So woahyɛ sɛnea nnipa binom de wɔn ho ahyɛ wɔn gyidi mu ma enti adanse no ho nhia wɔn no nsow pɛn? Ebia wo nso woanya eyi mu osuahu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛakyerɛ sɛ yɛn nsusuwii teɛ no, nsɛm a ɛfoa so nkutoo na yɛhwehwɛ. Sɛ yehu adwene a ɛne eyi bɔ abira a, yebu yɛn ani gu so. Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a yɛn nyinaa wɔ wɔ yɛn amemene mu ankasa. Wɔ adwene ne nneyɛe ho nimdeɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Confirmation Bias’.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Confirmation Bias?
Si so dua Animhwɛ yɛ yɛn adwene awosu mu su a ɛne sɛ yɛbɛhwehwɛ, yɛayɛ aso, na yɛakae nsɛm a ɛfoa nea yegye di dedaw anaa adwene bi so nkutoo.
Fa no sɛ wususuw sɛ, "Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anɔpa ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so afi wo da no ase." Afei, sɛ wohwehwɛ eyi wɔ Intanɛt so anaa atesɛm krataa mu a, w’ani kɔ nsɛm a ɛfa mfaso a ɛwɔ anɔpa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so bere nyinaa. Sɛ obi ka sɛ, "Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anɔpa nyɛ papa saa a," womfa w'adwene nsi so kɛse, na wususuw sɛ, "Oo, ɛno ntumi nyɛ nokware," na wo werɛ fi. Ɛno na wɔfrɛ no Confirmation Bias kɛkɛ. Sɛ́ anka yɛbɛhwɛ mfonini no nyinaa no, afã a yɛpɛ nkutoo na yehu.
Akwan atitiriw abiɛsa na saa su yi fa so ka yɛn:
Eyi ka yɛn asetra wɔ bɛboro akwan biako so. Momma yɛnhwɛ akwan titiriw no.
1. Nhwehwɛmu a Ɛyɛ Animhwɛ
Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so. Sɛ wonya nya adwene bi wɔ biribi ho wie a, nsɛm a ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nokware nkutoo na wohwehwɛ. Eyi abɛyɛ mmerɛw mpo nnansa yi wɔ nhwehwɛmu mfiri ahorow so .
Fa no sɛ wopɛ sɛ wuhu "So akutu ngo ye ma nipadua no?" Sɛ wohwehwɛ "benefits of coconut oil" wɔ Google so a, wubenya nea efi mu ba a ɛka mfaso a ɛwɔ akutu ngo so ho asɛm. Nanso sɛ wohwehwɛ "asiane a ɛwɔ akutu ngo mu" a, wubenya nea efi mu ba a ɛka ne sintɔ ahorow ho asɛm. Enti, nea wususuw kan no na ɛkyerɛ nea wobɛhwehwɛ ne nea wubenya.
2. Nkyerɛase a Ɛyɛ Animhwɛ
Eyi nso yɛ ade a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye. Esiane saa su yi nti, ɛmfa ho nsɛm biara a wubenya no, wokyerɛ ase wɔ ɔkwan a ɛne wo mfitiase adwene hyia so. Sɛ wunya adanse a emu yɛ den a ɛne w’adwene nhyia mpo a, woda so ara kyinkyim no kɔ w’afã.
Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ nkurɔfo kura wɔn gyidi mu efisɛ wɔtaa de adwene a emu abue hwehwɛ nsɛm foforo mu, sen sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ akwan a wɔbɛfa so ahyɛ wɔn gyidi ahorow mu den. Ɛte sɛ nea yɛrehwɛ kriket akansi, a sɛ batsman bi a ɔwɔ ɔfã foforo no fi adi a, ɛte sɛ nea ɛda adi pefee ma yɛn, nanso sɛ obi a ɔwɔ yɛn kuw no mu fi adi a, yegye akyinnye sɛ, "Oh dabi, ɛno nnyi adi."
3. Nkae a Ɛwɔ Anim
Yɛn nkae di dwuma wɔ eyi nso mu. Wokae nsɛm a esisii a ɛfoa wo gyidi ahorow so, nanso nsɛm a esisii a ɛbɔ abira no, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wo werɛ befi. Abenfo binom gye di sɛ saa na yɛn amemene no de nsɛm sie. Ɛne sɛ, ɛnyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛkae nneɛma a ɛne yɛn gyidi hyia.
Saa nkae a ɛyɛ animhwɛ yi ne ade titiriw nti a nsusuwii hunu anaa nkyekyem ahorow da so ara wɔ ɔmanfo mu.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, wususuw sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ beae pɔtee bi yɛ anifere paa. Afei, sɛ wuhyia nnipa ɔha a wodi nokware, wɔyɛ papa wɔ saa beae no mpo a, wonkae wɔn yiye. Nanso sɛ onipa biako a ɔwɔ saa beae no di mfomso ketewaa bi a, wokae no yiye na woka sɛ, "Meka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ, saa na nnipa te wɔ saa beae no," na wo mfitiase adwene no si so dua bio.
Dɛn nti na yɛn adwene yɛ adwuma saa?
Abenfo ka nneɛma pii a enti ɛte saa ho asɛm.
- Nsɛm a yɛde di dwuma a ɛnyɛ den: Wɔde nsɛm a ɛboro so tow hyɛ yɛn amemene so da biara. Nsɛm yi nyinaa mu nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ betumi ayɛ den. Ebinom gye di sɛ animhwɛ a wɔde si so dua boa yɛn amemene ma ɛhwehwɛ saa nsɛm yi mu ntɛmntɛm, na ɛboa yɛn ma yesi gyinae ntɛmntɛm.
- Ahotoso a yebenya wɔ yɛn ho mu: Sɛ yenya nsɛm a ɛfoa nea yesusuw sɛ ɛteɛ so a, ɛma obu a yɛwɔ ma yɛn ho no yɛ kɛse. Nkate a ɛne sɛ "na meteɛ" no ma yɛn ani gye.
- Nkate mu abirabɔ a wɔbɛtew so: Wɔfrɛ eyi adwene mu abirabɔ . Ɛyɛ adwennwen a ɛba bere a wowɔ nsusuwii abien a ɛbɔ abira wɔ w’adwene mu bere koro mu no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wunim sɛ sigaretnom de kokoram ba, nanso wonom sigaret. Saa nsusuwii abien a ɛbɔ abira yi betumi ama woate nka sɛ woayɛ basaa. Confirmation bias yɛ adwuma denam adwene mu ntawntawdi a ɛte sɛɛ a ɛtew so. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wotaa hwehwɛ nsɛm a ɛma wo nneyɛe no teɛ, te sɛ "sigaretnom brɛ adwennwen ase," sen sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ nneɛma bɔne a ɛwɔ sigaretnom mu.
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi atwe yɛn ho afi saa su yi ho?
Confirmation Bias yɛ biribi a yɛn nyinaa wɔ, enti ɛyɛ den sɛ yebeyi afi hɔ koraa. Nanso yebetumi ahu na yɛabɔ mmɔden sɛ yɛbɛtew nkɛntɛnso a enya no so. Eyi ho hia titiriw wɔ saa bere yi a atoro nsɛm ne nsɛm a ɛnteɛ wom yi mu.
Di anammɔn a ɛnyɛ den a ɛwɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no akyi.
| Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ | Mfaso a ɛwɔ so |
|---|---|
| Mfa wo gyinaesi no nnyina asɛmti no so kɛkɛ. Kenkan asɛm no nyinaa. | Wɔtaa de abodin ahorow di dwuma de twetwe adwene. Sɛ wokenkan nkyerɛkyerɛmu no nyinaa nkutoo na wubetumi ate tebea no ankasa ase. |
| Hwehwɛ adwene a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira. Kenkan na tie nea wopene so ne nea wo ne no nyɛ adwene nyinaa. | Eyi bɛboa wo ma woahu mfonini no nyinaa. Ɛbɛboa wo ma woasiesie w’adwene sɛ ɛyɛ bɔne a, na sɛ ɛteɛ a, ahyɛ mu den. |
| Bisa wo ho sɛ, "Adɛn nti na migye eyi di?" Hwehwɛ adanse a ɛfoa w’adwene so. | Eyi bɛma woanya w’ankasa wo nsusuwii ho nhumu. Ebia wubegye biribi adi a ntease pa biara nni mu. |
| Tie afoforo adwene, titiriw wɔn a wosusuw nneɛma ho wɔ ɔkwan soronko so sen wo no. | Eyi ma wunya hokwan sua afã horow a wunsusuw ho da ho ade. Ɛtrɛw w’adwene mu. |
Adwene mu nneɛma afoforo a ɛfa eyi ho
Wɔ Confirmation Bias no akyi no, adwene mu animhwɛ afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka yɛn anisoadehu.
- Akyi: Eyi ne bere a obi de adanse a ɛtia w’adwene ma, sɛ́ anka wubegyae no, wufi ase bata ho kɛse mpo. Eyi da adi titiriw bere a wɔregye akyinnye wɔ sohyial media so no.
- Halo Nkɛntɛnso no:Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ esiane su pa biako a ɛfa obi anaa biribi ho nti, yɛfa no sɛ biribiara a aka wɔ wɔn/saa ade no ho no ye. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ obi kasa fɛfɛɛfɛ paa a, yesusuw sɛ ɛbɛyɛ sɛ odi nokware na ɔwɔ nimdeɛ paa. Saa su biako no kata biribiara a aka so.
- Group Attribution Bias: Eyi ne bere a yɛhwɛ obi a ɔka kuw pɔtee bi ho na yɛfa no sɛ wɔn nso wɔ "stereotypical" su ahorow a ɛbata saa kuw no ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, yɛhwɛ obi a ɔtaa amammui kuw pɔtee bi akyi na yedi mfomso fa no sɛ ɔne saa kuw no adwene nyinaa yɛ adwene.
Ɛdenam eyinom a yebehu so no, yebetumi ahwɛ wiase no yiye, atɛntrenee, na nyansa wom.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Confirmation Bias yɛ adebɔ mu su wɔ yɛn adwene nyinaa mu. Ɛnyɛ yare anaa mfomso.
- Saa su yi ma yɛhwehwɛ nsɛm a ɛne yɛn gyidi hyia nkutoo, gye di, na yɛkae.
- Mprempren, ebia saa su yi bɛkɔ soro bio esiane sohyial media ne intanɛt nti.
- Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wubehu eyi. Te ase sɛ eyi betumi aka wo gyinaesi ahorow.
- Fa nsiyɛ tie na kenkan adwene ahorow a ɛne w’ankasa de bɔ abira. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woasisi gyinae a edi mu na ɛkari pɛ.
👩🏽 ⚕️ Nsɛmmisa foforo (FAQs)
💬 🧐 So 'Bathkoora' yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a emu yɛ den ampa?
Nokwarem no, yare biara nni hɔ a wɔfrɛ no ‘yafunu’ wɔ aduruyɛ ho nyansahu mu. Mpɛn pii no, na awotwaa a ɛpuepue wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu (Umbilical Hernia) anaasɛ yafunu a ɛpuepue esiane yafunu mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nti no ne nea tetefo frɛɛ no ‘yafunu mu ntini’. Eyi yɛ anansesɛm kɛse sen yare.
💬 🤨 Ɛnde adɛn nti na nnipa pii da so ara gye saa anansesɛm yi di? (Dɛn nti na nnipa pii da so ara gye saa anansesɛm yi di?)
Nea enti a ɛte saa ne adwene mu tebea a yɛreka ho asɛm wɔ asɛm yi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Confirmation Bias’ mu. Yɛda so ara di saa anansesɛm ahorow yi akyi efisɛ yɛn amemene mpɛ sɛ ebegye nyansahu mu nokwasɛm ahorow atom, na nea yɛte fi yɛn mpanyimfo hɔ nkutoo na yegye di sɛ ɛyɛ nokware.
💬 😰 So atetesɛm mu akuru yɛ asiane? (So atetesɛm mu ayaresa a wɔde sa ‘Bathkoora’ no yɛ nea asiane wom?)
Yiw, ɛyɛ hu paa! Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ ɔkraman na woapira wo yafunu a, wubetumi anya nyarewa a emu yɛ den. Yɛhwehwɛ confirmation bias bere nyinaa, nanso ɛho hia sɛ yɛde nyansa hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu ade ankasa.
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