Ake sifunde kabanzi ngokutheleleka kwe-Shigella. Ingabe lokhu kuyimbangela yobuhlungu besisu sakho?

Ingabe uke waba nezimpawu ezinjengohudo kanye nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu besisu? Mhlawumbe imbangela yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi iShigella. Empeleni lokhu kuyisifo esivame kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi sifo seShigella, noma njengoba odokotela besibiza kanjalo, iShigellosis. Uma wazi kahle ukuthi siyini, uzoqonda ukuthi ungasigwema kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka.

Kuyini ukutheleleka kweShigella? Kalula nje...

I-Shigella uhlobo lwebhaktheriya. Leli bhaktheriya lithinta uhlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla . Ikakhulukazi, amathumbu ethu. Uma lingena emzimbeni, libangela izimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, uhudo, kanye nomkhuhlane. Ngezinye izikhathi, uhudo lungahambisana negazi noma i-mucus.

Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalokhu ukuthi i-Shigella iyisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu . Singadluliselwa kalula sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Sidluliselwa kanjani? Ngokuyinhloko ngokudla namanzi angcolile. Cabanga nje, ugeza endaweni enamanzi angcolile, futhi uma ugwinya amanzi ngengozi, usengangenwa yileli gciwane.

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-bacillary dysentery . Igama elithi "dysentery" lisho isifo sohudo esinegazi noma i-mucus. Ngakho-ke libizwa kanjalo ngoba ukutheleleka kweShigella nakho kubonisa izimpawu ezifanayo.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola ukutheleleka kweShigella?

Empeleni, noma ubani angayithola . Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuyithola. Ivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenakho ukuhlanzeka okuhle nezindawo ezinabantu abaningi.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• Isikole
• Izikhungo zokunakekela izingane zasemini
• Izindlu zokunakekela abagugile

Kukhona izingane ezincane, zihlala zibeka izandla zazo emlonyeni, zibeka amathoyizi emlonyeni wazo. Ngakho-ke, zinethuba elikhulu lokufaka leli gciwane le-Shigella emizimbeni yazo. Yingakho lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo emhlabeni wonke?

Lokhu kutheleleka kweShigella akugcini nje eSri Lanka. Kuyinkinga ekhona emhlabeni wonke . Cabanga nje, abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingu-188 bathola lokhu minyaka yonke, kanti amakhulu ezinkulungwane, mhlawumbe ngisho nesigidi, sabantu bayafa ngenxa yako. Ngisho nakwamanye amazwe okuthiwa athuthukile, kubikwa iziguli ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-1.5 minyaka yonke. Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.5 bahlaselwa yilesi sifo minyaka yonke. Ngakho-ke, ungabona ukuthi lokhu kusakazeke kangakanani, akunjalo?

I-Shigellosis ikhula kanjani? Iyini imbangela yangempela?

Sesishilo kakade ukuthi leli yigciwane. Leli gciwane le-Shigella livame ukutholakala endle yomuntu onegciwane . Ngakho-ke, lidluliselwa kanjani?

• Uma othile ethintana (ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile) nendle yomuntu onegciwane.
• Uma uthinta into engcoliswe yindle (isib. isibambo somnyango, ithoyizi) bese udla ngalolo sandla esifanayo.

Kalula nje, leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni ngemilomo yethu. Lingaba:

• Uma udla ukudla okungcolile : Uma udla ukudla okunama-bacteria (ikakhulukazi uma kungaphekwanga kahle).
• Uma uphuza amanzi angcolile : Uma uphuza amanzi aqukethe amagciwane.
• Kungasakazeka futhi ngokuxhumana ngokocansi nomuntu onegciwane (ikakhulukazi ngemisebenzi ehilela indle). Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngalokhu, ngoba ukuqwashisa kuyisihluthulelo sokuvikelwa.

Amabhaktheriya e-Shigella avame ukutholakala emifinweni engaphekiwe (isib., ilethisi, uma ingagezwanga kahle) kanye nokudla kwasolwandle (isib., ama-oyster).

Cabanga nje, uma ingane esikoleni esincane ine-Shigella, bese iya endlini yangasese ingagezanga izandla zayo kahle, yabelane ngamathoyizi nezinye izingane, noma ithinta ukudla kwabanye abantu ngenkathi idla, ezinye izingane zingangenwa kalula yileli gciwane. Ngokufanayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ungenwe yileli gciwane kumuntu osebenzisa indlu yangasese yomphakathi futhi ongazigezi izandla zakhe kahle.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kweShigella? Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi

Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kancane kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Uhudo: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko. Lungaba namanzi futhi lungase luhambisane negazi, ulwelwesi, noma ubomvu . Lungavela izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
• Ubuhlungu besisu kanye nokuqaqamba: Ubuhlungu besisu , umuzwa wokucindezelwa noma ukugingqika esiswini.
• Ukuhlanza: Abanye abantu bangase bahlanze.
• Umkhuhlane: Ungase uthole umkhuhlane ngenxa yokuthi umzimba ushisa kakhulu.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi abanye abantu bangaba naleli gciwane le-Shigella emizimbeni yabo ngaphandle kwezimpawu . Kodwa basengathelela omunye umuntu. Lokho kusho ukuthi bafana nabathwali balesi sifo.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unakho lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela. Udokotela uzolalela izimpawu zakho, akuhlole, bese enquma ukuthi lokhu kungaba yigciwane le-Shigella.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze uqiniseke, udinga ukuhlolwa kwendle ukuze kutholakale ukuthi unayo yini igciwane le-Shigella.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Shigellosis? Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho!

Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni besifo. Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukwelashwa okufanayo.

Izinto ongazenza ekhaya (Izimo ezincane - uma izimpawu zincane)

Uma izimpawu zakho zingezimbi kakhulu, ungazama lezi zinto ekhaya ukuze zikusize ululame:

• Phumula ngokwanele: Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuzikhandla ngokweqile emzimbeni wakho.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi:Uhudo lubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe amanzi nosawoti. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni , okusho ukugcina amanzi emzimbeni, phuza uketshezi olufana namanzi, ujusi, ujusi wewolintshi, kanye nephalishi njalo.
• Imithi yohudo enikezwa ngudokotela: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi efana ne-bismuth subsalicylate (njenge-Pepto-Bismol®) ukusiza ekunciphiseni uhudo. Kodwa-ke, ungaziphilisi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
• Ungayithathi le mithi: Imithi equkethe i-loperamide (isb., Imodium®) noma i-diphenoxylate ene-atropine (isb., i-Lomotil®) ayinconywa ngalesi sikhathi. Yehlisa ijubane lokusebenza kwamathumbu futhi igcina amabhaktheriya emzimbeni isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungenza ukugula kube kubi kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa (Amacala anzima - uma izimpawu zinzima)

Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, noma uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka (isib. ngenxa yesinye isifo, noma uma usukhulile noma ingane encane), udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic . Isibonelo, unganikwa i-Ciprofloxacin noma i-Azithromycin.

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Thatha ama-antibiotic njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, isikhathi sonke . Ungayeki ukuwathatha ngoba nje uzizwa ungcono. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye, noma amabhaktheriya abe nokumelana nemithi.

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-Shigellosis?

Nakuba i-Shigellosis ivame ukuxazululeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinkinga.

• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Lena inkinga evame kakhulu futhi engathi sína. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi amaningi nosawoti ngenxa yohudo. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu asebekhulile. Kungaba yingozi ngisho nasekufeni.
• Ukutheleleka kwegazi: Nakuba kungavamile, amabhaktheriya angangena egazini esuka emathunjini futhi asakazeke emzimbeni wonke.
• Ukuquleka: Ukuquleka kungenzeka uma kunomkhuhlane omkhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
• I-arthritis yangemva kokutheleleka: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Reiter's syndrome noma i-reactive arthritis . Ngemva kokutheleleka yi-Shigella, amalunga angase abe buhlungu, amehlo angase abe bomvu futhi avuvuke, futhi kungase kube nobuhlungu lapho uchama amasonto ambalwa.
• I-Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS): Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile nesibucayi. Silimaza imithambo yegazi emincane ezinso, sibangele ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana egazi, sibangele i-anemia , futhi singaholela nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-Shigellosis? Lezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu!

Kunezinto eziningi ezilula esingazenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo futhi simise ukusabalala kwaso. Uma ulandela lezi zinyathelo ngokucophelela, ungazivikela wena nomndeni wakho.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu .
• Ngaphambi kokudla nangemva kokudla.
• Ngemva kokuya endlini yokugezela.
• Ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni lomntwana.
• Ngaphambi kokupheka.
• Uma uthinta umuntu onegciwane noma izinto zakhe.

Uma ugeza izandla zakho, kufanele usebenzise insipho bese uzihlikihla kahle okungenani imizuzwana engama-20.

• Geza futhi upheke ukudla kahle: Geza imifino eluhlaza nezithelo kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Pheka inyama, inhlanzi namaqanda kahle.
• Gwema ukuzicwilisa emachibini okubhukuda, emachibini, noma emachibini: Amanzi akulezi zindawo angaba namagciwane.
• Lahla amanabukeni asetshenzisiwe ngendlela efanele: Shintsha inabukeni, uligoqe kahle, bese ulifaka ebhodweni likadoti elinesivalo. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngemva kwalokho.
• Qaphela ukudla neziphuzo lapho uya kwamanye amazwe: Njengoba inhlanzeko imbi kwamanye amazwe, phuza amanzi asemabhodleleni kuphela futhi unciphise ukudla ezindaweni zokudlela eziseceleni komgwaqo.
• Qaphela lapho uya ocansini: Ngisho nangemva kokuba umlingani wakho eseluleme ekuhudweni, kungcono ukulinda okungenani isonto ngaphambi kokuba uye ocansini.
• Umuthi wokugoma: Abacwaningi basazama ukwakha umuthi wokugoma ngokumelene naleli gciwane le-Shigella, kodwa okwamanje awukho umuthi wokugoma onjalo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kwi-Shigellosis? (Outlook)

Iningi labantu abathola ukutheleleka kweShigella lizolulama zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-4 kuya kweziyi-7, izimpawu ziyancipha. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi usengasabalalisa ukutheleleka kwabanye amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuba usululame . Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe usululame, qaphela kakhulu lapho uphatha ukudla neziphuzo, ikakhulukazi uma useduze nabanye abantu.

Kwabanye abantu abanezifo ezinzima, bangase bagule amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinkinga azivamile, kodwa azinakwenzeka.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela? Qaphela lezi zimpawu!

Nakuba kuvame ukuxazululeka ekhaya, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:

• Uma unesifo sohudo esinegazi.
• Uma unomkhuhlane ophezulu (uma umkhuhlane ungehli).
• Uma unesifo sesisu esibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuphuza uketshezi olwanele , kungaba ngenxa yokuhlanza noma ezinye izizathu, ungase uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, ngakho-ke tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha (isib. umlomo owomile, amehlo acwilisiwe, ukuncipha komchamo, isikhumba esomile).

Ngizinakekela kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela uma ngithelelekile)

Uma unesifo se-Shigellosis,Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amanzi enele.

• Phuza amanzi amaningi.
• Phuza iziphuzo ezigcwalisa ama-electrolyte, njengeJeevani.
• Phuza ijusi lewolintshi, amanzi kakhukhunathi, iphalishi, kanye nesobho.
• Unganika izingane izinto ezifana nama-ice pack (i-Popsicles®) (yize ziwuhlobo oluthile loketshezi).

Yikuphi ukudla okubangela ukutheleleka kweShigella?

I-Shigella cishe idluliselwa ngokudla okungaphekiwe .

Ngokwesibonelo:

• Amasaladi (ikakhulukazi uma kudliwa ngaphandle).
• Isithelo (uma singagezwanga kahle).
• Imifino (ikakhulukazi leyo ekhuliswe enhlabathini engcoliswe yindle yabantu, uma ingahlanzwanga kahle).

Kodwa, khumbula lokhu: Kungasakazeka nganoma yikuphi ukudla, ezandleni ezingcolile, noma kumuntu olungisa ukudla ngaphandle kokunaka inhlanzeko. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izindawo odla kuzo kanye nabantu abalungisa ukudla.

Ingabe ukutheleleka kweShigella kungenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa?

Uma usunayo, akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa akunakwenzeka, ukuyithola futhi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane e-Shigella. Uma usutheleleke ngohlobo olulodwa, ungakha amasosha omzimba kuphela kuyo.

Njengesifinyezo, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Shigellosis, noma ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-Shigella esikhulume ngayo, ngokuyinhloko ibangela uhudo olunamanzi, ngezinye izikhathi olunegazi. Ingaphinde ihambisane nobuhlungu besisu kanye nomkhuhlane.

Indlela engcono kakhulu nelula yokugwema lokhu ukugeza izandla zakho njalo nangokuphelele ngensipho. Futhi nokunakekela ukuhlanzeka kokudla neziphuzo.

Uma unezimpawu ezinzima, njengobuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane ophakeme, noma isifo sohudo esihambisana negazi, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Ezimweni eziningi, ungalulama ekhaya ngokuphumula nokuphuza uketshezi oluningi. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic.

Ungakhathazeki, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokuqapha!

I- Shigella, i-shigellosis, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, amagciwane, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ubuthi bokudla