Kuvamile ukuthi ube nokwesaba okuncane engqondweni yakho ngento ethile njengoba ubheke phambili ekubeni ngumama . 'Kulungile yini ukudla lokho kudla?', 'Ingabe ukuthatha lo muthi kuzothinta ingane?', 'Ingabe kudingeka ngiqaphele uma ngifutha izinambuzane endlini yami?' Cishe unemibuzo efana nale engqondweni yakho. Uma uzwa izindaba ezivela yonke indawo, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi yini eyiqiniso nokuthi yini engamanga. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, ukuze sisuse ukwesaba nokungabaza kwakho.
Esikhathini esiningi, akukho okufanele sikwesabe ngalokho esikuzwayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile okudingeka siziqaphele ngempela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zinto nokuthi singazivikela kanjani.
Yiziphi izinto ezingalimaza ingane (ama-Teratogens)?
Kalula nje, kwezokwelapha, sibiza izinto noma izifo ezingabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa enganeni esibelethweni ngokuthi 'ama-teratogens'. Kodwa ukuchayeka entweni efana nale akusho ukuthi ingane izolimala. Kunezici eziningana ezithinta lokhu. Isibonelo, ukuthi isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi ichayeke kangakanani, nokuthi yachayeka kusiphi isigaba sokukhulelwa kubalulekile.
Kumathebula amabili angezansi, ake sibone ukuthi yimiphi imithi, amakhemikhali , kanye nokutheleleka okuye kwafakazelwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi kubangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa enganeni.
| Izidakamizwa namakhemikhali angaba yingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa | |
|---|---|
| Izinto | Amaphuzu abalulekile |
| Utshwala | Kungalimaza kakhulu ukukhula komntwana kanye nobuchopho bakhe. |
| Eminye imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu | Isibonelo: Ama-ACE inhibitors (i-Enalapril), ama-Coumarin derivatives (i-Warfarin). |
| Eminye imithi yokuwa | Isibonelo: i-Carbamazepine, i-Valproic acid, i-Phenytoin. |
| Imithamo ephezulu yevithamini A kanye namakhemikhali ayo | Imithi efana ne -Isotretinoin (Accutane) yokwelapha induna iyingozi kakhulu . |
| Amanye ama-antibiotic | Isibonelo: i-Tetracycline, i-Streptomycin. |
| Izidakamizwa | Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine. |
| I-Lead, i-Mercury | Izinsimbi ezisindayo ezingamuncwa emvelweni. |
| Izifo ezingaba yingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa | |
|---|---|
| I-Cytomegalovirus | Igciwane elivamile elivame ukungabi nazimpawu. |
| I-Rubella | Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi yi-German measles, kungavinjelwa ngomuthi wokugomela i-MMR. |
| I-Syphilis | Isifo esithathelwana ngocansi. |
| I-Toxoplasmosis | Ingadluliselwa ngenyama engaphekiwe kahle kanye nendle yamakati. |
| I-Chickenpox (i-Varicella) | Ingozi iphezulu uma kwenzeka ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. |
Isexwayiso esikhethekile mayelana nomuthi wezinduna
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngomuthi i-'Thalidomide'. Wanikezwa omama abakhulelwe emashumini eminyaka edlule futhi wabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa ezinganeni zabo. Kodwa umuthi oyingozi kakhulu futhi oyingozi kakhulu yi- 'Isotretinoin' , umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cystic acne enzima. Waziwa kakhulu ngegama lomkhiqizo elithi 'Accutane'.
Uma lo muthi uthathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunengozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthi umntwana abelethe amaphutha amakhulu angama-30% - 35% . Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu, ngisho nosongela ukuphila ezithweni eziyinhloko zomntwana, njengenhliziyo, izindlebe, nobuchopho.
Ngakho-ke, uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ungasebenzisi lo muthi nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Uma usebenzisa lo muthi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngawo.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngokudla
Kudingeka siqaphele kancane ngokudla esikudlayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa . Ikakhulukazi, ukugwema izinto ezithile kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni komntwana.
Khumbula lezi zinto uma udla izinhlanzi.
Ezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu zasolwandle zingase zibe namazinga aphezulu e-mercury, i-heavy metal. Lokhu kungathinta kabi ukukhula kobuchopho bengane. Ngakho-ke,
- Izinhlanzi ezingafanele ukudliwa: Gwema ukudla izinhlanzi ezinkulu njengoshaka, i-swordfish, kanye ne-king mackerel.
- Ungakudla cishe kabili ngesonto: Kuhle ukudla izinhlanzi ezincane njenge-shrimp, i-salmon, i-mackerel, i-herring, kanye ne-sprat. Lezi ziqukethe izakhamzimba ezifana ne- omega -3 ezidingwa ngumntwana.
- Inhlanzi ekheniwe: I-tuna elula iyisinqumo esihle.
Amaqiniso engeziwe mayelana nokuphepha kokudla
Naka futhi amaphuzu asetafuleni elingezansi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ekuvikeleni wena nomntwana wakho ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane.
| Iqiniso | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Izinto okufanele zidliwe zingaphekiwe | Gwema amahlumela aluhlaza, ubisi olungakaphekwanga, ushizi, kanye namajusi ezithelo. |
| Inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda | Ungadli lutho olungaphekiwe kahle noma olungaphekiwe. Yidla amaqanda abilisiwe kahle noma aphekiwe kahle. |
| Inyama elungisiwe | Ungadli inyama emnandi efana namasoseji, ama-meatball, ne-ham ngaphandle kokuthi ifudunyezwe kahle. |
| Ukuhlanzeka | Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaphambi nangemva kokulungisa ukudla. Geza imifino nezithelo kahle. Ungagcini inyama eluhlaza nokudla okuphekiwe ndawonye. |
'Indawo Empunga' lapho ingozi ingacaci khona
Kunezinto ezithile esingenakuzisho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi zizolimaza umama okhulelwe noma ingane yakhe. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi akukuhle ukwenza ucwaningo ngabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, kunolwazi olulinganiselwe ngalezi zinto.
I-aspirin kanye nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu
Iziqeda-buhlungu ezifana ne-aspirin kanye ne-NSAID (isib. i-ibuprofen) azinconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Zingandisa ingozi yokopha. Uma udinga ukuthatha umuthi womkhuhlane noma ikhanda elibuhlungu, buza udokotela wakho bese uthatha i-paracetamol.
I-caffeine
Abantu abaningi bakhathazekile nge-caffeine esetiyeni nasekofini, kodwa izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukuphuza itiye noma ikhofi elilinganiselwe , njengenkomishi eyodwa noma ezimbili zetiye noma ikhofi ngosuku, akubeki ingozi enkulu.
Amakhemikhali asekhaya
Ukusebenzisa njalo izinto ezifana ne-nail polish, i-white-out, kanye nezimpawu ezihlala njalo akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubangele umonakalo. Futhi, uma ufutha izibulala-zinambuzane ekhaya lakho, kwanele ukuhlala kude nendawo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umoya ungena kahle. Kodwa-ke, uma usebenza kwezolimo noma efektri futhi uchayeke kumakhemikhali, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba nganoma yini, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ngayo. Lokho kubaluleke kakhulu kunokukholelwa kulokho abantu abakushoyo.
Thola Umjovo Womkhuhlane
Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezivela kumkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, kuphephile kakhulu futhi kuyanconywa ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuvikela wena kanye nomntwana wakho ongakazalwa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unolwazi lwakamuva ngeminye imijovo yakho (isib. i-MMR ye-Rubella) ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Qaphela kakhulu nganoma yimiphi imithi noma amakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala .
- Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (eyanikezwa udokotela, ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, imithi ye-Ayurvedic, noma imithi yendawo).
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela kusenesikhathi bese ukhuluma ngemithi yakho nendlela yakho yokuphila.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngaphandle kokubonisana naye. Ikakhulukazi imithi yezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nesifo sengqondo.
- Uma ungabaza ngento ethile noma ukudla, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungaxhumana ne-National Poison Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
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