Omiyane bayasigulisa nje, akunjalo? Siyazi ukuthi izifo ezivame kangakanani njenge-dengue ne-chikungunya ezweni lakithi. Kodwa ake sithi uya kwelinye izwe, ikakhulukazi izwe elifana ne-Australia, ukuze uvakashele noma ngenye injongo. Kukhona nezifo ezidluliselwa omiyane, kodwa asikaze sizwe okuningi ngazo. Esinye sezifo ezinjalo yiRoss River Virus. Nakuba kungabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu, kungabangela ukungakhululeki emzimbeni amasonto, mhlawumbe ngisho nezinyanga. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa futhi namuhla.
Iyini ngempela iRoss River Virus?
Kalula nje, iRoss River Virus iyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa omiyane. Sivame ukubonwa e-Australia, ePapua New Guinea, naseziqhingini zesifunda saseNingizimu Pacific njengeFiji neSamoa. Lesi sifo asibikwa ezweni lethu. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi esihambela amazwe afana ne-Australia ukuqaphela lokhu.
Leli gciwane lingelasehlobo lwe-'alphavirus', okusho ukuthi igciwane le-chikungunya ezweni lethu lingelasemndenini ofanayo. Ngakho-ke, ezinye zezimpawu ziyafana. Ezinye izici ezivamile zala magciwane yilezi:
- Ukudluliselwa ngama-arthropod afana nomiyane.
- Izimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingahlala izinyanga, ngezinye izikhathi ziqhubeke isikhathi eside.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-5,000 bahlushwa yilesi sifo minyaka yonke e-Australia kuphela.
Leli gciwane lisakazeka kanjani kumuntu?
Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kakhulu ngokulunywa umiyane. Kutholakale izindlela ezimbili lokhu okwenzeka ngazo.
1. Kusukela ezilwaneni kuya kubantu: Lena yindlela eyinhloko. Cabanga nge-kangaroo, i-wallaby, inja, noma isilwane esifana negundane singenwe yileli gciwane. Umiyane uyafika udle leso silwane, bese uluma wena. Bese igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho lisuka esilwaneni ngomiyane.
2. Ukudluliselwa kwalesi sifo kusuka kumuntu kuya kumuntu: Lokhu akuvamile kangako, kodwa kungenzeka. Okusho ukuthi, umiyane ungaluma umuntu onegciwane bese uthelela umuntu ophilile. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi le ndlela yayiyimbangela yokuqubuka okukhulu eCook Islands ngo-1979-1980.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi sifo asidluliselwa ngqo kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye (ngokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ukuthinta, njll.). Ukuze ukudluliselwa kwenzeke, kumele kube nomlamuleli, okungukuthi, umiyane.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Into emangalisayo lapha ukuthi iningi labantu abangenwa yiRoss River Virus (cishe ama-55% - 75%) ababi nazimpawu. Okusho ukuthi, noma ngabe igciwane lingena emzimbeni, abaguli.
Kodwa-ke, kulabo abathola izimpawu, zivame ukuqala phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 neziyi-9 ngemva kokuchayeka. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezi-3, kanti ngezinye izikhathi zingavela ezinsukwini ezingama-21.
Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko etafuleni elifana naleli.
| Izimpawu ezivamile | Ukwanda kweziguli |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu Bamalunga - Ikakhulukazi emalungeni afana namaqakala, amadolo, kanye nezindololwane. | Ngaphezu kuka-95% |
| Ukukhathala | Cishe u-90% |
| Imfiva | Cishe 50% - 60% |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Cishe 50% - 60% |
| Ukuvuvukala Kwamalunga | Cishe u-50% |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba - ezithweni nasesifubeni, esiswini. | Cishe u-50% |
Lezi zimpawu eziyinhloko zivame ukuphela phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu bamalunga nokukhathala, zingahlala izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu . Lesi yisici esikhathaza kakhulu salesi sifo.
Kodwa into ekhuthaza kakhulu ukuyisho ukuthi kuze kube manje, akukho ukufa kwabantu okubikiwe ngenxa yeRoss River Virus.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Uma unalezi zimpawu futhi uye endaweni lapho iRoss River Virus ivame khona, udokotela wakho angase asole ukuthi unesifo. Indlela eyinhloko yokuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo iwukuhlolwa kwegazi.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-paired serology'. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amasampula egazi amabili kuwe amasonto amabili bese uwahlola. Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi umzimba wakho ukhuphule amazinga awo e-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane. Lokhu kungasithola ngokunembile lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunethuba elincane kakhulu lemiphumela emibi engamanga, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze aqinisekise noma yini.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokutheleleka kweRoss River Virus okwamanje. Futhi, njengoba kuyigciwane , ama-antibiotic awasebenzi.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukulawula izimpawu.
- Ama-Painkiller: Odokotela batusa ama-painkiller eqenjini elibizwa ngokuthi ama-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ngenxa yobuhlungu bamalunga kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Izinto ezifana nokubhukuda, ukubhucungwa umzimba kancane, kanye nokwelashwa ngamanzi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bamalunga.
- Ukuphumula: Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngokukhathala ukuthola ukuphumula okwanele.
Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Singazivikela kanjani kulokhu?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulezi zifo ukugwema omiyane. Uma uya ezweni elifana ne-Australia, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimvula (uFebhuwari - uMeyi), qaphela kakhulu ngalokhu. Uma uzohlanganyela emisebenzini yangaphandle njengokukhempa, ukuhamba nge-kayak, njll., qiniseka ukuthi uyawalandela lawa macebiso.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha omiyane: Faka isixosha omiyane esivunyelwe nguhulumeni esiqukethe i-DEET, i-picaridin, noma uwoyela we-lemon eucalyptus esikhumbeni esiveziwe.
- Faka isibulala-zinambuzane ezingutsheni: Ungafafaza isibulala-zinambuzane esingu-0.5% se-permethrin ezingutsheni zakho kanye nasemishinini efana namatende. Ungalokothi usifake ngqo esikhumbeni sakho.
- Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele ebusuku, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle.
- Gqoka izingubo ezifanele: Gqoka amahembe anemikhono emide namabhulukwe amade ukuze umboze umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Izingubo ezinombala okhanyayo azikhangi kangako omiyane.
- Gcina amafasitela evaliwe: Uma ungenazo izikrini emafasiteleni akho, zigcine zivaliwe, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa nasebusuku.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula, ungazivikela kwiRoss River Virus kanye nezinye izifo eziningi ezithwalwa omiyane futhi ujabulele uhambo lwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ross River Virus iyisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa omiyane emazweni afana ne-Australia. Akukaze kubikwe eSri Lanka.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga, ukukhathala okukhulu, umkhuhlane kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.
- Abantu abaningi abathola lesi sifo ababi nazo izimpawu.
- Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, izimpawu zingalawulwa ngemithi yokwelapha izinhlungu nokuphumula.
- Uma uya ezweni elifana ne-Australia, ukuzivikela komiyane kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa isibulala-miyane nokugqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma unezimpawu futhi uke waya endaweni enjalo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
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