Koj tus menyuam puas tsis nyob hauv ib qho chaw hauv chav kawm? Puas yog tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau yws tias lawv tsis ua tib zoo mloog lawv txoj haujlwm? Puas yog lawv tsis nco qab lawv cov haujlwm hauv tsev? Lossis koj puas pom tias nws nyuaj rau ua si nrog lwm tus menyuam thiab ua phooj ywg? Ua ib tug niam txiv, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb heev txog cov no. Qhov ua rau muaj qhov xwm txheej no yuav yog ib qho mob hu ua ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, qhov no tsis yog tus menyuam qhov txhaum lossis koj qhov kev tsis saib xyuas. Cia peb nkag siab qhov no kom meej thiab tham txog yuav ua li cas pab koj tus menyuam kom ua tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
Hauv lwm lo lus, ADHD yog dab tsi?
ADHD yog ib qho mob hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis mloog zoo (ADHD), thiab kev coj cwj pwm tsis xav ua. Hais yooj yim xwb, cov menyuam no muaj qib ua haujlwm sib txawv me ntsis ntawm qee cov tshuaj (neurotransmitters) hauv lawv lub hlwb. Yog vim li ntawd lawv thiaj muaj cov teeb meem no.
Qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam muaj txhua yam teeb meem hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
- Nyuaj rau kev mloog : Tej zaum yuav nyuaj rau mloog yam uas tus xib fwb qhia, ua raws li cov lus qhia ntev, thiab ua tiav txoj haujlwm.
- Ua ub ua no ntau dhau: Zaum tsis taus. Sawv ntawm lub rooj zaum tas li, nyob tsis taus, thiab hais lus tsis tsim nyog.
- Kev ua tsis tau xav ua ntej: Ua yam tsis tau xav ua ntej. Teb cov lus nug ua ntej lawv teb tiav, cuam tshuam lwm tus, thiab tsis tos lawv lub sijhawm.
Tej yam no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev kawm thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov phooj ywg.
Tej yam koj ua tau ua niam txiv
Ua ntej koj thiaj pab tau koj tus menyuam, ua niam txiv, koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nrhiav kev kuaj mob kom raug los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog . Tham nrog tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus lossis tus kws kho mob hlwb txog qhov no.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tom ntej no yog ua haujlwm ua ke nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv. Qee lub tebchaws muaj cov kev cai lij choj tshwj xeeb (xws li Txoj Cai Kev Kawm Rau Cov Neeg Muaj Kev Tsis Taus - IDEA) los pab cov menyuam no. Txawm hais tias peb lub tebchaws tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem tham txog qhov xav tau ntawm tus menyuam nrog tus thawj coj ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab tus kws qhia ntawv hauv chav kawm thiab tsim ib txoj kev npaj txhawb nqa los pab tus menyuam.
Nco ntsoov tias, ADHD tsis yog tus menyuam lub txim. Nws yog kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Nrog peb txoj kev pab, lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Nrog ib txoj kev npaj zoo li no, tus menyuam tuaj yeem muajCia peb saib seb qhov kev txhawb nqa yog dab tsi.
| Kev txhawb nqa uas tus menyuam yuav xav tau | Lub tsev kawm ntawv ua tau dab tsi (sib tham nrog tus xib fwb) |
|---|---|
| Kev saib xyuas zoo | - Cia tus me nyuam zaum rau ntawm kab pem hauv ntej ntawm chav kawm, deb ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj. - Thaum muab cov lus qhia, muab luv luv thiab meej meej ib qho zuj zus. |
| Cov kev xeem thiab cov haujlwm | - Muab sijhawm ntxiv los ua kom tiav cov kev xeem thiab cov haujlwm. - Muab lub sijhawm rau kev xeem hauv ib chav sib cais lossis nrog ib pawg me me uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. - Qee zaum muab lub sijhawm los teb lus es tsis yog teb sau ntawv. |
| Kev txawj sib raug zoo | - Muab kev pab los ntawm tus kws pab tswv yim hauv tsev kawm ntawv. - Kev txhawb zog thiab kev qhia thaum lub sijhawm ua ub ua no pab pawg. |
| Kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij | - Qhia kev xa mus rau cov kev pabcuam xws li Kev Kho Mob Hais Lus lossis Kev Kho Mob Ua Haujlwm, yog tias tsim nyog. |
Cia peb tsim ib pab neeg yeej ua ke nrog cov xib fwb.
Ob tug neeg laus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv koj tus menyuam lub neej yog koj thiab koj tus menyuam tus xib fwb. Kev ua haujlwm ua ke ua ib pab pawg yog lub zog loj rau koj tus menyuam.
- Ntsib thiab tham: Ntsib nrog tus xib fwb rau hnub kawm ntawv thawj zaug thiab tham txog koj tus menyuam tus mob. ADHD cuam tshuam rau txhua tus menyuam sib txawv. Yog li piav qhia seb nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj tus menyuam, nws lub zog yog dab tsi, thiab yam dab tsi tuaj yeem pab nws.
- Hais lus zoo: Tsis txhob tham txog tus menyuam tej teeb meem, tab sis tsom ntsoov rau tej kev daws teeb meem.Tham txog qhov ntawd. Tsis txhob hais tias, "Kuv tus menyuam yeej tsis mloog," hais li no, "Thaum peb ntsia ib leeg lub qhov muag thiab tham hauv qhov chaw ntsiag to, nws yuav tsom ntsoov tau zoo dua."
- Sib txuas lus: Yog tias ua tau, nrog tus xib fwb tham tsawg kawg ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Nug txog kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev thiab tus cwj pwm.
- Qhia txog kev hloov pauv: Yog tias koj hloov koj tus menyuam cov tshuaj (tshuaj ADHD), qhia rau tus xib fwb txog qhov ntawd. Ua li no lawv kuj tuaj yeem pom seb puas muaj kev phiv lossis cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau lawv txog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv tsev (piv txwv li, kev tuag ntawm ib tug tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg, kev sib cais ntawm niam txiv). Cov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus cwj pwm ntawm tus menyuam.
- Ua tsaug: Yog tias ib tug xib fwb muaj kev txaus siab rau koj tus menyuam thiab pab lawv, xa ib daim ntawv me me rau lawv los qhia koj qhov kev ris txiaj. Nws yog ib qho kev txhawb zog zoo rau lawv.
Cia peb ua kom ib puag ncig hauv tsev zoo rau menyuam yaus.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau pab koj tus menyuam hauv tsev thiab hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Kev tsim kom muaj ib qho chaw ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab muaj kev txiav txim zoo yog ib qho kev pab zoo rau koj tus menyuam.
Tsim ib txoj kev ua neej txhua hnub
Nws pab tau heev rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ADHD los npaj lawv hnub thiab ua haujlwm tib lub sijhawm. Sau tej yam uas lawv yuav tsum ua thaum sawv ntxov thiab muab tso rau qhov chaw uas lawv pom tau (xws li ntawm lub tub yees).
- Sawv tsees.
- Ua lub txaj.
- Noj tshais.
- Muab koj cov haujlwm hauv tsev tso rau hauv lub hnab.
- Nqa koj lub hnab, khau, tsho loj, thiab pluas su.
Ib qho chaw sib cais ua haujlwm hauv tsev
Tsim ib qho chaw ntsiag to thiab huv si rau koj ua koj cov haujlwm hauv tsev. Nws yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm TV thiab lwm yam suab nrov. Tig koj lub rooj zaum mus rau ntawm phab ntsa es tsis txhob tig rau ntawm lub qhov rais. Qhov no yuav pab koj tsis txhob tsom ntsoov rau yam uas tab tom tshwm sim sab nraud.
Cia peb hloov txoj kev peb ua haujlwm hauv tsev.
Tsis txhob muab sijhawm rau lawv ua haujlwm hauv tsev ntau teev ib zaug, muab faib ua tej daim me me. Piv txwv li, muab sijhawm 20 feeb rau lawv ua haujlwm hauv tsev thiab so 10 feeb. Thaum lub sijhawm so ntawd, cia lawv khiav ncig thiab ua si (tsis txhob saib TV lossis siv lawv lub xov tooj). Tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm hauv tsev ntxiv 20 feeb. Ua li no, lawv yuav tsis nkees lossis dhuav.
Cov nyiaj txhawb siab thiab cov khoom plig
Qhuas koj tus menyuam thaum lawv ua haujlwm zoo lossis ua tiav ib txoj haujlwm. Nws kuj yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los muab ib qho khoom plig me me rau lawv. Qhov no tsis yog kev xiab nyiaj. Hais ib yam dab tsi zoo li, "Yog tias koj ua tiav koj cov haujlwm tsev, koj tuaj yeem saib cov yeeb yaj kiab rau 30 feeb." Qhov no yuav muab kev txhawb zog zoo rau lawv kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm.
Pab kom muaj kev teeb tsa zoo
Siv cov ntaub ntawv tais ceev tseg uas muaj xim los pab koj teeb tsa koj txoj haujlwm rau txhua yam kev kawm. Tseg ib daim ntaub ntawv tais ceev tseg rau cov haujlwm uas ua tiav lawm thiab lwm daim rau cov haujlwm uas tau muab rau koj tshiab. Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj neeg nco qab ua haujlwm hauv tsev lossis tsis txhob muab rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Yog koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj ADHD, mus ntsib kws kho mob uas tsim nyog ua ntej kom tau txais kev kuaj mob tseeb.
- To taub tias ADHD tsis yog koj tus menyuam lossis koj qhov txhaum. Nws yog ib qho mob uas tuaj yeem tswj tau.
- Ua haujlwm ua pab pawg nrog tus menyuam cov xib fwb thiab tus thawj xib fwb hauv lawv lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tham qhib siab txog qhov koj tus menyuam xav tau thiab tsim ib txoj kev npaj ua ke.
- Tsim kom muaj ib txoj kev ua neej niaj hnub thiab kev txiav txim siab hauv tsev. Qhov no yuav pab kom tus menyuam muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov.
- Tsis txhob liam koj tus menyuam rau lawv tej kev ua yuam kev, nrhiav seb lawv muaj peev xwm ua dab tsi thiab txhawb kom lawv ua zoo. Kev ua siab ntev thiab kev nkag siab yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
- Yog tias tsim nyog, kev siv tshuaj thiab kev kho tus cwj pwm, raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia, tuaj yeem pab tswj koj tus menyuam tus mob. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus