Wake waya kudokotela ngenxa yenkinga yesikhumba wabezwa bethi, “Kudingeka sithathe ingxenye encane yalokhu siyihlole”? Ngokuvamile sikubiza ngokuthi ‘ i-biopsy .’ Yileyo ndlela udokotela ochwepheshe athatha ngayo ingxenye encane yesikhumba sakho, uzipho, noma izinwele bese ethola ukuthi siyini ngempela lesi sifo. Into exakile ukuthi, asikaze sihlangane nalo dokotela mathupha. Namuhla sikhuluma ngeqhawe elisemuva kwezigcawu elikusiza ukuthi uxilonge isifo sakho ngokunembile, i-Dermatopathologist.
Kalula nje, ubani lo dokotela wesikhumba?
Leli gama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa empeleni kulula kakhulu ukuliqonda. Liyinhlanganisela yamagama amabili.
1. I-Dermatology : Lokhu kubhekisela kwisayensi kanye nemithi yezifo zesikhumba. Uzobona udokotela wesikhumba uma unenkinga yesikhumba.
2. I-Pathology: Lena isayensi ehlola izifo. Bahlola izicubu namaseli emizimbeni yethu ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze bathole izifo. Laba odokotela bangabona kahle ukuthi umdlavuza noma ukutheleleka.
Uma le mikhakha emibili ihlangana, kwakheka uhlobo oluthile lwe -dermatopathology . Ngakho-ke, i- dermatopathologist ingudokotela othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ukuhlola amasampula athathwe esikhumbeni, ezinweleni nasezinzipho ngaphansi kwe-microscope futhi ahlole ngokunembile izifo. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, umuntu ufana nomseshi ohlola izifo emkhakheni we-dermatology .
Yini ngempela eyenziwa yilaba odokotela?
Cabanga nje udokotela wakho wesikhumba ebona indawo engajwayelekile esikhumbeni sakho bese ethatha isampula encane (i-biopsy) yayo. Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?
Leso siqephu esincane sesikhumba silungiswa ngokwenqubo ekhethekile bese sithunyelwa elabhorethri. Yilapho umsebenzi kaDokotela Wesikhumba uqala khona. Usebenzisa ama-microscope anamandla kakhulu (ama-microscope alula, ama-electron microscope) ukuze atadishe izinguquko kuleyo ngxenye yesikhumba ezingeni lamaseli.
Babheka ukuthi kukhona yini okuhlukile kumaseli aphilile ajwayelekile. Ingabe iseli lomdlavuza ? Ingabe ushintsho olubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba? Amagciwane noma isikhunta.Kungemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kuphela lapho singasho khona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kuyisifo noma inkinga ngesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
Ngemuva kwalokho, lochwepheshe uzobhala umbiko ophelele ohlanganisa konke akutholile. Lowo mbiko uzothunyelwa kudokotela wakho wesikhumba. Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoqala ngokusekelwe kulowo mbiko.
Kunzima kangakanani ukuba yi-Dermatologist?
Lolu uhambo alulula njengoba ungase ucabange. Lona umkhakha wezokwelapha odinga ukuqeqeshwa okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngokuvamile, uhambo luhamba kanje:
- Iziqu eziyisisekelo: Iziqu ze-Bachelor of Science zeminyaka emi-4.
- Isikole Sezokwelapha: Iziqu zezokwelapha zeminyaka engu-4-5 (MBBS).
- Ukuqeqeshwa : Unyaka owodwa wokuqeqeshwa.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabaphothulile (Ukuhlala): Lapha bathola iminyaka engu-3-4 yokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ku-Dermatology noma i-Pathology.
- Ubudlelwano: Ngemva kwalokho, kukhona eminye iminyaka eyi-1-2 yokuqeqeshwa okujulile kule nsimu ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Dermatopathology .
Cabanga nje, lapho konke lokhu sekuphelile, kuzodingeka unikele iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10-12 emfundweni nasekuqeqeshweni. Lokhu kukhombisa ukubaluleka kwalo mkhakha kanye nokuzinikela okudingekayo kuwo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimo ezihlolwa yilaba ochwepheshe?
Udokotela wesikhumba akabelaphi ngqo iziguli. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilongwa kwazo kuzonquma ukwelashwa okutholayo. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimo eziyinhloko abazixilongayo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Indima kadokotela wesikhumba |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wesikhumba | Ukuhlonza izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivamile nezingathi sína, njenge- Basal Cell Carcinoma kanye ne-Melanoma . Kuhlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokuthi umdlavuza usakazeke kangakanani nokuthi amaseli ahlukana ngokushesha kangakanani. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuhleleni ukwelashwa. |
| I-Psoriasis | Lesi yisifo esibangelwa inkinga ngamasosha omzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi singadidaniswa nezinye izifo zesikhumba. Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kungaqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kuyi-psoriasis noma cha nokuthi hlobo luni. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele (i-Alopecia Areata) | Lesi simo, lapho izinwele ziphuma khona zibe yiziqeshana, siyinkinga nasesimisweni somzimba sokuzivikela. Lesi sifo singaqinisekiswa ngokuhlola ingxenye encane yezicubu ezithathwe ekhanda bese ubona ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba aqoqene yini eduze kwe-follicle yezinwele. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezifo | Ukuhlolwa kwezilonda zesikhumba nge-microscopic, njengezilonda ezibangelwa amagciwane, i-eczema, kanye nokuqubuka, kuqinisekisa ukuthi zibangelwa yini ukungezwani komzimba, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, amagciwane, noma isikhunta. |
Kungani ungadingi ukubona udokotela wesikhumba?
Uma unezinkinga ngesikhumba sakho, izinzipho, noma izinwele, kufanele uqale ubonane nodokotela wesikhumba . Isibonelo:
- Ushintsho kumbala, ukuma, noma usayizi wophawu lokuzalwa esikhumbeni.
- Induna eqhubekayo.
- Ama-hives noma ama-rashes ahlukahlukene.
- Izibazi.
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta sezinzipho.
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okungavamile.
Udokotela wakho uzobheka lezi zimpawu, athathe i-biopsy uma kudingeka, bese exhumana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze athole umbono. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke kudingeke ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wesikhumba ngqo.
Kungani ukuxilongwa okunembile kubaluleke kangaka?
Uma uthola ukuxilongwa okungalungile, ungagcina uthole ukwelashwa okungalungile. Kungenza isimo sakho sibe sibi kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi kungenzekani uma into engathi sína njengomdlavuza wesikhumba itholakala ngephutha njengesifo sesikhumba esivamile. Kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi uma usola isimo esibucayi njengomdlavuza wesikhumba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe isampula ye-biopsy izohlolwa yini ngudokotela wesikhumba. Uma kudingeka, ungathola nombono wesibili kuchwepheshe onjalo.
Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izinsizakalo zodokotela abangochwepheshe abasebenza ngasese zibaluleke kangakanani empilweni yethu, yize singababoni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela wezifo zesikhumba udokotela othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kokuxilonga izifo ngokuhlola amasampula esikhumba, izinwele, kanye nezinzipho ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
- Uma une-biopsy yesimo sesikhumba, lochwepheshe uzohlola isampula. Kodwa ngeke uhlangane naye mathupha.
- Udokotela wakho wesikhumba uzonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe embikweni onikezwe udokotela wesikhumba.
- Ubuchwepheshe babo bubalulekile ekuxilongeni ngokunembile izifo eziningi ezifana nomdlavuza wesikhumba, i-psoriasis, kanye nokulahlekelwa izinwele.
- Uma usola ukuthi kukhona isifo sesikhumba esibi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe isampula yezicubu ingahlolwa yini ngudokotela wesikhumba.
Udokotela Wesikhumba, I-Dermatopathology, Isifo Sesikhumba, Isifo Sesikhumba, I-Biopsy, I-Biopsy, Umdlavuza Wesikhumba, I-Melanoma, i-Psoriasis
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