Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu esifubeni futhi uphefumula kanzima? Uma lezi zinkinga ziza nezinto ezifana nokukhwehlela nomkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma ungumuntu onesifo esibizwa ngokuthi iSickle Cell Disease (SCD) , ungakuthathi kalula lokhu. Ngoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibe uphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.

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Iyini i-Acute Chest Syndrome? Kalula nje...

Kulungile, manje bheka. Le 'Acute Chest Syndrome' iyinkinga engaba yingozi yesifo se-sickle cell ('SCD') . Kalula nje, yilapho uba nobuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini lakho, kanye nezinto ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi uketshezi, eziqala ukwakheka ezicutshini zamaphaphu ('amaphaphu ayangena').

Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu . Eqinisweni, lesi Acute Chest Syndrome' siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulaliswa esibhedlela futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukufa kwabantu abanesifo se-sickle cell . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini iSickle Cell Disease (SCD). Ake sikukhumbuze kancane ngayo. Yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo . Lokho kusho ukuthi sizuzwe njengefa. Sithinta iphrotheni emaseli ethu abomvu egazi ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Ngenkathi amaseli abomvu egazi omuntu ophilile eyindilinga, amaseli abomvu egazi omuntu one-SCD abunjwe njengesikela (njengenyanga). Ngakho la maseli amise okwesikela awakwazi ukudlula emithanjeni yethu yegazi emincane kalula. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-hemoglobin ayikwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke ngendlela efanele. Lena yinkinga enkulu nge-SCD.

Ivame kangakanani i-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Eqinisweni, i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' iyisimo esivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo se-sickle cell ('SCD'). Ngokwezibalo, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-'SCD' bazobhekana nalesi simo okungenani kanye empilweni yabo . Nakuba kubonakala sengathi sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-2 no-4 , singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abadala kunasezinganeni . Kutholakale nokuthi abantu abane-'SCD' kanye ne-asthma basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' kunabanye.

Kungani kwenzeka i-Acute Chest Syndrome? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ososayensi abakakwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa yisici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

I-Bone marrow necrosis:Ubuwazi ukuthi umongo wamathambo uyingxenye ethambile, ethambile emathanjeni ethu amakhulu? Uma lo mongo wamathambo ufa ngandlela thile (okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-necrosis'), izingcezu zawo ezincane zingaphuka zingene egazini futhi zihambe emzimbeni wonke. Uma lezi zingcezu ziya emaphashini, zingadala 'i-Acute Chest Syndrome'.
Ukuminyana kwamafutha: Esinye isizathu esingaba khona sokwehluleka komongo wethambo okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla ukuminyana kwamafutha . Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhlayiya yamafutha (cabanga ngayo njengethonsi lamafutha) inamathela emthanjeni wegazi futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi . Lokhu kungaholela nase-Acute Chest Syndrome.
Ukutheleleka : Ukutheleleka okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi i-pneumonia ebangelwa amagciwane noma ama-virus , kungabangela i-acute chest syndrome. Ukutheleleka kuyimbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo ezinganeni ezincane . Kodwa-ke, kubantu abadala , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangelwe yi-fat embolism.

Yiziphi izimpawu zomuntu one-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Izimpawu ze-'Acute Chest Syndrome' zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kunomehluko othile, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane ezincane nabantu abadala. Izingane ezincane zivame ukukhombisa izimpawu eziningi zokutheleleka:

Ukukhwehlela
Imfiva
Ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwe-oxygen egazini (i-hypoxemia)
Isivinini sokuphefumula esingavamile (i-tachypnea)
Ukuphefumula (umsindo ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula)

Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nalezi zimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase uqaphele:

Ubuhlungu besifuba , ikakhulukazi lapho uphefumula, bungakhula.
Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungazelelwe ezingalweni, emilenzeni, nasemhlane obubangelwa ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi (okubizwa nangokuthi inkinga ye-vaso-occlusive).
Ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini nasesifubeni (i-pleural effusion).
Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma une-SCD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

I-Acute Chest Syndrome ihlolwa kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuqashelwa kusenesikhathi kwe-'Acute Chest Syndrome' kungasindisa impilo yomuntu.Uma une-SCD futhi ulaliswe esibhedlela, kuzodingeka uhlolwe njalo futhi wenze izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezingasiza odokotela ukuthi baxilonge le nkinga:

Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi lemithambo: Lokhu kungalinganisa amazinga e-acidity (pH), i-oxygen, kanye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele kungakunikeza ulwazi mayelana namaseli akho abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet.
I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izifo zamaphaphu noma ukunqwabelana kwalezo zinto ezingavamile (ezingena) esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili.
Ukukhula: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekutholeni izinhlobo ezahlukene zokutheleleka ngokuhlola igazi lakho, i-mucus, noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba.

Ngokusekelwe kule miphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase ahlukanise i-Acute Chest Syndrome njengelula , eliphakathi nendawo, noma elinzima .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Kulesi simo , ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu . Izindlela zokwelapha zifaka:

Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa elinye igazi lakho bese unikeza igazi noma izingxenye zalo kumnikeli.
Uketshezi lwe-IV: Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (ukugcinwa kwamanzi), okungenza isifo se-sickle cell sibe sibi kakhulu futhi kwandise ubuhlungu.
Izibulali-zinhlungu: Imithi efana ne-'ketorolac' noma i-'opioids' inganikezwa ukulawula ubuhlungu.
I-Incentive Spirometer: Le divayisi encane ikusiza ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile. Isiza ukugcina amaphaphu akho ehlanzekile futhi esebenza kahle.
Ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo okwengeziwe: Uma izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini liphansi, kunikezwa umoya-mpilo.
Ama-antibiotic: Uma lesi simo sibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic.
Ama-antiviral: Uma imbangela iwukutheleleka ngegciwane, kunikezwa imithi efanele yokulwa namagciwane.

Ingabe ingozi yokuthola i-Acute Chest Syndrome ingancishiswa?

Uma unesifo se-sickle cell (SCD), kubalulekile ukukhuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezindlela zokuvimbela i-Acute Chest Syndrome. Bangase basikisele izinto ezinjengalezi:

Ukufutha ibhodlela njalo: Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinto elula, lokhu kusiza ukugcina izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zihlanzekile futhi kunciphisa ukunqwabelana koketshezi olungadingekile emaphashini akho.
Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo: Lokhu kungandisa amandla amaphaphu akho.
Ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo: Abanye abantu bangase bakudinge lokhu.
Ukuthatha imithi efana ne-'Hydroxyurea' noma i-'L-glutamine': Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu futhi inciphise ingozi yokulaliswa esibhedlela njalo. Kodwa-ke, le mithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.

Uyini umbono (ukululama) womuntu onalesi simo?

Kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezifana nalezi:

I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Lesi yisimo esibi samaphaphu esingasongela ukuphila.
Isimo sengqondo esishintshile.
Ukulimala kwezinso.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi.
Ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi.
Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okuphelele.
Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.
Ngeshwa, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.

Ngokwezibalo, izinga lokufa kwabantu abadala ngenxa ye-'Acute Chest Syndrome' licishe libe ngu-4% . Phakathi kwezingane, leli nani licishe libe ngu -1% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpilo eziningi zingasindiswa ngokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Futhi, khumbula ukuthi noma ngabe i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' yelashwa futhi yelapheka ngempumelelo, umuntu one-'SCD' angase aphinde abhekane nalesi simo esikhathini esizayo .

Nginesifo se-sickle cell. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nezimpawu ze-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma une-SCD futhi uqala ukuzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-Acute Chest Syndrome (ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane), ungalibali umzuzu bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

Tshela odokotela ukuthi unesifo se-sickle cell uma uya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo noma kwesinye isikhungo sezokwelapha.
Cela i-X-ray yesifuba ngokushesha . Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ngokushesha ukuthi une-Acute Chest Syndrome bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Khumbula, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngesikhathi esinjengalesi kungasiza kakhulu ekusindiseni impilo yakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Manje usuyazi ukuthi i-'Acute Chest Syndrome', esikhuluma ngayo, iyinkinga engaba yingozi yesifo se-sickle cell. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane . Uma unesifo se-sickle cell, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.Ungakhohlwa ukwazisa odokotela bakho ukuthi unesifo se-sickle cell. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo yizona zindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela kulesi simo. Hlala uphilile! I-Acute Chest Syndrome, Isifo se-Sickle Cell, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, I-Acute Chest Syndrome, Isifo se-Sickle Cell, Ukutheleleka Kwamaphaphu