'Cibiyar Umarni' ta jikinmu: Bari mu koyi game da Tsarin Jijiyoyi na Tsakiya a cikin sauƙi

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda abubuwan da kake tunani, tafiya, magana, da motsa hannuwanka da ƙafafunka ke faruwa? Ba wai kawai haka ba, har ma ta yaya ake sarrafa abubuwa kamar numfashi, bugun zuciya , da narkewar abinci waɗanda ba ka ma sani ba? Babban wanda ke bayan duk wannan, wanda ke aiki kamar 'Cibiyar Umarni' ta jikinmu, ko ɗakin sarrafawa, shine tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya . A yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan tsarin mai ban mamaki a cikin sauƙi.

A taƙaice dai, menene tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya (CNS)?

Tsarin Jijiyoyin Tsakiya ( CNS) shine babban ɓangaren tsarin jijiyoyinmu . Ka yi tunanin jikinmu tsarin kwamfuta ne mai matuƙar rikitarwa da ci gaba. Sannan babban sashin sarrafawa, wato, processor (CPU), shine kwakwalwarmu . Babban kebul ɗin da ke haɗa wannan processor da sauran sassan kwamfutar (kamar na'urar saka idanu, madannai, linzamin kwamfuta) shine kashin baya .

Idan waɗannan manyan sassa biyu, kwakwalwa da kashin baya suka haɗu, muna kiransu da tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya (CNS). Wannan tsarin shine abin da ke tattara bayanai daga ko'ina cikin jikinmu, yana fassara shi, yana tantance amsoshin da ake buƙata, sannan yana aika saƙonni zuwa ga sassan jiki masu dacewa.

Menene manyan ayyuka uku na wannan tsarin?

Za a iya raba wannan tsari gaba ɗaya zuwa manyan matakai uku.

1. Karɓar bayanan jijiyoyi: Muna tattara bayanai daga muhalli ta hanyar jijiyoyi kamar idanunmu, kunnuwanmu, hancinmu, harshenmu, da fatarmu. Misali, idan ka taɓa kofi mai zafi na shayi, fatarmu tana jin zafi. Bayanin cewa yana da 'zafi' ana aika shi zuwa kwakwalwa ta hanyar jijiyoyi.

2. Sarrafa Bayanai (Haɗaka): Kwakwalwa tana fassara bayanan da take karɓa da cewa 'Wannan abin zafi ne, hannuna na iya ƙonewa.' Wannan yana nufin cewa tana nazarin bayanan da aka karɓa kuma tana yanke shawara game da abin da za ta yi a gaba.

3. Fitar Mota: Kwakwalwa sai ta aika sako ta cikin kashin baya zuwa ga tsokoki da ke hannunka, tana cewa, "Ka cire hannunka da sauri!" Da zarar ka karɓi wannan saƙon, sai ka cire hannunka cikin ɗan lokaci.

Wannan tsari yana da sauri sosai. Ka yi tunanin kana son ka ratsa ɗakin. Da farko, idanunka suna ganin ɗayan gefen, cikas ɗin da ke ƙasa. Wannan bayanin yana zuwa ga kwakwalwa. Kwakwalwa tana sarrafa wannan bayanin kuma ta fahimci, 'To, za ka iya zuwa can, babu cikas.' Sai kwakwalwa ta aika da jerin saƙonni ta cikin kashin baya zuwa ga tsokoki a ƙafafunka, tana cewa, 'To, yanzu ɗaga ƙafarka ta dama, sanya ta a gaba, yanzu ƙafarka ta hagu...' Sannan ka yi tafiya. Duk wannan yana faruwa ba tare da ka ma san shi ba, a cikin saurin da ba za ka iya tunaninsa ba.

Duk sauran jijiyoyin da suka fito daga kwakwalwa da kashin baya a cikin jiki ana kiransu Tsarin Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi na Peripheral . Kamar jijiyoyin gefe ne da suka fito daga babban titin (CNS) zuwa ƙauyuka. Waɗannan tsarin guda biyu suna aiki tare don sarrafa dukkan jikinmu.

Ta yaya wannan ya faru? Ina yake?

Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya ya ƙunshi sassa biyu: kwakwalwa da kuma kashin baya.

• Kwakwalwa: Wannan yana cikin kwanyarmu . Ita ce cibiyar kula da komai daga tunaninmu, motsin zuciyarmu, ƙwaƙwalwa, motsi, koyo, da sadarwa.
• Layin Kashin Baya: Wannan kamar dogon zare ne. Yana ratsa ta cikin kashin baya . Yana ɗauke da saƙonni daga kwakwalwa zuwa sauran jiki, sannan saƙonni daga jiki zuwa kwakwalwa ta wannan kashin baya.

Halitta ta samar da kariya mai ban mamaki don kare wannan tsari mai matukar wahala da daraja.

1. Rufe ƙashi: Kwakwalwa tana rufe da ƙoƙon kai da kuma kashin baya ta hanyar kashin baya.

2. Ciwon Sanyi: Akwai membrane guda uku da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa da kashin baya, a cikin ƙasusuwa. Muna kiran waɗannan da ciwon Sanyi.

3. Ruwan Cerebrospinal: Akwai wani ruwa na musamman tsakanin membranes da kuma cikin ramukan kwakwalwa. Wannan ruwan yana taimakawa wajen rage lalacewar kwakwalwa da kashin baya yayin girgiza da tasiri. Kamar sanya ƙwai ne a cikin jaka cike da ruwa kuma ba ya lalacewa.

Cututtukan da aka saba gani suna shafar tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya

Kasancewar tsarin yana da matuƙar sauƙi, cututtuka da haɗurra daban-daban na iya lalata shi. Ga wasu daga cikin yanayi da suka fi yawa.

Menene alamun irin waɗannan cututtuka?

Alamomin matsalar tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya na iya bambanta sosai dangane da wurin da lalacewar ta faru da kuma yanayin cutar, amma akwai wasu alamu da aka saba gani.

• Ciwon kai: Ciwon kai mai yawan gaske wanda ba a rage shi da magungunan rage radadi na yau da kullun ba.
• Rauni ko gurguwar tsoka: Jin kasala a hannu, ƙafa, ko wani ɓangare na jiki.
• Jin jiri: Jin juyawa.
• Ruɗani da rashin tunawa: Mantawa da abubuwa kwatsam, rasa inda kake.
• Motsin da ba na son rai ba: Jinkirin tsoka mara tsari.
• Jin kasala, ƙonewa, ko ciwo a gaɓoɓi: Jin ƙaiƙayi a gaɓoɓi ba tare da wani dalili ba, jin kamar tururuwa suna yawo a kusa.
• Farfadiya: Rasawar sani da kuma girgiza kwatsam.
• Rashin sani.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ne ke duba lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyi?

Idan likita ya yi zargin cewa kana da matsala da ta shafi tsarin jijiyoyinka, zai iya yin gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don tabbatar da hakan.

• CT scan (Computed Tomography – CT scan): Wannan kamar X-ray ne na musamman. Yana ɗaukar hotunan kwakwalwa da kashin baya don duba duk wani rashin lafiya, kamar zubar jini ko ƙari.
• Duban MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging – MRI scan): Wannan yana amfani da ƙarfin filin maganadisu da raƙuman rediyo don samar da hotuna masu cikakken bayani da haske na kwakwalwa da kashin baya.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram – EEG): Wannan yana auna aikin lantarki na kwakwalwa. Wannan gwajin yana da mahimmanci musamman don gano cututtuka kamar farfadiya.
• Hudawar ƙashin baya / Taɓawar ƙashin baya: Wannan ya haɗa da sanya kashin baya da amfani da allura mai laushi don cire ƙaramin ruwan cerebrospinal. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka kamar kamuwa da cuta da kumburi.

Likitan ku zai yanke shawara kan wanne daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da kuke buƙata bayan ya duba alamun cutar da yanayin ku.

Ta yaya muke kiyaye lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyinmu?

Jikinmu gaba ɗaya yana da alaƙa da juna, don haka kiyaye lafiyar jiki gaba ɗaya shine mafi kyawun abin da za mu iya yi wa tsarin jijiyoyinmu. Akwai abubuwa da yawa masu sauƙi da za mu iya yi don taimakawa.

Don lafiyar jiki

• Ku ci abinci mai kyau: Ku ci abinci mai gina jiki da daidaito. Ku haɗa kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, wake, da hatsi gaba ɗaya a cikin abincinku. Ku sha ruwa mai yawa.
• Motsa jiki akai-akai: Yin motsa jiki na akalla minti 30 a rana yana da kyau ga dukkan jikinka da kwakwalwarka.
• Kula da wasu cututtuka: Idan kana da cututtuka kamar su ciwon suga, hawan jini, ko cholesterol, ka kula da su yadda ya kamata bisa ga umarnin likitanka. Idan ba a shawo kan waɗannan cututtuka ba, suna iya lalata tsarin jijiyoyi.
• A riƙa duba lafiyarka akai-akai: Ko da ba ka da lafiya, kyakkyawan hali ne ka ziyarci likita lokaci zuwa lokaci don duba lafiyarka akai-akai.
• Kare kanka daga haɗurra: Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Sanya kwalkwali yayin yin wasanni, hawa babur, da kuma sanya bel ɗin kujera lokacin hawa mota na iya rage haɗarin raunin kai da baya sosai.

Don lafiyar kwakwalwa

Tunda kwakwalwa tana sarrafa tunaninmu da motsin zuciyarmu, kiyaye lafiyar kwakwalwa mai kyau yana da matukar muhimmanci ga CNS.

• Hutu da Barci: Ka samu isasshen bacci na tsawon sa'o'i 7-8 a rana. Ka ɗauki ɗan gajeren hutu tsakanin aiki. Ka yi wani abu da zai kwantar maka da hankali.
• Kula da hulɗar zamantakewa: Ku ɓata lokaci tare da mutanen da kuke ƙauna kuma kuke kula da su.
• Koyi sabbin abubuwa: Abubuwa kamar koyon sabon harshe, kayan kida, karanta littattafai, da kuma warware matsalolin wasanin gwada ilimi suna taimakawa wajen ci gaba da aiki da kwakwalwa.
• Yi abubuwan da kake jin daɗi: Ka shiga cikin abin sha'awa da kake jin daɗi.
• Sarrafa damuwa: Abubuwa kamar tunani da yoga na iya taimakawa wajen rage damuwa.

Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa game da lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyinka, kada ka ji tsoron yin magana da likitanka game da hakan.

Tsarin Jijiyoyi na Tsakiya, kwakwalwa, kashin baya, cututtukan jijiyoyi, bugun jini, kwakwalwa, kashin baya