• Ukucindezeleka:Ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside kungathinta kabi ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-limbic.
• Izinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa (i-SUD): Izidakamizwa zingaba umlutha ngoba zivuselela izindlela "zenjabulo" zesistimu ye-limbic.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yesistimu ye-limbic ithintekile, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo: Intukuthelo evame ukuthukuthela, ukucasuka, imizwa evame ukwesaba nokudabuka.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto ezintsha nokukhohlwa izinto ezindala.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala: Kulungile ukulala kakhulu, kulungile ukungalali nhlobo.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: Ukubonisa amaphethini okuziphatha angajwayelekile ayengekho ngaphambili.

Ungayihlola kanjani impilo yesistimu ye-limbic?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho futhi uzokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa okunjengalokhu kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological: Lokhu kuhlola ukusebenza kwesimiso sakho sezinzwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological: Lokhu kuhlola imisebenzi yakho yengqondo efana nenkumbulo, ukunaka, kanye nekhono lolimi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo: Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sakho sengqondo.
• I-MRI scan (i-magnetic resonance imaging): Lokhu kuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zobuchopho ukuze kubhekwe noma yiziphi izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izinkinga zesistimu ye-limbic?

Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isifo sitholakala kanjani, kodwa ngokuvamile zingase zihlanganise:

• Ukuthatha imithi: Imithi esiza ukulawula izimpawu.
• Yiya ekwelulekweni noma ekwelashweni: Khuluma nodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma umeluleki ukuze uxazulule izinkinga.
• Amasu okuphumula: Izinto ezifana nokwenza i-yoga kanye nokuzivocavoca okujulile kokuphefumula.
• Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kukhona nokwelashwa okukhethekile njengokuvuselela ubuchopho okujulile (i-DBS) .

Ngingawugcina kanjani umzimba wami uphilile?

Njengoba sesikhulume ngakho ngaphambili, uhlelo lwe-limbic lufana nebhuloho phakathi kwempilo yethu engokomzimba nengokwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze luhlale luphilile, nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo .
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Chitha isikhathi nabantu obathandayo .
• Yenza imisebenzi oyithandayo .
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto eziyingozi .
• Phumula uma uzizwa ucindezelekile noma ukhungathekile.
• Uma kukhona esinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo, sithole ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele .
• Uma kudingeka, ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo .

Khumbula, inhlalakahle yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengenhlalakahle yakho engokomzimba!

Yiziphi izimpikiswano mayelana nesistimu ye-limbic?

Kukhona ukungavumelani phakathi kososayensi mayelana nesistimu ye-limbic. Abanye abacwaningi bathi ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko esixoxe ngazo, ezinye izingxenye zingaphansi kwesistimu ye-limbic. Isibonelo:

• I-Basal ganglia: Lezi zifana "nesikhungo sethu sokucubungula imivuzo." Zihilelekile emizweni, ekunyakazeni nasekufundeni.
• I-Cingulate gyrus: Ibalulekile ekuziphatheni ngokomzwelo nangokwenhlalo.
• I-Insula cortex: Ibalulekile emizweni yangaphakathi yomzimba wethu (isib., ukushaya kwenhliziyo uma sesaba).
• I-cortex ejikelezayo: Isikhungo somvuzo sihlotshaniswa nezenzo futhi sinquma ukuthi lezo zenzo zifanelekile noma cha.
• I-Entorhinal cortex: Isiza ekwakhekeni kwezinkumbulo.

Akukho ukuvumelana ngokuthi lezi zingxenye ziyafanelana yini nencazelo yamanje "yesistimu ye-limbic".

Kukhona futhi impikiswano mayelana nokuthi igama elithi "limbic system" lichaza ngokunembile yini umsebenzi wonke waleli qembu lezingxenye. Abanye odokotela nososayensi manje bakhetha ukusebenzisa leli gama kaningi, bakhetha ukusebenzisa amagama engxenye ngayinye yobuchopho ngokwehlukana.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu

Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lwe-limbic luhlelo olumangalisayo oludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, oluxhumanisa imizwa yethu, inkumbulo, kanye nokuziphatha. Abacwaningi basathola izinto ezintsha mayelana nalolu hlelo lwe-limbic nokuthi lusebenza kanjani ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nale ngxenye yobuchopho noma ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani iphilile, khuluma nodokotela ukuze ufunde kabanzi. Ngoba ubuchopho bethu buyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi emangalisayo!

` Uhlelo lwezitho zomzimba, umsebenzi wobuchopho, imizwa, inkumbulo, impilo yengqondo, uhlelo lwezinzwa, imizwa