Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake waba nokungezwani komzimba wakho, ubunzima bokuhamba, noma ushintsho oluzumayo lobuntu? Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale njengezinto ezivamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nesizathu esingathi sína ngemuva kwazo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo sobuchopho esingavamile kakhulu, kodwa esibi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy , noma i-PML ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-PML?
I-PML iyisifo esibi kakhulu nesingavamile esithinta ubuchopho bethu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi ikhono lomzimba wethu lokulwa nezifo, okungukuthi, amasosha omzimba, libuthakathaka kakhulu.
Manje bheka, ubuchopho bethu bunesivikelo esizungeze amangqamuzana ezinzwa. Kufana nesivikelo sepulasitiki esizungeze intambo kagesi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-myelin . Lesi sivikelo se-myelin sisiza imiyalezo ukuthi ihambe ngemithambo ngokushesha nangokunembile. Uma kwenzeka i-PML, lesi sivikelo se-myelin siyalimala. Kufana nesivikelo sepulasitiki kuleyo ntambo siyancibilika. Bese imiyalezo ebuchosheni ayihambi kahle, okubangela izinkinga ngokuhamba, ukucabanga, kanye nokuzizwa.
Lesi sifo sibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-JC virus . Ngokumangalisayo, cishe abantu abadala abangu-85% bathwala leli gciwane emizimbeni yabo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Uma nje isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela siqinile, leli gciwane lihlala lithule. Kodwa uma isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka kakhulu, leli gciwane liqala ukusebenza ngokuzumayo bese liqala ukuhlasela ubuchopho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-PML ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu one-PML akanakukwazi ukusabalalisa lesi sifo komunye umuntu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-PML?
Izimpawu ze-PML zingahluka kuye ngokuthi umonakalo uphi ebuchosheni. Ake sibheke izimpawu zokuqala nezemuva zalesi sifo.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu Zokuqala |
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| Izimpawu Zakamuva |
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Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Lesi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili. Kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani.
- Abantu abangenwe yi-HIV/AIDS: Ngoba lesi sifo sihlasela ngqo amasosha omzimba.
- Ezinye iziguli ezinomdlavuza: Ikakhulukazi lezo ezinomdlavuza ohlobene negazi njenge-leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma.
- Iziguli ezifakelwa izitho zomzimba: Uma isitho (njengezinso noma isibindi) sifakwe komunye umuntu, zinikezwa imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ukuvimbela umzimba ukuthi ungasamukeli. Laba bantu nabo basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abasebenzisa imithi eshintsha noma ecindezela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela: Kunezinye izifo lapho isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela khona imizimba yethu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izifo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis, isifo sikaCrohn, i-rheumatoid arthritis, kanye ne-lupus. Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha lezi zimo ingandisa ingozi yokuthola i-PML.
Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi abantu abanezakhi zofuzo ezithile banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-PML lapho bethatha le mithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke, ungase ufune ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngaphambi kokuqala le mithi.
Indlela yokuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-PML ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana.
1. Ukuskena kwe-MRI:Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Umshini we-MRI ungathatha izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane yobuchopho. Ungabona ngokucacile izindawo (izilonda) lapho i-myelin ebuchosheni yonakaliswe khona yi-PML.
2. Ukubhoboza I-Lumbar: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inalithi encane kakhulu ngemuva kwentamo bese uthatha isampula encane yoketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal). Lolu ketshezi lungahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi igciwane le-JC likhona yini.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kwengqondo: Lokhu kwenziwa kaningi kakhulu, futhi kuphela uma ezinye izivivinyo zingaphelele. Kulokhu, ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu isuswa ngokuhlinzwa ebuchosheni bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
Iphathwa kanjani i-PML?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni i-PML ukwelapha isimo esibangele ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho abe buthaka.
- Ake sithi unesifo se-PML ngenxa ye-HIV. Khona-ke udinga ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngama-antiretroviral (imithi yokulwa ne-HIV) ngendlela efanele futhi wakhe kabusha amasosha omzimba wakho.
- Uma unesifo se-PML ngenxa yomuthi ocindezela amasosha omzimba, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze unqume ukuthi uzowuyeka noma uwushintshe yini umuthi.
- Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukushintshaniswa kwe-plasma kusetshenziswa ukususa le mithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba egazini. Lokhu kunikeza amasosha omzimba amandla okulwa negciwane le-JC futhi.
Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka ngemithi esebenza ngokumelene negciwane le-JC uqobo, kodwa akukho muthi osebenzayo otholakele okwamanje.
Ngeshwa, into emhlophe, noma i-myelin, yobuchopho ebhujiswa yigciwane ayiphinde ivele. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nangemva kokuba lesi sifo sesiphelile, ezinye izimpawu (isib., ukunganaki, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo) zingase ziqhubeke impilo yonke. Lokhu kufana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yesifo sohlangothi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-PML iwukutheleleka kobuchopho okungavamile kakhulu kodwa okungathi sína.
- Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka kakhulu. Umuntu ophilile akanaso isizathu sokukhathazeka ngalokhu.
- Igciwane le-JC elibangela lokhu lihlala emizimbeni yethu eminingi ngaphandle kokulimaza.
- Uma uthatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba wakho (isib., yomdlavuza, isifo samathambo, i-MS), yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha zezinzwa ozizwayo (ukuba ndikindiki ezingalweni zakho, ubunzima bokuhamba, ubunzima bokukhuluma).
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa ukuze kwakhiwe kabusha amasosha omzimba kungasiza ekulawuleni ukusabalala okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo.
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