Cabanga nje, ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungazelelwe... ukujuluka, nobunzima bokuphefumula. Uzizwa usaba kangakanani uma uthola ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo? Namuhla sikhuluma ngomjovo okhethekile ongasindisa impilo yesiguli ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo nesibucayi kangaka empilweni. Lona umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Tenecteplase.

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Kalula nje, iyini i-Tenecteplase?

I-Tenecteplase, noma i-TNK-tPA, umuthi onamandla kakhulu oncibilikisa amahlule egazi. Odokotela bawubiza nangokuthi "i-clot-buster."

Manje, ake sibone ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi ngokuzumayo emthanjeni wegazi (i-coronary artery) enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yethu, ukunikezwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo kuyama bese leyo ngxenye iqala ukufa. Yilapho-ke lo muthi usetshenziswa khona. Umjovo we-tenecteplase usebenza ngokuncibilikisa ngokushesha ihlule legazi elivinjiwe nokubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kufana nokususa ukuvinjelwa okukhulu emgwaqweni nokuvumela izimoto ukuba zidlule.

Izinto okufanele uzazise udokotela ngaphambi kokunikeza lo muthi

Njengoba lo muthi unamandla kakhulu, kungaba yingozi ukuwusebenzisa ngezimo ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

Isimo noma ithuba ongase ube nalo	Kungani kufanele sinikeze ulwazi ngakho?
I-Aneurysm (ubuthakathaka bodonga lomthambo wegazi ebuchosheni noma kwenye indawo)	Ingozi yokopha iphezulu kakhulu.
Izinkinga zokopha, izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi	Umuthi ungabangela ukopha okungalawuleki.
I-Diabetic Retinopathy (ukopha emehlweni ngenxa yesifo sikashukela)	Ukopha emehlweni kungase kwande.
Ukutheleleka kwama-valve enhliziyo (i-Endocarditis)	Kukhona ingozi yokopha okuvela ezingxenyeni ezinegciwane.
Ukulimala ekhanda kwakamuva, isifo sobuchopho, noma isimila	Ingozi yokopha ebuchosheni iphezulu kakhulu.
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki	Umfutho wegazi ungabangela ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi nokopha.
Ukuhlinzwa kwamuva nje, ukubeletha, i-biopsy, noma ukulimala okukhulu	Ukopha kungase kuqale kabusha ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa.
Isifo sohlangothi sakamuva	Kungase kube khona okunye ukopha ebuchosheni.
Izilonda zesisu noma izilonda eziphuma igazi	Ukopha okuvela esiswini noma emathunjini kungase kwande.
Ukukhulelwa, ukuzama ukukhulelwa, noma ukuncelisa	Udokotela kufanele aqaphele izingozi ezingaba khona kumama nomntwana.
Ukungezwani komzimba nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi noma ukudla	Ukuvimbela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba.

Uyisebenzisa kanjani le mithi?

Lona akuwona umuthi ongawuthatha ekhemisi bese uwuthatha uye nawo ekhaya. I-Tenecteplase itholakala esibhedlela noma emtholampilo kuphela., umuthi wokugoma onikezwa udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezempilo oqeqeshiwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi usetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, esigulini esilaliswe esibhedlela.

Lokhu kuwukujova emthanjeni, ngakho-ke imiphumela ishesha kakhulu.

Uma unengane encane futhi udinga ukuyinika lo muthi, kudingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalokhu futhi uthole iseluleko.

Njengoba lo muthi unikezwa ngesilinganiso esifanele esibhedlela, akukho nkinga 'yokusebenzisa ngokweqile'. Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi kukhona ubuthi obuhlobene nezidakamizwa, xhumana ngokushesha ne-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital , noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) eseduze.

Eminye imithi esebenzisana nalo muthi (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)

Eminye imithi oyithathayo ingase ihlangane nalo muthi, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.

Ungawuthathi lo muthi kanye: Imithi efana ne-Aminocaproic acid, i-Aprotinin, i-Tranexamic acid akufanele isetshenziswe kanye nalo muthi.
Qaphela kakhulu uma uthatha lo muthi:
Imithi yokulwa nama-platelet - isibonelo i-clopidogrel, i-ticlopidine
I-aspirini nemithi efanayo
Izinto zokunciphisa igazi - isibonelo warfarin, heparin, enoxaparin
Iziqeda-zinhlungu kanye nemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) - isibonelo i-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen

Lolu hlu aluphelele. Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, okuhlanganisa amavithamini, amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubhema noma uphuza utshwala.

Izinto okufanele uziqaphele ngemva kokuthatha umuthi

Ngemva kokunikezwa lo muthi, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokuqapha ngokucophelela.

Umphumela oyinhloko walo muthi ingozi eyengeziwe yokopha . Lo mphumela ungahlala izinsuku eziningana.

Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.

Uma uxubha futhi uxubha nge-floss, yenza lokho kancane ukuze ugweme ukulimaza izinsini zakho.
Zama konke okusemandleni akho ukungazilimazi ndawo emzimbeni wakho.
Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uphumule embhedeni, landela ngokucophelela. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphuma kwegazi okungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokunyakaza okungadingekile.
Ungaphuzi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu njenge-aspirin ne-ibuprofen kulezi zinsuku ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Eminye yayo iyingozi kakhulu futhi kufanele ibikwe ngokushesha.

Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle	Izimpawu
Yazisa udokotela wakho noma abasebenzi bobuhlengikazi ngokushesha.
Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba	Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma ulimi, nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Izimpawu Zokopha	Indle emnyama noma enegazi; umchamo obomvu noma onsundu ngokumnyama; ukuhlanza izinto ezibukeka njengezinhlayiya zekhofi; amabala abomvu esikhumbeni; ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile emehlweni, ezinsinini, noma ekhaleni.
Izimpawu Zokushaywa Yisifo Sohlangothi	Ukushintsha kombono; ukudideka; ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda; ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu; ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ebusweni, engalweni, noma emlenzeni; ubunzima bokuhamba, isiyezi.
Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo	Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okusheshayo ngendlela engavamile.
Uma kuqhubeka noma kukhathaza, tshela udokotela wakho.
Isiyezi	Ukuzizwa unekhanda elithambile.
Imfiva	Ukushisa komzimba.
Isicanucanu, Ukuhlanza	Ubuhlungu besisu nokuhlanza.

Lolu hlu aluhlanganisi yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Tenecteplase iwumuthi onamandla, osindisa impilo onikezwa ukuncibilikisa amahlule egazi abangelwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Inikezwa esibhedlela kuphela.
Ingozi enkulu nenkulu kakhulu yalo muthi ukopha. Ngakho-ke, qaphela kakhulu ukuthi ungalimali izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthatha umuthi.
Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha (ikakhulukazi ukopha, ukuhlinzwa kwamuva, umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye nayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.
Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile, izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba (njengokuvuvukala kobuso), noma izimpawu zokushaya kwenhliziyo (njengokuba ndikindiki okungazelelwe), yazisa abasebenzi bezokwelapha ngokushesha.