Wake wesaba yini lapho umchamo wakho ushintsha umbala ngokuzumayo, uphenduka upinki, noma unegazi kuwo? Noma uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuchama kaningi? Kuvamile ukuthi noma ubani azizwe esaba kancane uma ebona uphawu olufana nalolu. Kodwa uma sikuqonda konke lokhu kahle, singabhekana ngempumelelo nalesi simo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko abantu abaningi abangathandi ukukhuluma ngaso, kodwa sonke kudingeka siqaphele, okungukuthi, umdlavuza wesinyi.
Uyini ngempela umdlavuza wesinye?
Kalula nje, umdlavuza wesinye yilapho amangqamuzana esinyini sethu eqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki. Ubuwazi ukuthi isinyini sethu siyisitho esincane esifana nesikhwama. Umchamo okhiqizwa yizinso zethu ugcinwa okwesikhashana kulesi sinyi ngaphambi kokuba uphume emzimbeni.
Ngakho-ke, amangqamuzana odongeni lwangaphakathi lwalesi sinye ashintsha ngendlela engavamile, futhi ahlukana ngokungalawuleki futhi akhe isimila. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi umdlavuza wesinye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa maseli omdlavuza angasakazeka kuma-lymph node aseduze nakwezinye izitho zomzimba. Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, kunengozi yokusakazeka ezithweni ezikude njengamathambo, amaphaphu, noma isibindi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesinye?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesinye. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa kwakho ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomdlavuza onawo.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Carcinoma Yeseli Yesikhashana | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luvela kumaseli abizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-urothelial angaphakathi kwesinye. Njengoba la maseli etholakala nakwezinye izingxenye zesimiso somchamo, udokotela uzohlola lonke uhlelo lomchamo. |
| I-Carcinoma Yeseli Eliyisikwele | Lokhu akuvamile. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lubangelwa ukutheleleka kwesinye isikhathi eside noma ingcindezi evela ekusebenziseni i-catheter njalo. |
| I-Adenocarcinoma | Lolu futhi uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu. Lo mdlavuza uqala emangqamuzaneni ezindlala esinyeni. |
| I-Carcinoma Yeseli Elincane | Uhlobo lomdlavuza olukhula ngokushesha kakhulu nolungavamile oluqala emangqamuzaneni ezinzwa futhi luvame ukwelashwa nge-chemotherapy. |
| I-Sarcoma | Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile kakhulu oluqala emangqamuzaneni emisipha yesinye. |
Yiziphi izinto ezingabangela umdlavuza wesinyi?
Nakuba kunzima ukukhomba imbangela ethile yomdlavuza, odokotela bathole izici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubhema. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukubhema kuyimbangela engu-50% yomdlavuza wesinyi. Njalo uma ubhema ugwayi, amakhemikhali amaningi ayingozi angena emzimbeni wakho.
Ezinye izinto eziyingozi yilezi:
- Ubudala nobulili: Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-55 asengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma umuntu oseduze nawe, njengabazali bakho noma izingane zakini, eke waba nomdlavuza wesinyi noma umdlavuza wohlelo lomchamo, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali ayingozi: Abantu abasebenza emisebenzini ethile, njengemboni yokupenda, imboni yokunyathelisa, abahlengikazi, kanye nabashayeli bamaloli, kufanele bachayeke kumakhemikhali ayingozi isikhathi eside. Lokhu futhi kuyingozi.
- Ukutheleleka njalo komgudu womchamo: Ukuba nokutheleleka kwesinye noma ezinye izimo zokuvuvukala isikhathi eside nakho kwandisa ingozi.
- Imithi ethile yesifo sikashukela: Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi ethile yesifo sikashukela, njenge-pioglitazone, kungandisa kancane ingozi.
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza ngaphambilini: Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni ye-pelvic noma imithi ye-chemotherapy efana ne-cyclophosphamide, ingozi yakho ingase ikhule.
Ziyini izimpawu? Ungazibona kanjani kusenesikhathi?
Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesinye zingahluka kuye ngesigaba sesifo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona lezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesinye | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zesigaba sokuqala (Isigaba I) | |
| Isici esiyinhloko | Igazi emchameni (i-hematuria). Umchamo ungaba pinki, u-orenji, noma ubomvu obumnyama. Lokhu kungase kungabonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. |
| Ezinye izici |
|
| Izimpawu ezenzeka lapho isifo siqhubeka (Izigaba Ezithuthukisiwe) | |
| |
Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi, bangase banganaki igazi elisemchameni, becabanga ukuthi kumane kuyimjikelezo wokuya esikhathini noma enye inkinga yabesifazane. Ngakho-ke , kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela nganoma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile.
Umdlavuza utholakala kanjani?
Uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unomdlavuza wesinyi.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Hlola igazi emchameni noma ekuthelelekeni.
- I-Cytology: Isampula yomchamo ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kuhlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- I-Cystoscopy: Lolu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokunembile. Kulokhu, kufakwa ipayipi elincane elinekhamera nge-urethra bese lingena ngqo esinyeni. Uma kukhona isimila, singabonakala kahle.
- I-Biopsy: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-cystoscopy, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu ezisolisayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingabe inomdlavuza.
Uma umdlavuza uqinisekiswa, kungadingeka ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan , i-MRI scan , noma i-chest X-ray ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani (ukulinganisa).
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ungakhathazeki, umdlavuza wesinye uyisifo esingelapheka kakhulu , ikakhulukazi uma sitholakale kusenesikhathi. Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, isigaba sawo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ukuhlinzwa
Lena yindlela yokwelapha evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.
- I-TURBT (Ukususwa Kwesimila Sesinye Nge-Transurethral): Njenge-cystoscopy, kufakwa idivayisi nge-urethra ukuze kususwe isimila esinomdlavuza kuphela odongeni lwesimila. Lokhu kwenzelwa umdlavuza osesigabeni sokuqala.
- Ukususwa Kwesibeletho Okuyingxenye: Uma umdlavuza unqunyelwe engxenyeni eyodwa yesinye, kususwa leyo ngxenye yesinye kuphela.
- Ukususwa Kwesibeletho Okukhulu: Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele emisipheni yesinye, sonke isibeletho kungadingeka sisuswe. Kulesi simo, kwenziwa indlela yokuchelela ukuze kuvunyelwe umchamo ukuthi uphume emzimbeni.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukunikeza imithi yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kwe-TURBT, imithi inikezwa ngqo esinyeni ngethubhu (i-intravesical chemotherapy) ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa imisebe enamandla aphezulu.
- Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingalawuleki: Kuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza.
- Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezihlasela izinhloso ezithile ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwamaseli omdlavuza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ingozi eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesinye ukubhema.Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka namuhla.
- Igazi emchameni luphawu oluvame kakhulu noluqalayo lwalesi sifo. Uma ubona into efana nale, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma sitholakale kusenesikhathi, lesi sifo singelashwa ngempumelelo enkulu. Izinga lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu liphezulu lifinyelela ku-77%.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi futhi udle ukudla okucebile ngezithelo nemifino. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi.
- Uma kwenzeka noma iyiphi inkinga yezempilo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukungabaza.
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