Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni, noma udlala nesilwane sakho ekhaya, bese ulunywa ngokuzumayo. Noma ikati likuklwebha. Uyazi ukwesaba okufika engqondweni ngaleso sikhathi. Sonke siyazi ukuthi uma lokho kwenzeka, kufanele sesabe amarabi. Ngakho siya kudokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lapho isilwane siluma, okuwukuphela kwento abayinikezayo umuthi wokugomela amarabi, onikezwa izinsuku ezimbalwa zilandelana. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ngaphezu kwalowo muthi wokugomela, kunikezwa omunye umuthi wokugomela obaluleke kakhulu, okhethekile. Lowo yiRabies Immune Globulin, noma i-RIG ngamafuphi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalo muthi wokugomela okhethekile okuvikela ngokushesha.
Kuyini iRabies Immune Globulin (RIG)?
Kalula nje, lokhu akusiwo umuthi wokugomela isifo samarabi. Lezi izinto ezimbili ezahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini.
Uma uthola umuthi wokugomela amarabi, uqeqesha umzimba wakho ukwenza ama-antibodies angalwa negciwane lamarabi. Kufana nokuqeqesha ibutho lakho. Kodwa kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi leli butho liqeqeshwe futhi lilungele impi.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukulunywa yisilwane kunzima, noma uma ukulunywa kusendaweni lapho igciwane lingafinyelela khona ngokushesha ebuchosheni (isibonelo, ebusweni, entanyeni, ezandleni), asinaso isikhathi sokulinda ibutho lethu liqeqeshwe. Yilapho-ke ibutho elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi iRabies Immune Globulin (RIG) lisiza khona.
I-RIG iyisisombululo esiqukethe inani elikhulu lama-antibodies alungiselelwe kusengaphambili futhi alungele impi. Uma ifakwa emzimbeni wakho, lawo ma-antibodies aya ngqo ekulweni negciwane le-rabies. Kufana nokuba neyunithi yamandla akhethekile evela ngaphandle ekuvikele ngenkathi ibutho lakho liqeqeshwe.
Lawa ma-antibodies atholakala egazini labantu abaphilile abanamandla okuzivikela kuma-rabies. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ahlolwa ngokucophelela, ahlanzwe futhi alungiswe ngendlela ephephile ngokuphelele.
Kuziphi izimo lapho lo muthi wokugoma udingeka khona?
Umuthi wokugomela i-RIG awunikezwa njalo ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane. Udokotela okwelaphayo unquma ukuthi kuyadingeka noma cha. Ucabangela izici eziningana.
- Iyini isilwane?: Uhlobo lwesilwane, njengenja, ikati, ilulwane, noma igundane.
- Uhlobo lwenxeba: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakukulunywa, ukuklwebheka, noma ukuthi amathe esilwane ayesesikhumbeni esilimele.
- Indawo yokulimala: Ukulimala okwenzeka eduze kobuchopho nasezindaweni ezinezinzwa eziningi (ubuso, intamo, izandla, iminwe, indawo yokuzala) kusengozini enkulu.
- Ubunzima besilonda: Amanxeba ajulile abhoboze isikhumba, kanye namanxeba aphuma igazi, asengozini enkulu.
- Isimo sesilwane:Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisilwane esigcinwa ekhaya futhi esigonyelwe amarabi ngesikhathi, noma isilwane esizulazulayo esingenamnikazi, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela ukuthi ngabe isilwane singabonwa yini izinsuku eziyi-10-14.
Ngemva kokucabangela konke lokhu, lo muthi wokugomela i-RIG uzonikezwa kuphela uma udokotela enomuzwa wokuthi ingozi yokuthola igciwane iphezulu lapho uzonikezwa khona umuthi wokugomela i-rabies ojwayelekile.
Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele utshele udokotela ngazo?
Ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe umuthi wokugomela i-RIG, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa. Kubalulekile ukuze ukuphepha kwakho kucace ngalezi zinto.
- Izinkinga zokopha: Uma unesifo sokopha.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-IgA: Uma unesifo sohlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-IgA (ukuntuleka kwe-IgA). Lesi yisimo esingavamile, kodwa uma wazi ngaso, qiniseka ukuthi uyasitshela.
- Eminye imijovo: Uma usanda kuthola noma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, noma uhlelelwe ukuwuthola maduze.
- Imithi yokunciphisa igazi: Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (isib. i-Aspirin, i-Warfarin, i-Clopidogrel).
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma wake waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nohlobo lwe-immune globulin, omunye umuthi, ukudla, noma udayi.
- Ukukhulelwa: Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa.
Lo muthi wokugoma unikezwa kanjani?
Lona umuthi akuwona owokusetshenziswa ekhaya. Ungumjovo onikezwa kuphela uchwepheshe wezempilo esibhedlela noma emtholampilo .
Indlela umjovo onikezwa ngayo ikhethekile kancane. Udokotela ubala umthamo we-RIG owudingayo bese efaka omningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngqo enxebeni lokulunywa yisilwane naseduze kwaso . Yileso sizathu esiyinhloko lapho igciwane lingena khona emzimbeni. Umgomo uwukucisha igciwane lapho. Uma kukhona okusele ngemva kwalowo mjovo, ufakwa enyameni enkulu, njengehlombe noma ithanga.
Kanye nalo muthi wokugomela, uzonikezwa nomthamo wokuqala wochungechunge lwemithi yokugomela amarabi ejwayelekile, ejovwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, umuthi wokugomela i-RIG ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiningi, lokhu akukubi kangako.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Indlela yokunakekela |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu edinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
Ukusabela Okukhulu Kokungezwani Nomzimba
| Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa uma kwenzeka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Tshela udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe uma iqhubeka | |
| Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa endaweni yokujova | Lokhu kuvamile, kodwa uma ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala kukhulu noma kungapheli phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, yazisa udokotela wakho. |
| Ubuhlungu nobuhlungu bomzimba | Lokhu kungase kuthathe usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma kuqhubeka, yazisa udokotela wakho. |
| Umkhuhlane ovamile kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu | Lokhu kuvame ukuphela cishe ngosuku olulodwa. Uma kuqhubeka, yazisa udokotela wakho. |
Ingabe kuzoba nezinkinga ngeminye imithi?
Yebo, kukhona into eyodwa okufanele uyiqaphele ngokukhethekile. Leyo imijovo yegciwane eliphilayo .
I-RIG iyi-antibody elungiselelwe. Ngakho-ke ngemva kokuthola lo muthi wokugomela, uma uthola umuthi wokugomela igciwane eliphilayo njenge-measles, i-mumps, i-rubella (MMR) noma i-chickenpox, ama-antibodies aku-RIG angalwa negciwane elibuthakathaka kulowo muthi wokugomela futhi alibhubhise. Khona-ke ngeke uthole umuthi wokugomela owufunayo kulowo muthi wokugomela.
Ngakho-ke, uma usuthole umuthi wokugomela i-RIG futhi udinga omunye umuthi wokugomela ophilayo phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-3-4 ezizayo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ukuthi usuthole umuthi wokugomela i-RIG . Uzobe eseshintsha ishejuli yokugomela noma akunike umthamo owengeziwe (i-booster) uma kudingeka.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Njengoba lokhu kunikezwa esibhedlela, awekho nhlobo amathuba okuthola okungaphezu komthamo onqunyiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma usola into efana nale, yazisa ngokushesha iNational Poisons Information Centre eColombo National Hospital noma e- Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) eseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) ayiyona imithi yokugomela i-rabies. Iyiqoqo lama-antibodies elakhiwe ngaphambilini elihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okusheshayo egciwaneni le-rabies.
- Lokhu akunikezwa wonke umuntu oye walunywa yisilwane. Kuye ngobukhulu kanye nengozi yokulimala, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kuyadingeka yini.
- Iningi lalo muthi wokugomela lifakwa enxebeni nasezindaweni ezizungezile, libhubhise igciwane lapho lingena khona emzimbeni.
- Ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-RIG, tshela udokotela wakho ngokucacile ngezinye izifo zakho, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba.
- Ukusebenza kahle kwemijovo ephilayo kungase kwehle izinyanga ezi-3-4 ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela we-RIG. Ngakho-ke, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola omunye umuthi wokugomela.
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