Uma ungumama okhulelwe, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nomntwana osesiswini sakho. Ukuze sithole izimpendulo kweminye yale mibuzo, senza izivivinyo ezahlukene (ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke okunye kwalokhu kuhlolwa okukhethekile kubizwa ngokuthi i-NIPT. Lokhu kungasinika umbono wokuthi ingane yakho isengozini yokuthola izimo ezithile zofuzo, njenge- Down syndrome . Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusikho ukuhlolwa okuqondile okungu-100%. Ngakho-ke, abanye odokotela bakhetha ukukubiza ngokuthi i-NIPS (ukuhlolwa) kune-NIPT (ukuhlolwa). Ngoba lokhu kubonisa ingozi kuphela.
Ungakwenza kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT? Kulula kakhulu!
Sonke sizwile nge-DNA. Ifana nencwadi ekhona kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu, ephethe lonke ulwazi lwethu lwezakhi zofuzo. Ubuwazi ukuthi izingcezu ezincane zale DNA nazo ziyantanta egazini lethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-DNA engenamaseli, noma i-'cfDNA'?
Ngakho-ke uma ukhulelwe, igazi lakho liqukethe i-'cfDNA' yakho, kanye nezingcezu ze-DNA yengane yakho (i-DNA yengane engenamaseli - i-cffDNA) . Akumangazi lokho? Ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi elula kuwe bese uyihlola izingcezu ze-DNA yengane yakho, ikunikeze izinkomba mayelana nezimo ezithile zofuzo. Njengoba kuwukuhlolwa okungahlaseli, akukho bungozi kuwe noma enganeni yakho.
Yini esingayifunda esivivinyweni se-NIPT?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kubheka kakhulu ukukhubazeka kuma-chromosome. Kalula nje, ama-chromosome avame ukuza ngamabili emaseli ethu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni samakhophi amabili e-chromosome, kungaba namathathu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -trisomy .
Nazi izimo eziyinhloko ze-trisomy ezibhekwa ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kanye nokunemba kwazo:
| Isimo sofuzo | Inombolo ye-Chromosome (i-Trisomy) | Ukunemba kwe-NIPT |
|---|---|---|
| I-Down syndrome | I-Trisomy 21 | ~99% |
| Isifo sika-Edwards | I-Trisomy 18 | ~97% |
| I-Patau syndrome | I-Trisomy 13 | ~87% |
Sicela ukhumbule: I-NIPT iwukuhlolwa kokuhlola okubonisa ukuthi kukhona yini ingozi. Akunakuqinisekiswa ngokuphelele ukuthi isifo sikhona.
Uma umphumela we-NIPT ubonisa ukuthi ukhona, okusho ukuthi ubonisa ingozi, sidinga ukuya kohlolwa ukuze siqinisekise lokho. Kunezivivinyo ezimbili ezenziwayo ngalokho:
1. I-Amniocentesis: Inqubo ehilela ukuthatha isampula yoketshezi lwe-amniotic ngaphakathi kwesibeletho bese iluhlola.
2. Ukusampula Kwe-Chorionic Villus (CVS): Inqubo ehilela ukuthatha amangqamuzana ambalwa ku-placenta yomntwana bese uwahlola.
Ngenxa yokuthi zombili lezi zivivinyo ziyahlasela ( zihlasela ), kunengozi encane. Ngakho-ke, abanye omama bangase bangabaze ukuthi zenziwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-NIPT inganquma nobulili bomntwana. Uma ungafuni ukwazi, ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Ubani ofuna ukwenza isivivinyo se-NIPT?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa yinoma yimuphi umama oseqede amasonto ayi-10 okukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, akuyona ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile. Kodwa-ke, omama abasengozini enkulu yezifo ezithile zofuzo banesithakazelo esikhulu kulokhu.
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
- Omama abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala.
- Omama abake babeletha ingane enesifo se-trisomy.
- Omama ababoniswe ukuthi basengozini ngokuhlolwa okunye (isib. ukuhlolwa kwekota yokuqala).
Izimo lapho imiphumela ye-NIPT ingase ingathembeki kakhulu
Ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kuncike enanini le-DNA yomntwana egazini likamama. Leli nani ngokuvamile liyiphesenti elincane, cishe liyi-10%-20%. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izimo emzimbeni kamama zingathinta le miphumela.
- Uma inkomba yakho yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) ingu-30 noma ngaphezulu.
- Uma umntwana ekhulelwe ngeqanda elinikelayo.
- Uma usebenzisa imithi ethile yokunciphisa igazi.
- Uma uthwele amawele noma izingane eziningi esibelethweni.
Kulesi simo, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese unquma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kulungile yini kuwe.
Wenzani ngemva kokuthola imiphumela ye-NIPT?
Kuvamile ukuzizwa udabuke futhi ushaqekile lapho uthola ukuthi unengozi (umphumela omuhle) ekuhlolweni kwe-NIPT. Kodwa ungesabi. Okokuqala, khumbula ukuthi lesi akusona isinqumo sokugcina. Kuleli qophelo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo noma udokotela wakho ukuze uqonde imiphumela.
I-NIPT iwukuhlolwa okubonisa ubungozi kuphela. Ungenzi izinqumo ezibalulekile ngengane yakho ngokusekelwe kulowo mphumela kuphela.
Uma ufuna, ungaya kohlolwa ngokuxilonga njenge-'amniocentesis' noma i-'CVS' okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili ukuqinisekisa isimo ngokuphelele. Noma unelungelo lokungazihloli lezo zinto. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngazo zonke lezi zinto.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-NIPT ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kusetshenziswa isampula yegazi elula ethathwe kumama okhulelwe futhi akubeki ingozi kuwe noma enganeni yakho.
- Lokhu akusikho ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile okungu-100%. Kuwukuhlolwa kokuhlola okubonisa ingozi yezimo ezifana ne-Down syndrome.
- Uma umphumela we-NIPT ubonisa ukuthi ulungile, kufanele kwenziwe olunye ukuhlolwa, njenge-amniocentesis, ukuze kuqinisekiswe lokho.
- Xoxa njalo ngemiphumela ye-NIPT nezinyathelo ezilandelayo nodokotela wakho, kunokuba wenze izinqumo wedwa.
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