Ingabe indlala yakho yegilo ivuvukele entanyeni yakho? Ake sixoxe nge-thyroiditis!

Wake wazizwa uneqhubu elincane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, umuzwa wokuqaqamba esandleni sakho, noma umane ukhathele futhi ukhathazekile? Esinye sezizathu zalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyroiditis . Igama lingase lizwakale njengento enkulu, kodwa ake sixoxe ngakho kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Thyroiditis? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-thyroiditis ukuvuvukala kwendlala yakho yegilo , okusho ukuvuvukala. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini indlala yegilo nokuthi ikuphi. Cabanga ngale ndlela, indlala yegilo iyisitho esincane esimise okwebhabhathane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Iyingxenye yesistimu ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu. Ikhiqiza futhi ikhiphe izinhlobo eziningana zamahomoni alawula imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Manje, lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyroiditis akuyona into eyodwa. Empeleni igama elijwayelekile leqembu lezimo ezibangela ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo, ezinezimbangela nezimpawu ezahlukene. Into eyinhloko engabangela le ndlala yegilo ukuthi amahomoni egilo akhiqizwa kakhulu noma kancane kakhulu.

Ziyini izigaba ze-thyroiditis?

Ngokuvamile, kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-thyroiditis. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini: 1. Isigaba sobuthi be-Thyrotoxic: Kulesi sigaba, i-thyroid gland yakho iyavuvukala futhi ikhiphe i-hormone eningi ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kubangela isimo sesikhashana esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyrotoxicosis . Kufana nokugcwala kwama-hormone ngokuzumayo. 2. Isigaba se-Hypothyroid: Manje ngemva kwalokho kukhula kwama-hormone ngokuzumayo, ngemva kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, i-thyroid gland ayinawo ama-hormone anele okukhipha. Bese kuba nokuntuleka kwe-thyroid hormone. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism . Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-thyroiditis, njenge -Hashimoto's thyroiditis kanye ne-radiation-induced thyroiditis, lesi sigaba se-hypothyroid sihlala njalo. 3. Isigaba se-Euthyroid: Phakathi nalesi sigaba, amazinga akho e-thyroid hormone abuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke okwesikhashana ngemva kwesigaba sobuthi be-thyrotoxic, ngaphambi kokungena esigabeni se-hypothyroid. Noma, kungaba yisigaba sokugcina, lapho i-thyroid gland isilulame ekuvuvukeni futhi ikhiqiza ama-hormone ngokujwayelekile futhi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-thyroiditis?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, i-thyroiditis akuyona nje isifo esisodwa. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini:

• I-Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-thyroiditis.Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis . Lesi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba . Okusho ukuthi, amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasela i-thyroid gland ngokukhiqiza ama-antithyroid antibodies . Lesi yimbangela eyinhloko ye- hypothyroidism .
• I-thyroiditis ethule noma engenabuhlungu: Lesi futhi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba. Sibangelwa futhi ama-antibody alwa ne-thyroid. Njengoba igama lisho, asibuhlungu kakhulu.
• I-Postpartum thyroiditis: Lesi futhi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka phakathi nonyaka ngemva kokubeletha. Lokhu akuvamile.
• I-radiation-induced thyroiditis: Lesi simo singabangelwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza noma yi- radioactive iodine enikezwa ukwelapha i-hyperthyroidism .
• I-Subacute thyroiditis noma i-de Quervain's thyroiditis: Lesi yisimo esibuhlungu esivame ukubangelwa yigciwane. Sivame ukwenzeka ngemva kokutheleleka kokuphefumula okuphezulu , njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, sekudlulile.
• I-thyroiditis ethelelanayo ebukhali: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Sibangelwa yinto ethelelanayo, njengebhaktheriya .
• I-thyroiditis ebangelwa yimithi: Lesi simo singase senzeke uma kusetshenziswa imithi ethile, njenge- amiodarone , ama-interferons , i-lithium, nama -cytokine . Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othatha le mithi othola lesi simo, inani elincane labantu kuphela.
• I-Riedel thyroiditis: Lesi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu. Sibonakala ngokuvuvukala isikhathi eside kanye ne -fibrosis ye-thyroid gland.Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-fibrosis. I-Fibrosis ukuqina noma ukuba nezibazi kwezicubu.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yi-thyroiditis?

Nakuba i-thyroiditis ingathinta noma ubani, ithinta abesifazane kaningi. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwe-thyroiditis olubizwa ngokuthi i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane ngokuphindwe kane kuya kweshumi kunabesilisa. Luvame kakhulu nakubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50. I-thyroiditis ethule noma engenabuhlungu nayo ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Luhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lwe-thyroiditis ngemva kwe-Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu yi-Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ithinta phakathi kuka-1% no-2% wabantu base-United States. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-thyroiditis azivamile.

Ingabe i-thyroiditis isongela ukuphila?

I-thyroiditis ngokuvamile ayisongeli impilo.

Kodwa-ke, uma uba ne-hyperthyroidism ngenxa ye-thyroiditis futhi ingelashwa isikhathi eside, kunengozi yokuthola isimo esiyingozi nesisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyroid storm .

Ziyini izimpawu zesiphepho se-thyroid?

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu – Umkhuhlane ungasukela kuma-degrees Celsius angu-40 kuya kwangu-41 (104 kuya ku-106 Fahrenheit).
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-tachycardia) – kungadlula ukushaya okungu-140 ngomzuzu.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile njalo, ucasukile, kanye/noma ungahlaliseki.
• Ukuhlanya – Lesi yisimo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo nokudideka.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, hamba uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo! Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-thyroiditis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha. Bangakwazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo, baxilonge isimo, bese beqala ukwelashwa.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Thyroiditis?

Izimpawu ze-thyroiditis zincike ohlotsheni kanye nesigaba sesifo. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-thyroiditis, izimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis zivela kuqala, zilandelwe izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism. Ku-subacute thyroiditis kanye ne-acute infectious thyroiditis, kuvame ukuba nobuhlungu endaweni lapho i-thyroid gland ikhona khona. Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-thyroid gland ekhulisiwe, ebizwa ngokuthi i-goiter .

Izimpawu ze-Thyrotoxicosis (lapho ama-hormone ekhuphuka)

Isigaba sobuthi be-thyroiditis esibangelwa yi-thyrotoxic thyroiditis sivame ukuba sifushane, sihlala cishe inyanga eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Uma amangqamuzana akho e-thyroid onakala ngokushesha futhi kukhishwa i-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ze- hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid gland esebenza ngokweqile). Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi ungahlaliseki njalo.
• Ukushesha ukuthukuthela.
• Ukungalali.
• Ukujuluka okukhulu kanye nokuzwela ukushisa.
• Ukuthuthumela.

Izimpawu ze-Hypothyroidism (ama-hormone aphansi)

Isigaba se-hypothyroidism se-thyroiditis singahlala isikhathi eside, futhi singase sibe unomphela. Uma amaseli akho e-thyroid onakele futhi amazinga akho e-hormone ehla, ungase ube nezimpawu ze-hypothyroidism. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukukhula ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Izimo zengqondo ezifana nokucindezeleka.
• Isikhumba esomile.
• Ukuzwela okukhulu emakhazeni.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Ukwehla kwekhono lokugxila.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-Thyroiditis?

I-thyroiditis yenzeka lapho i-thyroid gland yakho "ihlaselwa" yinto ethile, okubangela ukuba ivuvuke (lokhu kuyindlela umzimba osabela ngayo ekulimaleni) futhi kulimaze amaseli e-thyroid. Izimbangela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwayo. Imbangela evame kakhulu yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, okufanele sivikele imizimba yethu, sihlasela ngephutha imizimba yethu. Akukaziwa kahle ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-thyroiditis zibangelwa ama-antibodies ahlasela i-thyroid gland yakho.

I-thyroiditis itholakala kanjani?

Uma ubona udokotela, bazokuhlola futhi bahlole i-thyroid gland yakho. Bazobe sebebuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nanoma yiziphi izifo oke waba nazo ngaphambilini. Uma besola ukuthi une-thyroiditis, bangenza ezinye noma zonke lezi zivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-thyroid: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola ama-hormone akho ahlobene ne-thyroid kanye namazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid. Isibonelo, i-hormone yakho evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) , i-triiodothyronine (T3) , kanye ne -thyroxine (T4) . I-TSH ivela endlaleni yakho ye-pituitary . Ivuselela indlala yakho ye-thyroid ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone i-T4 kanye ne-T3. Uma zihlangene, lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone e-thyroid.
• I-ultrasound ye-thyroid:Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukubheka isakhiwo se-thyroid gland. Lokhu kungabona izinto ezifana ne-thyroid nodule , izinguquko ekugelezeni kwegazi, kanye nobukhulu be-gland.
• Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody e-thyroid: Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Kubheka ama-antibodies e-thyroid, kungaba ama-antithyroid (microsomal) antibodies (TPO) noma ama-antibodies avuselela ama-receptor e-thyroid (TRAb) . Uma la ma-antibodies ekhona, kusho ukuthi ungase ube nohlobo lwe-thyroiditis olubangelwa yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
• Izinga lokusaphazeka kwe-erythrocyte (i-ESR noma izinga lokusaphazeka): Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho. I-ESR iphakeme ku-subacute thyroiditis.
• Iphrotheni ephendulayo ye-C (CRP): Lokhu kulinganisa izinga le-CRP egazini lakho. Amazinga e-CRP ayanda uma kukhona ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Kungaba phezulu kakhulu kwi-thyroiditis ethelelanayo ebukhali.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuthathwa kwe-iodine enemisebe (i-RAIU): Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-iodine enemisebe (enikezwa ngomlomo) emuncwa yindlala yakho yegilo. Leli nani lihlala liphansi esigabeni se-thyroiditis esinobuthi be-thyrotoxic.

Iphathwa kanjani i-thyroiditis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-thyroiditis kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nezimpawu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Thyrotoxicosis

Uma usesigabeni se-thyroiditis esinobuthi be-thyrotoxic, udokotela wakho angakunika uhlobo lomuthi obizwa ngokuthi ama-beta-blockers . Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ( ukushaya kwenhliziyo ) kanye nokuthuthumela. Njengoba izimpawu zakho zithuthuka, udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane futhi ayeke umuthi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isigaba se-thyrotoxic singesesikhashana.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypothyroidism

Uma une-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokushintsha ama-hormone e-thyroid, njenge- levothyroxine . Kuzodingeka ukuthi uthathe lo muthi impilo yakho yonke. I-Hypothyroidism ebangelwa yi-Hashimoto's thyroiditis ivame ukuba yehlala njalo. Uma une-subacute, buthule, noma ngemva kokubeletha, futhi unezimpawu ze-hypothyroidism, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza nemithi yokushintsha ama-hormone e-thyroid. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uthathe lo muthi cishe izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12. Khona-ke udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo ukuze abone ukuthi une-hypothyroidism ehlala njalo. Uma i-hypothyroidism yakho ingekho nzima, okusho ukuthi unezimpawu ezimbalwa, ungase ungadingi umuthi nhlobo.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-thyroiditis

Uma une -thyroiditis ethelelanayo ebukhali , kuzodingeka welaphe ukutheleleka. Lokhu cishe kuzohilela ama-antibiotic . Uma une- abscess , noma imbobo, ku-thyroid yakho, udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi akhiphe ubomvu ngenaliti encane (ukumunca ubomvu ngesirinji) ukuze akhiphe ubomvu. I-thyroiditis ebangelwa izidakamizwa ivame ukuhlala kuphela uma uthatha umuthi oyibangele. Udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukushintshela komunye umuthi ofana nalowo owuthathayo. Noma, unganikwa i-levothyroxine ye-thyroiditis ngenkathi uqhubeka nokuthatha umuthi. Ubuhlungu obuvela ku-thyroiditis ethelelanayo ebukhali kanye ne-subacute thyroiditis ngokuvamile bungalawulwa ngemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala engeyona i-steroidal (ama-NSAID) , njenge -aspirin noma i-ibuprofen . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa nge-steroid kungasetshenziswa uma ubuhlungu bukhulu. I-Riedel thyroiditis ingadinga ukuhlinzwa.

Ingabe i-thyroiditis ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, izinhlobo eziningi ze-thyroiditis azinakuvinjelwa . Uma unesifo esidinga i-iodine enemisebe noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yokuthola i-thyroiditis. Ungase ukwazi ukuqala ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuvimbela i-thyroiditis ukuthi ingakhuli. Uma uthatha imithi engabangela i-thyroiditis, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi nokuthi ungayeka yini ukuthatha leyo mithi. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokwenza kanjalo kungase kungayivimbeli i-thyroiditis.

Iyini i-prognosis ye-thyroiditis?

Umbono we-thyroiditis ngokuvamile muhle . Ku-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, i-hypothyroidism ebangelwayo ivame ukuba yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ingaphathwa ngokwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone e-thyroid impilo yonke. Abantu abane-subacute thyroiditis bavame ukuba nezimpawu cishe inyanga eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18 ukuthi umsebenzi we-thyroid ubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. Laba bantu banengozi engu-5% yokuthola i-hypothyroidism ehlala njalo. I-thyroiditis yangemva kokubeletha kanye ne-buthule (engenabuhlungu) nayo ithatha izinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-18 ukululama ngokugcwele. Abantu abanalezi zimo banengozi engu-20% yokuthola i-hypothyroidism ehlala njalo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela mayelana ne-thyroiditis?

Uma uke watholakala une-thyroiditis, kufanele ubonane nodokotela njalo ukuze ahlole izimpawu zakho futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle.Uma kuba kubi kakhulu, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezikhathazayo ezengeziwe , khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ucindezelekile uma uthola ukuthi unesifo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-thyroiditis iyisimo esingelapheka, futhi ngokuvamile singaba sesikhashana. Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-thyroiditis yakho noma uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Balapha ukuzokusiza.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngokwalokho esikuxoxile, ngithemba ukuthi unombono omuhle nge-thyroiditis. Khumbula:

• I-thyroiditis ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo entanyeni yakho .
• Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-thyroid ikhiqize i-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu .
• Kunezinhlobo nezigaba ezahlukene zalokhu. Uhlobo lukaHashimoto luvame kakhulu.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Ungase ubone izinto ezifana nokukhathala, izinguquko zesisindo, izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, kanye nezinguquko zemizwa .
• Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungenxa yesimo se-autoimmune .
• Lesi sifo singatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ne-ultrasound .
• Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nezimpawu. Ezinye zingelapheka unomphela , kanti ezinye zingadinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside .
• Qaphela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyroid storm . Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu , hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha .
• Uma unokungabaza, ungalibali ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha .

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uphilile!