Ingabe unesifo se-Sickle Cell? Ngakho-ke uma unesifo sesifuba, ungadlali nje! Lokhu kumayelana ne-Acute Chest Syndrome!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu esifubeni futhi uphefumula kanzima? Uma lezi zinkinga ziza nezinto ezifana nokukhwehlela nomkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma ungumuntu onesifo esibizwa ngokuthi iSickle Cell Disease (SCD) , ungakuthathi kalula lokhu. Ngoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibe uphawu lwesimo esibi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.

Iyini i-Acute Chest Syndrome? Kalula nje...

Kulungile, manje bheka. Le 'Acute Chest Syndrome' iyinkinga engaba yingozi yesifo se-sickle cell ('SCD') . Kalula nje, yilapho uba nobuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini lakho, kanye nezinto ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi uketshezi, eziqala ukwakheka ezicutshini zamaphaphu ('amaphaphu ayangena').

Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokushesha okukhulu . Eqinisweni, lesi `Acute Chest Syndrome' siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulaliswa esibhedlela futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukufa kwabantu abanesifo se-sickle cell . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini iSickle Cell Disease (SCD). Ake sikukhumbuze kancane ngayo. Yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo . Lokho kusho ukuthi sizuzwe njengefa. Sithinta iphrotheni emaseli ethu abomvu egazi ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Ngenkathi amaseli abomvu egazi omuntu ophilile eyindilinga, amaseli abomvu egazi omuntu one-SCD abunjwe njengesikela (njengenyanga). Ngakho la maseli amise okwesikela awakwazi ukudlula emithanjeni yethu yegazi emincane kalula. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-hemoglobin ayikwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke ngendlela efanele. Lena yinkinga enkulu nge-SCD.

Ivame kangakanani i-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Eqinisweni, i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' iyisimo esivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo se-sickle cell ('SCD'). Ngokwezibalo, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-'SCD' bazobhekana nalesi simo okungenani kanye empilweni yabo . Nakuba kubonakala sengathi sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-2 no-4 , singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abadala kunasezinganeni . Kutholakale nokuthi abantu abane-'SCD' kanye ne-asthma basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' kunabanye.

Kungani kwenzeka i-Acute Chest Syndrome? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ososayensi abakakwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa yisici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Bone marrow necrosis:Ubuwazi ukuthi umongo wamathambo uyingxenye ethambile, ethambile emathanjeni ethu amakhulu? Uma lo mongo wamathambo ufa ngandlela thile (okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-necrosis'), izingcezu zawo ezincane zingaphuka zingene egazini futhi zihambe emzimbeni wonke. Uma lezi zingcezu ziya emaphashini, zingadala 'i-Acute Chest Syndrome'.
• Ukuminyana kwamafutha: Esinye isizathu esingaba khona sokwehluleka komongo wethambo okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla ukuminyana kwamafutha . Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho inhlayiya yamafutha (cabanga ngayo njengethonsi lamafutha) inamathela emthanjeni wegazi futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi . Lokhu kungaholela nase-Acute Chest Syndrome.
• Ukutheleleka : Ukutheleleka okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi i-pneumonia ebangelwa amagciwane noma ama-virus , kungabangela i-acute chest syndrome. Ukutheleleka kuyimbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo ezinganeni ezincane . Kodwa-ke, kubantu abadala , kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangelwe yi-fat embolism.

Yiziphi izimpawu zomuntu one-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Izimpawu ze-'Acute Chest Syndrome' zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kunomehluko othile, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane ezincane nabantu abadala. Izingane ezincane zivame ukukhombisa izimpawu eziningi zokutheleleka:

• Ukukhwehlela
• Imfiva
• Ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwe-oxygen egazini (i-hypoxemia)
• Isivinini sokuphefumula esingavamile (i-tachypnea)
• Ukuphefumula (umsindo ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula)

Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nalezi zimpawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase uqaphele:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba , ikakhulukazi lapho uphefumula, bungakhula.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungazelelwe ezingalweni, emilenzeni, nasemhlane obubangelwa ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwegazi (okubizwa nangokuthi `inkinga ye-vaso-occlusive`).
• Ukuqongelela koketshezi emaphashini nasesifubeni (i-pleural effusion).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma une-SCD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

I-Acute Chest Syndrome ihlolwa kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuqashelwa kusenesikhathi kwe-'Acute Chest Syndrome' kungasindisa impilo yomuntu.Uma une-SCD futhi ulaliswe esibhedlela, kuzodingeka uhlolwe njalo futhi wenze izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezingasiza odokotela ukuthi baxilonge le nkinga:

• Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi lemithambo: Lokhu kungalinganisa amazinga e-acidity (pH), i-oxygen, kanye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele kungakunikeza ulwazi mayelana namaseli akho abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izifo zamaphaphu noma ukunqwabelana kwalezo zinto ezingavamile (ezingena) esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili.
• Ukukhula: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekutholeni izinhlobo ezahlukene zokutheleleka ngokuhlola igazi lakho, i-mucus, noma olunye uketshezi lomzimba.

Ngokusekelwe kule miphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase ahlukanise i-Acute Chest Syndrome njengelula , eliphakathi nendawo, noma elinzima .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Kulesi simo , ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu . Izindlela zokwelapha zifaka:

• Ukumpontshelwa igazi: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa elinye igazi lakho bese unikeza igazi noma izingxenye zalo kumnikeli.
• Uketshezi lwe-IV: Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (ukugcinwa kwamanzi), okungenza isifo se-sickle cell sibe sibi kakhulu futhi kwandise ubuhlungu.
• Izibulali-zinhlungu: Imithi efana ne-'ketorolac' noma i-'opioids' inganikezwa ukulawula ubuhlungu.
• I-Incentive Spirometer: Le divayisi encane ikusiza ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile. Isiza ukugcina amaphaphu akho ehlanzekile futhi esebenza kahle.
• Ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo okwengeziwe: Uma izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini liphansi, kunikezwa umoya-mpilo.
• Ama-antibiotic: Uma lesi simo sibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic.
• Ama-antiviral: Uma imbangela iwukutheleleka ngegciwane, kunikezwa imithi efanele yokulwa namagciwane.

Ingabe ingozi yokuthola i-Acute Chest Syndrome ingancishiswa?

Uma unesifo se-sickle cell (SCD), kubalulekile ukukhuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezindlela zokuvimbela i-Acute Chest Syndrome. Bangase basikisele izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukufutha ibhodlela njalo: Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinto elula, lokhu kusiza ukugcina izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zihlanzekile futhi kunciphisa ukunqwabelana koketshezi olungadingekile emaphashini akho.
• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo: Lokhu kungandisa amandla amaphaphu akho.
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo: Abanye abantu bangase bakudinge lokhu.
• Ukuthatha imithi efana ne-'Hydroxyurea' noma i-'L-glutamine': Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu futhi inciphise ingozi yokulaliswa esibhedlela njalo. Kodwa-ke, le mithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.

Uyini umbono (ukululama) womuntu onalesi simo?

Kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka i-'Acute Chest Syndrome'. Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezifana nalezi:

• I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Lesi yisimo esibi samaphaphu esingasongela ukuphila.
• Isimo sengqondo esishintshile.
• Ukulimala kwezinso.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi.
• Ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okuphelele.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.
• Ngeshwa, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.

Ngokwezibalo, izinga lokufa kwabantu abadala ngenxa ye-'Acute Chest Syndrome' licishe libe ngu-4% . Phakathi kwezingane, leli nani licishe libe ngu -1% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpilo eziningi zingasindiswa ngokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Futhi, khumbula ukuthi noma ngabe i-'Acute Chest Syndrome' yelashwa futhi yelapheka ngempumelelo, umuntu one-'SCD' angase aphinde abhekane nalesi simo esikhathini esizayo .

Nginesifo se-sickle cell. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngiba nezimpawu ze-Acute Chest Syndrome?

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma une-SCD futhi uqala ukuzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-Acute Chest Syndrome (ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane), ungalibali umzuzu bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .

• Tshela odokotela ukuthi unesifo se-sickle cell uma uya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo noma kwesinye isikhungo sezokwelapha.
• Cela i-X-ray yesifuba ngokushesha . Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ngokushesha ukuthi une-Acute Chest Syndrome bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Khumbula, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngesikhathi esinjengalesi kungasiza kakhulu ekusindiseni impilo yakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Manje usuyazi ukuthi i-'Acute Chest Syndrome', esikhuluma ngayo, iyinkinga engaba yingozi yesifo se-sickle cell. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane . Uma unesifo se-sickle cell, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.Ungakhohlwa ukwazisa odokotela bakho ukuthi unesifo se-sickle cell. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo yizona zindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela kulesi simo. Hlala uphilile! I-Acute Chest Syndrome, Isifo se-Sickle Cell, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, I-Acute Chest Syndrome, Isifo se-Sickle Cell, Ukutheleleka Kwamaphaphu