Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho, bavame ukucela isampula yomchamo , akunjalo? Nakuba lokhu kuyinqubo evamile kwabaningi, ungase uzibuze: "Kungani kufanele uhlole umchamo? Le miphumela isitshelani ngempela?" Eqinisweni, umchamo wakho usebenza njengesibuko, ubonisa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho iyonke. Ake sihlolisise lokhu kuhlolwa komchamo , okwaziwa nangokuthi i -Urinalysis .
Kuyini i-Urinalysis?
Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa komchamo uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezenziwa emchameni wakho. Ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukuhlolwa Komchamo" noma "UA." Odokotela basebenzisa lokhu kuhlaziya ukuhlola izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile nokuhlola izimpawu zezinkinga ezahlukene zempilo.
Kungani udokotela wami encoma ukuhlolwa komchamo?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezivamile zalokhu:
- Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo okuvamile: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba noma okuvamile kwaminyaka yonke, lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuhlinzekeni umbono jikelele wesimo sakho sempilo.
- Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi: Kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthola izifo ezithile ezigabeni zazo zokuqala, njenge:
- Isifo sezinso
- Isifo sesibindi
- Isifo sikashukela
- Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwenqubo: Ungadinga lokhu kuhlolwa uma ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa noma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Futhi kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukuphenya izimpawu: Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nokusha ngesikhathi sokuchama , ukuchama njalo , noma ubuhlungu bomhlane, lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekuboneni imbangela eyisisekelo, njengokutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI) noma izinkinga zezinso.
- Ukuqapha izimo ezikhona: Uma usuvele uphatha isimo esifana nesifo sezinso, lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa njalo ukuqapha ukuthi impilo yakho ishintsha kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjani? Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko!
Isampula yakho yomchamo ihlolwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko, futhi udokotela wakho angasebenzisa zonke kuye ngezidingo zakho.
1. Ukuhlolwa Okubonakalayo
Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola ukubukeka, umbala, kanye nokucaca komchamo wakho. Isibonelo:
- Uma kukhona igazi , umchamo wakho ungase ubonakale ubomvu noma unombala onsundu.
- Umchamo onegwebu ngezinye izikhathi ungaba uphawu lwesifo sezinso.
- Umchamo onamafu ungase ubonise ukutheleleka.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Microscopic
Kulesi sinyathelo, isampula ibukwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubhekwe izinto ezingenakubonwa ngeso lenyama, njenge:
- Amaseli egazi abomvu
- Amaseli egazi amhlophe
- Amabhaktheriya
- Amakristalu: Lawa akhiwa ngamaminerali futhi angaba yisibonakaliso samatshe ezinso.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dipstick
Lena yingxenye eyinhloko yombiko abantu abaningi abayibonayo. Ucezu oluncane lwepulasitiki oluphathwe ngamakhemikhali lucwiliswa emchameni. Uma izinto ezithile zikhona emazingeni aphezulu kunokuvamile, amakhemikhali akulo cezu ashintsha umbala. Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa lokho okuhlolwayo:
| Ingxenye | Lokho okubonisayo |
|---|---|
| Ubusindi (pH) | Amazinga e-pH angajwayelekile angabonisa amatshe ezinso, i-UTI, noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo. |
| Amaprotheni | Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi izinso zakho azisebenzi kahle, njengoba zinomthwalo wokuhlunga imfucuza egazini lakho. |
| I-glucose | Amazinga aphezulu kashukela emchameni ayisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sesifo sikashukela. |
| Amaseli Egazi Amhlophe | Ukuba khona kwala maseli kuvame ukukhombisa ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala ezinso noma emgudwini womchamo. |
| Ama-nitrite | Lokhu kuvame ukuphakamisa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane emgudwini womchamo. |
| I-Bilirubin | Lokhu kuvame ukususwa yisibindi. Uma kuvela emchameni, kungase kubonise ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi. |
| Igazi | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka noma ezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo. |
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa?
Ezinhlolweni eziningi zomchamo ezivamile, akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, ukudla okuthile okufana nama-beet noma amadayi okudla okwenziwa kungashintsha umbala womchamo wakho, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukugwema lokhu ngosuku olwandulelayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo. Uma usesikhathini, sicela wazise udokotela wakho.
Indlela yokunikeza isampula: Indlela Yokubamba Ehlanzekile
Ukuze uqinisekise imiphumela enembile, landela "Indlela Yokubamba Ehlanzekile":
- Hlanza kahle indawo yesitho sangasese ngezindwangu zokusula ezinikeziwe noma njengoba kuyalelwe.
- Qala ukuchamela endlini yangasese.
- Misa isikhashana phakathi kokusakaza.
- Qoqa cishe ama-ounces angu-1-2 (30-60 ml) omchamo esitsheni esinikeziwe esingenamagciwane.
- Qedela ukuchamela endlini yangasese.
- Letha isampula elabhorethri njengoba kuyalelwe umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Ezimweni lapho kungenakwenzeka ukubamba i-catheter, njengasezinsaneni, udokotela angasebenzisa i-catheter ukuthola isampula ehlanzekile ngqo esinyini.
Isho ukuthini le miphumela?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Umbiko wokuhlolwa komchamo umane nje uyingcezu eyodwa yephazili mayelana nempilo yakho iyonke. Nakuba unganikeza izimpawu eziyisixwayiso, umbiko wodwa awusona isiphetho esiqondile. Xoxa njalo ngemiphumela yakho nodokotela wakho, ozoyichaza ngokwesimo sezimpawu zakho kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba.
Khumbula, ukuhlolwa komchamo kunikeza izinkomba. Uma umbiko uphakamisa ukuthi kukhona okungajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuphelele.
Uma imiphumela yakho ibonisa ukushintsha okuncane kodwa ungenazo ezinye izimpawu, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuthi akusadingeki isinyathelo esengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, uma welashwa ngesimo esikhona, lo mbiko uzokusiza ukuqondisa uhlelo lwakho lokunakekelwa. Ungakhathazeki uma ubona into engavamile; khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde ukuthi imiphumela yakho isho ukuthini kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyindlela elula, engadingi ukungenelela ukuze uthole ukuqonda ngempilo yakho.
- Kuyasiza ekutholeni kusenesikhathi izimo ezifana nesifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela kanye nezinkinga zesibindi.
- Ukusebenzisa "iNdlela Yokubamba Ehlanzekile" kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela yokuhlolwa enembile.
- Ungazami ukuhumusha umbiko wakho wedwa; unikeza izinkomba kuphela, hhayi ukuxilongwa okuphelele.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nombiko wakho, xoxa ngawo njalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.
Ukuhlolwa komchamo, ukuhlolwa komchamo, i-UTI, isifo sezinso, isifo sikashukela, umbiko womchamo, iNirogi Lanka
