Ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum yug menyuam! - Cia peb tham txog Amniotic Fluid Embolism

Nov yog lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb heev rau koj, ib tug niam uas yuav yug menyuam. Thaum koj tos koj tus menyuam yug los, nws tsis yog yam tsis muaj kev ntshai me ntsis. Feem ntau, txhua yam mus zoo, tab sis qee zaum muaj teeb meem tsis tau xav txog tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj tab sis muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag taus hu ua "Amniotic Fluid Embolism" (AFE). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj kom paub txog qhov no.

Amniotic kua embolism (AFE) yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev uas tsis tshua muaj thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag taus. Nws tshwm sim thaum cov kua amniotic hauv niam lub cev nkag mus rau hauv nws cov ntshav thaum cev xeeb tub, thaum yug menyuam, lossis sai sai tom qab yug los. Tam sim no koj yuav xav paub tias cov kua amniotic yog dab tsi. Qhov no yog cov kua uas nyob ib puag ncig koj tus menyuam hauv plab. Nws zoo li ib qho chaw nyab xeeb rau koj tus menyuam ntab hauv. Txawm hais tias cov kua no feem ntau yog dej, nws kuj muaj cov khoom zoo li koj tus menyuam lub hlwb thiab cov nqaij. Qee zaum, thaum cov kua amniotic no sib xyaw nrog niam cov ntshav, qee tus niam lub cev muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav heev rau nws. Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis paub meej tias vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim. Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) tuaj yeem ua rau niam lub plawv thiab lub ntsws tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li lub plawv nres , qhov twg lub plawv nres tam sim ntawd. Cov niam uas muaj AFE kuj tseem tuaj yeem los ntshav tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm lub tsev menyuam lossis los ntawm qhov txhab C-section. AFE yog ib qho mob sai heev thiab tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tau . Yog li ntawd, kev kho nws yog qhov nyuaj heev. Nws kuj yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev kho mob. Qhov tseeb, nws yog ib txwm muaj me me ntawm cov kua dej amniotic nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm leej niam thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam. Cov neeg feem coob tsis muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau qhov no. Tab sis vim li cas tsuas yog qee tus neeg thiaj li muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav heev tseem yog qhov paub tsis meej. AFE kuj tseem hu ua "Anaphylactic Syndrome of Pregnancy".

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

AFE yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws tshwm sim li ib ntawm 40,000 tus menyuam yug. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, nws tshwm sim li ib ntawm 53,800 tus menyuam yug. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws tsis tshua muaj. Tab sis muaj lwm qhov teeb meem ntawm no. Cov tsos mob ntawm AFE zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam teeb meem uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum yug menyuam, piv txwv li, uterine rupture, placental abruption, lossis eclampsia. Yog li ntawd, nws nyuaj me ntsis los txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no ua AFE.

Cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau AFE yog dab tsi?

Vim tias AFE tsis tshua muaj thiab nyuaj rau kev tshawb fawb, nws nyuaj rau kwv yees qhov tseeb tias yam dab tsi ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev tshawb fawb tam sim no, muaj ob peb yam uas xav tias yuav ua rau muaj tus mob no:

• Kev nce hnub nyoog ntawm leej niam: Qhov kev pheej hmoo no yuav nce me ntsis rau cov niam uas cev xeeb tub thaum muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoo.
• Muaj menyuam ntxaib lossis ntau dua: Rau cov niam uas yuav muaj ntau dua ib tug menyuam, xws li menyuam ntxaib lossis menyuam peb.
• Kev Nyuaj Siab Thaum Yug Me Nyuam: Tej yam xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm tus menyuam lub plawv dhia.
• Teeb meem ntawm lub tsev menyuam : Piv txwv li, cov mob xws li kev tawg ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
• Muaj mob preeclampsia lossis eclampsia: Cov no yog cov teeb meem ntsig txog ntshav siab thaum cev xeeb tub.
• Polyhydramnios: Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj kua dej amniotic ntau dhau hauv lub tsev menyuam.
• Kua muag ntawm lub caj dab .
• Kev txhawb zog rau kev yug me nyuam: Qhov no yog thaum kev yug me nyuam raug tsim los kom txhawb zog rau kev yug me nyuam.
• Yug me nyuam los ntawm kev phais cesarean ( C-section delivery).
• Kev pab yug me nyuam los ntawm kev phais: Cov no yog cov xwm txheej uas tus me nyuam raug yug los ntawm kev siv cov forceps lossis kev nqus tsev.

Nco ntsoov tias, tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv no yuav muaj tus mob AFE. Cov no tsuas yog tej yam uas ua rau muaj feem yuav mob ntxiv me ntsis xwb .

Cov tsos mob ntawm amniotic kua embolism yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm AFE tshwm sim sai heev thiab sai heev.Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, nws yuav nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob kom raug vim tias cov tsos mob no zoo ib yam li lwm yam teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub thiab yug menyuam. Cov hauv qab no yog cov tsos mob uas yuav tshwm sim tau:

• Ua pa nyuaj : Tam sim ntawd nws ua pa nyuaj, zoo li koj tab tom ua tsis taus pa.
• Ntshav siab poob qis tam sim ntawd: Ntshav siab poob qis tam sim ntawd.
• Kab mob ntsws: Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsws tsis zoo, zoo li raug dej hauv.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem: Lub plawv dhia hloov pauv sai sai, qee zaum pib dhia ceev heev, lossis dhia qeeb heev.
• Los ntshav ntau dhau ntawm lub tsev menyuam, qhov txhab phais cesarean, lossis qhov chaw IV: Los ntshav uas tsis tuaj yeem nres.
• Kev Nyuaj Siab Thaum Yug Me Nyuam: Lub plawv dhia ntawm tus me nyuam hloov pauv.
• Tsis tswm siab tam sim ntawd, tsis meej pem, lossis ntxhov siab heev: Koj mam li pib ntxhov siab heev, tsis tswm, tsis nkag siab tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, thiab tej zaum yuav ntshai heev.
• Hnov txias thiab tshee hnyo (Chills).

Yog tias ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no tshwm sim sai sai, nws yuav yog xwm txheej ceev.

Muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim vim yog AFE?

AFE yog ib qho mob hnyav heev. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau niam thiab menyuam.

Tej yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim rau leej niam:

• Lub plawv thiab lub ntsws tsis ua haujlwm.
• Poob siab.
• Qaug dab peg.
• Los ntshav ntau dhau.
• Teeb meem ntshav txhaws (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation - DIC): Qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev ntshav txhaws ua rau ntshav txhaws rau ib sab thiab los ntshav ntau dhau rau sab tod.
• Mob stroke.
• Lub plawv nres: Qhov no txhais tau tias lub plawv tsis dhia kiag li.
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb.
• Txawm tias kev tuag los kuj tshwm sim tau. Qhov no yog qhov tu siab tshaj plaws.

Tej yam txaus ntshai rau tus menyuam hauv plab:

Qhov kev pheej hmoo rau tus menyuam nyob ntawm seb thaum twg cov kua dej amniotic embolism tshwm sim. Yog tias leej niam muaj cov tsos mob no ua ntej tus menyuam yug los, nws yuav tsum tau yug menyuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev . Yog tias AFE twb pib lawm, tus menyuam muaj feem yuav tsis tau txais oxygen txaus. Yog tias tsis muaj oxygen txaus, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam lub paj hlwb lossis lub hlwb puas tsuaj.

Dab tsi ua rau amniotic kua embolism?

Tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yog vim li cas AFE thiaj tshwm sim. Xav tias tej zaum yuav yog vim qee leej niam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis paub meej tias vim li cas nws tsuas yog tshwm sim rau qee tus neeg xwb thiab tsis tshwm sim rau lwm tus.

Puas muaj AFE tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm phais cesarean (C-section)?

Yog, nws ua tau. Cov kua dej amniotic embolism tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam ib txwm thiab thaum lub sijhawm cesarean section (C-section).

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas rau cov kua dej amniotic embolism?

Amniotic fluid embolism yuav nyuaj rau kuaj mob. Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li lwm yam mob hnyav. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov kws kho mob xav tias AFE, lawv xub tshem tawm lwm yam ua rau muaj. Amniotic fluid embolism feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam lossis tsis pub dhau 30 feeb ntawm kev yug menyuam. Yog tias koj muaj AFE, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem txaus ntshai rau lub neej. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav tias AFE yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no:

• Ntshav siab poob qis tam sim ntawd.
• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem lossis lub plawv nres tag nrho.
• Los ntshav ntau dhau yam tsis muaj laj thawj.

Ob theem ntawm kev kuaj pom AFE

Cov kws kho mob faib cov kua dej amniotic embolism ua ob theem:

• Theem ib: Theem no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev ua pa tsis tau sai (tsis muaj pa oxygen thiab ua tsis tau pa) thiab lub plawv nres. Muaj cov neeg tuag ntau tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm no.
• Theem ob: Qhov no yog theem los ntshav. Hauv theem no, tej zaum yuav muaj kev los ntshav ntau dhau uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau, los ntawm qhov txhab caesarean lossis los ntawm lub tsev menyuam (qhov chaw uas lub placenta tau txuas nrog).

Cov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau ua yog tias koj muaj sia nyob

Vim tias AFE yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob, cov kws kho mob tsis muaj sijhawm los vam khom kev kuaj duab lossis kev kuaj ntshav los ua qhov kev kuaj mob. Hloov chaw, lawv tuaj yeem muab kev kho mob cawm siav sai sai. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tseem muaj sia nyob ntawm amniotic fluid embolism, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kev kuaj mob zoo li no:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Xyuas seb lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas thiab lub suab nrov li cas.
• Lub tshuab ntsuas pa oxygen: Xyuas seb cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav nce li cas.
• X-ray hauv siab: Txhawm rau saib seb puas muaj kua dej nyob ib puag ncig lub plawv.
• Echocardiogram: Saib seb lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas.

Yuav kho cov kua dej amniotic embolism li cas?

Kev txhaws ntawm cov kua dej amniotic yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev. Nws yuav tsum tau kho sai sai.Nov yog li cas koj thiaj li tiv thaiv tau koj thiab koj tus menyuam. Nov yog qee txoj kev uas cov kws kho mob siv tau los ua qhov no:

• Yug me nyuam tam sim ntawd.
• Kev hloov ntshav ntau zaus, plasma thiab platelet.
• Tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam kom tsis txhob los ntshav (qhov no tsuas yog ua yog tias tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev los ntshav).
• Muab cov tshuaj steroids lossis lwm yam tshuaj los tswj cov ntshav siab lossis lub plawv ua haujlwm.
• Muab Kev Pab Cawm Plawv thiab Plawv (CPR).
• Muab cov pa oxygen los ntawm txoj hlab tracheal los yog los ntawm lub tshuab (mechanical ventilation).
• Saib xyuas cov ntshav siab los ntawm kev ntxig ib lub catheter rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws lossis ib lub catheter rau cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab.

Tag nrho cov no yog ua los cawm txoj sia ntawm leej niam thiab tus menyuam. Yog li ntawd, pab pawg kho mob txiav txim siab raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Puas muaj ib txoj kev uas peb yuav tiv thaiv tau qhov no?

Tu siab kawg li, tam sim no tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov kua dej amniotic embolism. Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho tias vim li cas AFE tshwm sim lossis dab tsi ua rau nws. Txawm li cas los xij, ib txoj hauv kev los npaj rau txhua qhov xwm txheej ceev yog ua haujlwm nrog koj tsev neeg thiab cov kws kho mob los tsim ib txoj kev npaj. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov xwm txheej ceev thiab koj pab neeg kho mob yuav teb li cas rau lawv. Qhov no yuav yog ib feem ntawm koj "kev npaj yug menyuam," ib txoj kev npaj uas koj tau ua ua ntej koj tus menyuam yug los. Tab sis nco ntsoov, koj txoj kev npaj yug menyuam sawv cev rau qhov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias muaj xwm txheej ceev tshwm sim, koj pab neeg kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv koj thiab koj tus menyuam.

Muaj feem yuav muaj sia nyob hauv AFE li cas?

Vim tias AFE nyuaj rau kuaj mob thiab nyob ntawm ntau yam, nws nyuaj rau muab qhov feem pua ​​tseeb ntawm pes tsawg tus neeg tuag los ntawm tus mob no. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb sib txawv nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv raug sau li cas, qee qhov kev tshaj tawm qhia tias tus nqi tuag tuaj yeem siab txog 60%. Qhov no qhia tau tias tus mob no loj npaum li cas.

Tej yam uas yuav tshwm sim mus sij hawm ntev rau cov neeg uas tseem muaj sia nyob yog dab tsi?

Qhov no nyob ntawm seb koj teb rau AFE hnyav npaum li cas, nrog rau koj keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Amniotic fluid embolism tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv rau lub cev thiab lub hlwb. Qee qhov kev phiv mus sij hawm ntev uas yuav tshwm sim suav nrog:

• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub paj hlwb uas cuam tshuam rau kev nco qab lossis lub peev xwm rov qab tau cov lus.
• Kev puas tsuaj mus tas li rau lub plawv.
• Yog muaj mob stroke, ces tej teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim.
• Teeb meem raum.
• Kev ntxhov siab, kev nyuaj siab, thiab kev xav txhaum.
• Kev Mob Siab Tom Qab Muaj Kev Poob Siab (PTSD). Vim tias qhov no yog ib qho kev paub uas raug mob hnyav heev, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev kom rov zoo los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.

Thaum kawg, tej yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) yog ib qho teeb meem txaus ntshai rau lub neej uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm thiab nyob ib puag ncig yug menyuam. Nws tsis tshua muaj, thiab nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai thiab sai. Vim tias qhov mob no tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho, tsis muaj dab tsi koj tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv nws. Cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tseem tsis paub meej tias vim li cas nws tsuas yog tshwm sim rau qee tus neeg xwb.

Yog koj cev xeeb tub, qhov muaj feem yuav muaj AFE tsawg heev . Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej yug menyuam tham txog tej kev txhawj xeeb lossis cov lus nug uas koj muaj txog tus mob tsis tshua muaj no. Lawv yuav pab tau koj kom tsis txhob ntshai.

Yog tias koj yog ib tus neeg uas muaj sia nyob los ntawm AFE, tej zaum koj yuav muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev lossis lub hlwb mus sij hawm ntev. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob, tus khub, lossis cov phooj ywg txog qhov no. Lawv tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa rau koj uas koj xav tau kom rov zoo los ntawm tus mob no. Nco ntsoov tias, koj tsis yog tib leeg xwb.