Izinto okudingeka uzazi mayelana nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwabesifazane!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha kangakanani uma umile nje? Ngezinye izikhathi kuzwakala sengathi ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kuzwakala sengathi kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane bazi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yabo, ngoba izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu lingahluka kancane kunelabesilisa.

Isilinganiso senhliziyo esijwayelekile sowesifazane singakanani?

Isilinganiso senhliziyo yowesifazane omdala siphakathi kwama-beats angu-78 no-82 ngomzuzu. Kodwa lokho esikubheka njenge-"normal range" kuphakathi kwama-beats angu-60 no-100 ngomzuzu. Leli nani lingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kunezinto eziningi ezithinta lokhu, okuhlanganisa ama-hormone akho, ukuzivocavoca okwenzayo, kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila .

Ngokuvamile, abesifazane banezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphakeme kancane kunabesilisa. Isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo esimaphakathi sowesilisa omdala siphakathi kwama-beats angu-70 no-72 ngomzuzu.

Kungani izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwabesilisa nabesifazane lihlukile?

Kunesizathu esilula kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuthomba , inhliziyo yomfana iba nkulu ngo-15% kuya ku-30% kunenhliziyo yentombazane. Lokhu kwanda kobukhulu benhliziyo kwenzeka njengoba umzimba ukhula.

Manje cabanga ngakho, uma inhliziyo yakho ishaya kanye, lokho kuncipha yikona okupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Izinhliziyo zabesifazane ngokuvamile zincane kancane kunezinhliziyo zabesilisa, ngakho ukuze upompe inani elifanayo legazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, inhliziyo yakho kufanele ishaye kaningi. Yingakho izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu liphezulu kancane. Uyabona?

Yikuphi ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuyingozi kowesifazane?

Uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lapho uphumula lihlala lingaphezu kwama-beats ayi-100 ngomzuzu, noma ngabe awuzivocavoci, kungaba yisimo esibucayi . Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nesiyezi kanye nobuhlungu bekhanda .

Ngokufanayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okwehla ngaphansi kwama-beats angu-60 ngomzuzu kungaba yinkinga ngezinye izikhathi. Ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa unesizungu, unekhanda elibuthakathaka, noma ukhathele kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile ukuthi abantu abakhuthele, njengabasubathi, babe nokushaya kwenhliziyo eminyakeni yawo-40 no-50 ngomzuzu. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Ama-hormone athinta kanjani izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo?

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ngaphambi kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini , okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba ukuya esikhathini kuphele ngokuphelele, abesifazane basebenza kangcono kunezinhliziyo kunabesilisa abaneminyaka efanayo. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, lo mehluko awubonakali kangako. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungase kuhlobane ne -hormone i-estrogen kanye nempilo yenhliziyo.

I-perimenopause kanye ne-menopause kukuthinta kanjani?

Ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini kanye nokuya esikhathini, abesifazane baba nemiphumela engcono ngenxa yezinye izimo zenhliziyo (uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa abaneminyaka efanayo). Isibonelo:

• I-Aortic stenosis : Lokhu kuwukuncipha kwevalvu yomthambo oyinhloko wenhliziyo.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa yi-congestive : Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) .
• I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy .

Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yalezi zimo ifana kakhulu kwabesifazane asebedlulile esikhathini sokuya esikhathini kanye nabesilisa abaneminyaka efanayo.

Ingabe ukwelashwa esikhundleni sama-hormone (HRT) kuyayithuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo?

Abacwaningi abakatholi ukuthi ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT) kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kwabesifazane asebekhulile. Akubonakali futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezimo eziphuthumayo zenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, i-HRT ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushisa okukhulu, noma ukujuluka ebusuku .

Ingabe umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini wanyanga zonke uyawuthinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho?

Yebo, impela. Amazinga akho ama-hormone ayashintsha phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini wanyanga zonke. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho likhuphuka kancane ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda kanye nesonto elilandela (isigaba se-luteal). Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho liyancipha kancane phakathi nezinsuku eziholela esikhathini sakho kanye nesonto elilandela (isigaba se-follicular). Lokhu kuvamile.

Kwenzekani ekushayeni kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Isilinganiso senhliziyo yabesifazane abakhulelwe siphakeme kunesabesifazane abangakhulelwe. Uma ukhulelwe, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi esibelethweni sakho . Inani legazi inhliziyo yakho elimpompayo likhuphuka ngo-30% kuya ku-50%. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso senhliziyo yakho sikhuphuka sibe cishe ama-beats angu-90 ngomzuzu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Futhi, uma uzivocavoca ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinga lenhliziyo yakho likhuphuka ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.

Kuvamile ukuba nokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isibonelo, cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwababili abakhulelwe uzobhekana nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuncipha kwe-atrial ngaphambi kwesikhathi . Lokhu kuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo akuvamile ukubangela izinkinga futhi kuvame ukuxazululeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ukucindezeleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu kakhulu, njengokukhononda kwenhliziyo okubangelwa yi-diastolic, kungadinga ukwelashwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zesigqi senhliziyo (ama-arrhythmia) ezithinta abesifazane?

Ezinye izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (ama-arrhythmia) kanye nezimo ezithinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-Atrial tachycardia : Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okusheshayo emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria).
• I-Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) : Ukwenzeka okuphindaphindiwe kokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kakhulu.
• I-Long QT syndrome (LQTS) : Isimo lapho isignali kagesi ithatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukuthunyelwa ngamakamelo aphansi (ama-ventricles) enhliziyo bese ishajwa kabusha.
• I-Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) : Isimo esibangela isiyezi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo uma usukuma ulele phansi.
• Ukuma kokusebenza kukagesi okungenawo umoya (i-PEA) : Lolu uhlobo lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi yize kukhona isignali kagesi evamile evela enhliziyweni, inhliziyo ayishayi, ngakho-ke akukho ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• I-Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) : Isifo senhliziyo lapho ama-ventricle enhliziyo eqa khona ukushaya esikhundleni sokumpompa kahle.
• I-sick sinus syndrome : Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo okwenzeka lapho i-sinoatrial (SA) node, ethumela isignali kagesi ukuqala ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye, ingasebenzi kahle.

Yiziphi izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ezingabathinti kangako abesifazane?

Futhi, abesifazane banamathuba amancane okuthuthukisa izinkinga ezithile zesigqi senhliziyo kanye nezimo ezithinta izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. Izibonelo:

• I-Atrial fibrillation (Afib) : Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile esiqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria). (Okunye ngalokhu ngezansi)
• I-fascicular ventricular tachycardia (FVT) : Isimo lapho inhliziyo ishaya khona ngokushesha, okuhlanganisa izinqwaba zemicu (ama-fascicle) athwala izimpawu zikagesi enhliziyweni.
• Ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo : Isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibangelwa ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
• I-fibrillation ye-Ventricular : Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile esithinta amakamelo angezansi (ama-ventricles) enhliziyo.
• I-Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome : Isimo esenzeka lapho kukhona indlela eyengeziwe, engajwayelekile ohlelweni lwesignali kagesi lwenhliziyo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba inhliziyo ishaye ngokushesha okungajwayelekile.

Ingabe i-atrial fibrillation (i-Afib) ithinta amadoda nabesifazane ngendlela ehlukile?

I-fibrillation ye-atrial (i-Afib)Lesi simo sokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lapho abesifazane beba nalesi simo, bangase babe nezimpawu ezahlukene . Isibonelo:

• Ukukhathazeka okuvamile
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nezinye izifo kanye ne-Afib. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okunengxenye evamile yokukhipha isisu .
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) .
• Isifo se-valve .

Izifo zesigqi senhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias) zihlonzwa kanjani?

Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sokusebenza kwenhliziyo, ungathunyelwa ku- electrophysiologist , udokotela wenhliziyo ochwepheshe bezinkinga zokusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izivivinyo eziningana namadivayisi ukuthola isifo senhliziyo. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• I-Ambulatory monitor : Lawa amadivayisi agqokwa emzimbeni. Aqopha ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho isikhathi esiyizinsuku noma amasonto. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni izigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile ezingalindelekile. Cabanga ngakho, ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uphilile ehhovisi likadokotela, kodwa uzwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ekhaya. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ezikhathini ezinjengalezi.
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca : Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa indlela inhliziyo yakho esabela ngayo lapho wandisa umsebenzi wakho. Ngokuvamile, ucelwa ukuba uhambe nge- treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili lokuzivocavoca ngenkathi uxhunywe emshinini oqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) : Udokotela angase ayale i- EKG ukuthi iqophe umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Kulokhu, kufakwa ama-patches amaningana amancane, anamathelayo (ama-electrode) esifubeni sakho. Umshini we-EKG ubonisa izimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo yakho njengegrafu.
• Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiology (EP) : Uma udokotela wakho edinga ulwazi olwengeziwe ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-EKG noma ukucindezeleka, kungadingeka ukuthi ube nocwaningo lwe-EP. Kulokhu, kufakwa amashubhu amancane, angenalutho (ama-catheter) ngomthambo wegazi embotsheni yakho. Besebenzisa la ma-catheter, odokotela bangahlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwetafula elithambekile: Le divayisi ikhombisa ukuthi izikhundla zomzimba ezahlukene zithinta kanjani izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nesigqi senhliziyo. Ulele etafuleni eligobile elinomshini futhi uxhunywe emshinini we-EKG. Njengoba ithebula lihamba ngezikhundla ezahlukene, i-EKG iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho.

Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ziphathwa kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo kungafaka:

• Imithi : Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokulawula isigqi senhliziyo yakho noma ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi . Ngenxa yokuthi abesifazane banesikhathi eside se-QT kunabesilisa, eminye imithi enweba isikhathi se-QT (isib. i-sotalol, i-dofetilide, i-amiodarone ) ingase ingafaneleki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila : Ezinye izinkinga zingancishiswa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, njengokunciphisa i-caffeine noma utshwala . Ukuyeka ukubhema kungasiza futhi ekulawuleni izinkinga.
• Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo kagesi : Ngesikhathi ulele, ukwethuka kukagesi kuthunyelwa odongeni lwesifuba sakho. Lokhu kungabuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esijwayelekile. Lokhu kungaba wusizo ezigulini ezingakwazi ukufinyelela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elijwayelekile ngemithi yodwa. Kusetshenziswa futhi njengenqubo yokusindisa impilo yeziguli ezine-ventricular arrhythmias engaholela ekumisweni kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo.
• Ukususwa kwe-catheter : Udokotela ufaka i-catheter enhliziyweni yakho bese ethumela amandla ashisayo noma abandayo ngayo. Lokhu kudala izibazi ezincane ezicutshini zenhliziyo ezibangela ukungalingani, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbe ama-pulse kagesi angajwayelekile.
• Amadivayisi kagesi : Ungazuza ngedivayisi encane efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lawa madivayisi angabona noma elaphe izigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile. Abanye abantu bane -pacemaker . Lawa athumela ama-pulse amancane kagesi alawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Abanye bazuza kuma -cardioverter-defibrillator (ICDs) afakwayo . Lawa athola izigqi zenhliziyo ezingajwayelekile futhi athumela amandla enhliziyweni ukuze abuyisele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile.
• Ukuhlinzwa : Uma kungekho okunye ukwelashwa okungalawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa. Inketho evame kakhulu inqubo ye-maze . Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinza inhliziyo udala i-maze yezinsika ezicutshini zenhliziyo yakho ukuvimba izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile.

Ngakho-ke, yimuphi umyalezo esifuna ukuwuthatha ekhaya kule ndaba?

Uma ngokuzumayo uzizwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha lapho uphumule ngemva komsebenzi, ungase wesabe kancane, akunjalo? Noma mhlawumbe uqaphele ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lomunye wabangane bakho besilisa lihlala liphansi kunelakho.

Khumbula, kuvamile ukuthi abesifazane babe nenhliziyo eshaya kakhulu kunabesilisa. Lokhu kubonakala sengathi kuthonywa ama-hormone.

Kodwa-ke, uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho yokuphumula lidlula njalo ukushaya okungu-100 ngomzuzu , kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Futhi, uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lingaphansi kokushaya okungu-60 ngomzuzu, ikakhulukazi uma ungasebenzi kahle kwezemidlalo noma ekuzivocavoceni, tshela udokotela wakho ngakho. Ukunakekela inhliziyo yakho kubaluleke kakhulu!

Isilinganiso senhliziyo , impilo yabesifazane, inhliziyo, ama-hormone, ukuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, i-arrhythmia