Uma ukhuluma nothile, kunzima yini ukuzwa lokho akushoyo? Ingabe uzithola kufanele ukhuphule ivolumu ku-TV kakhulu kunokujwayelekile? Noma uzizwa sengathi umsindo okuzungezile uyancipha kancane kancane futhi umhlaba uya uthula? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokwehla kancane kancane kokuzwa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lesi simo futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo. Ngakho-ke ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla.
Yiziphi izimpawu zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okukhulu?
Uma ukuzwa kwakho kuqala ukwehla, kungazelelwe noma kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungase uqale uqaphele ukwehla kokucaca kwenkulumo. Amagama angase angezwakali kahle, futhi imisindo ingase iqale ukuzwakala ikude noma ingabonakali.
Kuye ngembangela yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, lezi zimpawu zingase zihambisane nezinye izinto. Isibonelo:
- Ubuhlungu endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili.
- Isiyezi noma i-Vertigo .
- Umsindo oqhubekayo ngaphakathi ezindlebeni. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-tinnitus .
- Ukucindezeleka endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili, noma umuzwa wokugcwala.
Ngokuvamile, abantu abanenkinga enkulu yokuzwa bayayeka kancane kancane ukuxhumana nabantu. Ngenxa yokuthi abakuzwa okushiwoyo, bazizwa benamahloni okubuzwa ukuthi, "Uthini?" Bangase besabe nokungaqondwa kahle nokunikeza impendulo engalungile.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi ulahlekelwe ukuzwa okungakanani?
Ukuze athole ukuthi ukuzwa kwakho kusezingeni elingakanani, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela esivivinyweni esikhethekile. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-audiogram `(Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-audiogram . Lokhu kuhlola kulinganisa ububanzi bemisindo ongayizwa, ngama -decibel , iyunithi yokulinganisa umsindo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-audiogram kungalinganisa ngokunembile izinga lakho lokuzwa. Ngakho-ke uma usola ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa, ungalibali ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Amazinga okuzwa ahlukaniswa kanje:
| Izinga lokuzwa | Ububanzi be-Decibel (dB) kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| Okuvamile | 0 – 20 dB. Ngisho nemisindo ecashile kakhulu efana nokuphefumula okuvamile ingezwakali. |
| Okuncane | 21 - 40 dB. Ungase ungakwazi ukuzwa umuntu ehleba. |
| Okumaphakathi | 41 - 55 dB. Kunzima ukuzwa ingxoxo evamile ngokucacile. |
| Okukhulu Kakhulu | 56 - 70 dB. Kuzwakala kuphela uma ukhuluma kakhulu. |
| Okubi kakhulu | 71 - 90 dB. Kuzwakala kuphela uma umemeza. Ingxoxo evamile cishe ayizwakali. |
| Kunzima kakhulu (Okujulile) | Ngaphezu kuka-90 dB. Kuzwakala umsindo omkhulu njengwendiza endiza isuka. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa?
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, kuye ngokuthi inkinga ikuphi endleleni yomsindo .
1. Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okubangela Ukucindezeleka: Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaza omsindo engakwazi ukufinyelela endlebeni yangaphakathi ngenxa yenkinga yendlebe yangaphandle, i-eardrum, noma indlebe ephakathi. Lesi simo singabangelwa yi-eardrum, izifo zendlebe, i-eardrum enezimbobo, noma uketshezi olusendlebeni ephakathi.
2. Ukulahlekelwa Yizinzwa: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubangelwa ukulimala kwamangqamuzana ezinwele athambile kakhulu endlebeni yangaphakathi. Lolu hlobo lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa lungabangelwa ukuguga , ukuchayeka emsindweni omkhulu, imithi ethile, izici zofuzo, kanye nokulimala kwemizwa yokuzwa.
3. Ukulahlekelwa Yizindlebe Okuxubile: Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili ezishiwo ngenhla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kanye nenkinga ngendlebe yangaphandle noma ephakathi, kungase kube nenkinga ngendlebe yangaphakathi noma inzwa yokuzwa. Lesi simo singabangelwa izinto ezifana nokulimala okukhulu ekhanda kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhathi eside.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuzumayo, bonana nochwepheshe wezindlebe , impumulo, nomphimbo (ENT) ngokushesha, njengoba lokhu kungaba yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa okukhulu?
Ake siqale siqonde ukuthi sizwa kanjani umsindo ngendlela elula. Amaza omsindo angena endlebeni yethu yangaphandle futhi abangele ukuthi i-eardrum namathambo amancane endlebeni ephakathi anyakaze. Lokhu kunyakaza bese kuya ku-cochlea, isitho esinomumo womnenke, esigcwele uketshezi endlebeni engaphakathi.Izinkulungwane zamangqamuzana amancane ezinwele lapho aguqula lokhu kudlidliza kube izimpawu zemizwa bese ezithumela ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buchaza lezo zimpawu futhi busivumela ukuthi sibone imisindo.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwenzeka uma kukhona iphutha endaweni ethile kule nqubo. Nazi izimbangela eziyinhloko.
Ukuguga
Njengoba sikhula, ezinye izingxenye zendlebe zilahlekelwa ukuguquguquka kwazo. Ikakhulukazi, amangqamuzana ezinwele athambile ku-cochlea ayalimala futhi angakwazi ukusabela emagagasini omsindo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kancane kancane phakathi neminyaka ethile.
Umsindo omkhulu
Imisindo ephezulu, njengaleyo evela kuma-drill kagesi, ezindizeni, noma ekulaleleni umculo ngomsindo ophezulu ngama-headphone, ingalimaza amangqamuzana ezinwele ku-cochlea. Ubukhulu bomonakalo buxhomeke ekujuleni komsindo nokuthi uzohlala isikhathi esingakanani kuwo.
Ukutheleleka kwendlebe
Ukutheleleka kungabangela uketshezi oluqongelelekayo endlebeni ephakathi, okubangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kutheleleka kungelashwa kahle, kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu wesikhathi eside.
I-eardrum enezimbobo
I-eardrum ingabhoboka ngenxa yokutheleleka kwendlebe, umsindo omkhulu, ukulimala kwendlebe, noma ukucindezeleka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokundiza noma ukuntywila. Ubukhulu bokubhoboka bunquma izinga lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
I-Cholesteatoma
Leli yiqoqo lesikhumba esisendlebeni ephakathi esingawela endukwini yendlebe noma sikhule ngembobo endukwini yendlebe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungakhula kube kukhulu futhi kulimaze amathambo endlebeni ephakathi, kunciphise ukuzwa.
Ezinye izifo
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kungabangelwa yizimo ezifana nesimungumungwane, ulwelwesi kanye ne-meningitis.
Isifo sikaMeniere
Lesi yisifo esithinta indlebe yangaphakathi. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukukhala ezindlebeni (Tinnitus) , kanye nomuzwa wokugcwala endlebeni. Ngokuvamile kuthinta indlebe eyodwa kuphela, kodwa isimo singaba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Amathumba
Ukulahlekelwa kakhulu kokuzwa kungabangelwa nayizimila ezinomdlavuza noma ezingengozini. Isibonelo , i-acoustic neuroma . Ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, umuntu onalesi simo angase abe nokungezwani kobuso noma ukukhala ezindlebeni.
Ezinye izizathu
- Okuthile okubhajwe endlebeni: Uma into efana ne-earwax inqwabelana endlebeni futhi ingena, ingavimba ukudlula komsindo.
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa : Abanye abantu bazalwa benezindlebe ezingakakhuli kahle.
- Ukulimala: Ukuphuka kwekhanda noma ukulimala endlebeni kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
- Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi elwa namagciwane, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-aspirin, kanye nemithi yokulwa nomdlavuza kungalimaza ukuzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuyabuya ngemva kokumiswa komuthi, kodwa isikhathi esiningi, umonakalo uhlala unomphela.
- Izimbangela Zezakhi Zofuzo: Ososayensi bathole izici zezakhi zofuzo ezibangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
- Izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba: Izimo ezifana ne-lupus kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis nazo zingathinta ukuzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuvame ukwenzeka kancane kancane, ngakho ungawushayi indiva ngisho nezinguquko ezincane.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko, ukufiphala, noma ukukhala ezindlebeni zakho, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuzumayo kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke bonana nochwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo nomphimbo (uchwepheshe we-ENT) noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Vikela izindlebe zakho emisindweni emikhulu. Kuzosiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kokuzwa esikhathini esizayo.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha izimbangela eziningi zokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Uma lesi simo sitholakala ngokushesha, umphumela uba ngcono.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokuzwa, ukukhubazeka kokuzwa, isifo sendlebe, i-tinnitus, i-audiogram, uchwepheshe we-ENT, i-eardrum, i-cochlea
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