Thaum tus kws kho mob qhia rau koj tias koj tus menyuam muaj ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) thiab hais kom koj pib noj tshuaj rau nws, nws yog ib qho ib txwm rau koj ua niam txiv uas yuav xav tias lub nra hnyav rau koj lub siab. "Yuav ua li cas yog tias kuv muab tshuaj rau kuv tus menyuam?", "Qhov no puas yuav ua rau nws mob?", thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau lo lus nug yuav los rau hauv siab. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv cov lus yooj yim los teb koj cov lus nug. Peb yuav piav qhia cov no ib qho zuj zus, ib yam li koj yuav tham nrog koj tus phooj ywg.
Puas siv tib txoj kev kho mob no rau txhua tus menyuam?
Tsis yog. Qhov no yog thawj yam uas peb yuav tsum nkag siab. Txoj kev kho mob ADHD txawv ntawm ib tug menyuam mus rau ib tug menyuam. Xav txog, txawm tias kaum tus menyuam hauv tib chav kawm muaj ADHD, txoj kev npaj kho mob uas muab rau kaum tus ntawm lawv yuav txawv. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog tias txhua tus menyuam cov tsos mob, lawv qhov cuam tshuam, thiab lawv cov kev xav tau sib txawv.
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau npaj kev kho mob zoo li no:
- Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 6 xyoos: Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau pom zoo kom pib nrog kev kho tus cwj pwm ua ntej muab tshuaj.
- Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj 6 xyoos: Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog no, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab kev kho tus cwj pwm yog suav tias yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws.
Tus kws kho mob uas kho koj tus menyuam yuav xaiv tus uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam ntawm cov kev xaiv no.
- Tej zaum tsuas muab ib hom tshuaj xwb.
- Los yog, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam tshuaj (peb hu ua kev kho mob ntxiv no) tuaj yeem muab tau.
- Kev kho tus cwj pwm feem ntau raug pom zoo ua ke nrog tshuaj.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tus kws kho mob yuav hloov hom tshuaj lossis qhov ntau npaum li cas kom txog thaum nws pom txoj kev kho mob uas ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob txhawj.
Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv rau ADHD yog dab tsi?
Muaj peb hom tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv los kho ADHD. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.
1. Cov tshuaj txhawb zog
2. cov tshuaj uas tsis yog stimulants
3. Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyuaj Siab
Tam sim no cia peb tham txog txhua hom no nyias muaj nyias, kom meej.
Cia peb tham txog cov tshuaj stimulants ua ntej.
Feem ntau, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pib muab hom tshuaj no rau koj tus menyuam noj tsawg tsawg. Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj uas tau sim zoo rau ADHD ntev lawm. Lawv tuaj yeem pab tau zoo rau cov menyuam uas muaj teeb meem nrog kev kawm ntawv, kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev, lossis kev sib raug zoo.
Txawm hais tias cov no hu ua "stimulants," noj lawv tsis ua rau tus menyuam yaus ua phem dua. Qhov tseeb, qhov txawv tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj no pab kom tus menyuam tsom ntsoov rau thiab tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam tsis tsim nyog .
Cov tshuaj stimulant
Nov yog qee cov piv txwv ntawm hom tshuaj no. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ib qho ntawm cov no. (Tsis yog txhua hom tshuaj no yuav muaj nyob rau hauv Sri Lanka, tab sis cov no yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv thoob ntiaj teb.)
| Lub Npe Tshuaj General | Cov Npe Hom Lag Luam |
|---|---|
| Amphetamine | Adderall, Adderall XR, Adzenys XR-ODT |
| Dexmethylphenidate tshuaj | Focalin, Focalin XR |
| Lisdexamfetamine | Vyvanse |
| Methylphenidate | Concerta, Daytrana, Jornay, Ritalin |
| serdexmethylphenidate/ dexmethylphenidate | Azstarys |
Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj no kuj txawv.
Cov tshuaj txhawb zog no kuj muab faib ua ntau pawg raws li lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
- Ua haujlwm luv luv:Cov no ua haujlwm sai thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev sai sai. Yog li koj yuav tsum noj lawv ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub. Feem ntau lawv kav ntev li 4 teev.
- Ua haujlwm nruab nrab: Cov no ua haujlwm ntev dua ob peb teev dua li cov ua haujlwm luv luv.
- Ua haujlwm ntev: Hom tshuaj no feem ntau noj ib zaug ib hnub. Nws tuaj yeem kav ntev li 8-12 teev. Cov no yooj yim heev rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv vim tias lawv tuaj yeem muab ib zaug thaum sawv ntxov kom npog tag nrho hnub.
Tseem ceeb heev: Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj lwm yam mob (piv txwv li kab mob plawv), lossis yog tias leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm ntawm cov mob zoo li no, koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txhua yam ua ntej muab cov tshuaj no.
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb cov tshuaj uas tsis yog stimulants yog dab tsi.
Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas tsis ua rau koj lub siab xav ntau dhau. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab koj tus menyuam kom tsom ntsoov thiab tswj tau lub siab xav. Yog tias cov tshuaj uas ua rau koj lub siab xav ntau dhau tsis ua haujlwm rau koj tus menyuam, lossis yog tias lawv ua rau muaj kev phiv loj heev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj uas tsis ua rau koj lub siab xav ntau dhau.
Qee zaum cov tshuaj no kuj muab ntxiv rau cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub cev muaj zog. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias thaum muab li no, kev kho mob yuav zoo dua.
| Cov tshuaj tsis yog tshuaj stimulant tau pom zoo rau ADHD | |
|---|---|
| Atomoxetine | (Strattera) |
| Clonidine hydrochloride ER | (Kapvay) |
| Guanfacine ER | (Intuniv) |
| Viloxazine | (Qelbree) |
- Atomoxetine (Strattera):Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom muaj ntau yam tshuaj hu ua norepinephrine hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no pab txo tus menyuam txoj kev ua ub ua no ntau dhau thiab tus cwj pwm tsis xav ua.
- Clonidine thiab Guanfacine: Cov tshuaj no tau tsim los kho cov ntshav siab, tab sis lawv kuj cuam tshuam rau qee cov tshuaj receptors hauv lub hlwb, pab tswj tus menyuam lub cim xeeb, kev mloog zoo, kev ua tsis taus pa, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau.
Cov tshuaj antidepressants muab rau hauv cov xwm txheej twg?
Tej tus menyuam uas muaj ADHD kuj tseem yuav muaj lwm yam mob hlwb, xws li kev nyuaj siab. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj antidepressant nrog rau tshuaj uas ua rau lub hlwb ua haujlwm zoo.
Cov tshuaj no tsis tau pom zoo rau ADHD, tab sis kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias lawv tuaj yeem pab tswj cov tsos mob xws li hyperactivity thiab kev ua phem.
- Bupropion (Wellbutrin): Qhov no pab txhim kho lub siab ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ADHD thiab kev nyuaj siab.
- Imipramine (Tofranil) thiab Nortriptyline (Pamelor): Cov no yog cov tshuaj antidepressants qub dua. Lawv cuam tshuam rau cov neurotransmitters hauv lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tshua siv tam sim no vim muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim.
- Venlafaxine (Effexor): Qhov no siv tau rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis teeb meem kev puas siab puas ntsws nrog rau ADHD.
Paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj.
Ntau yam tshuaj rau ADHD tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim, yog li ua ntej koj tus menyuam pib noj tshuaj twg los xij, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab yam koj yuav tsum paub txog.
Yog koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv txawv txawv hauv koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm thaum noj tshuaj, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias cov tshuaj zoo li tsis ua haujlwm zoo lossis yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim zoo li ntau dhau.
Tsis txhob tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam yam tsis tau nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev.
Lwm yam mob uas yuav tshwm sim nrog ADHD
Muaj ntau tus menyuam uas muaj ADHD kuj muaj ib lossis ntau yam mob, xws li kev nyuaj siab lossis kev ntxhov siab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho ob qho tib si tib lub sijhawm. Qee zaum, tib yam tshuaj tuaj yeem tswj tau ob qho tib si. Yog li ntawd, qhib siab thiab ncaj ncees nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv uas koj pom hauv koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev kho mob ADHD yog ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab haum rau txhua tus menyuam. Yam uas ua haujlwm rau ib tus menyuam tej zaum yuav tsis ua haujlwm rau lwm tus.
- Kev siv tshuaj tsuas yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev npaj kho mob xwb. Feem ntau siv tau zoo tshaj plaws ua ke nrog kev kho tus cwj pwm.
- Muaj peb hom tshuaj tseem ceeb uas siv (Cov tshuaj ua kom lub siab tus, Cov tshuaj tsis ua kom lub siab tus, Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab). Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv hom tshuaj uas haum rau koj tus menyuam tshaj plaws.
- Nco ntsoov nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob tham txog seb lawv cov tshuaj ua haujlwm li cas thiab seb puas muaj kev phiv. Qhov koj pom yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim txoj kev npaj kho mob.
- Tsis txhob hloov lossis tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus