Urothelial Carcinoma chu eng nge ni? Chipchiar takin sawi ila!

I zun chhungah thisen i hmu tawh em? A nih loh leh hnungzang na emaw, hah reng emaw i nei em? Chûngte chu ngaihtuahawm vak lo angin lang mah se, a châng chuan zun kawng aṭanga cancer lo awm chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Chutiang cancer chi khat chu Urothelial Carcinoma a ni a , a then chuan Transitional Carcinoma an ti bawk . Vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar deuhin kan sawi dawn a ni , kan thianpa nen kan inbia ang maiin.

Urothelial Carcinoma chu eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin...

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Urothelial Carcinoma hi cancer a ni a , chu chu i zun kawng thenkhat line-tu urothelium an tih tissue atanga intan a ni. Kan taksa chhunga taksa peng thenkhat chhungril lam (inner lining) angin han ngaihtuah teh. Chutiang tissue pakhat chu urothelium hi a ni. Bladder, kidney (a bik takin renal pelvis), leh ureter-ah te a awm ber. Bladder cancer 90% leh kidney cancer 7% chu urothelial cancer a ni tih i hria em? An pahnih symptoms hi a inang hle. A tha ber chu heng cancer te hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawl leh tihdam a awlsam zawk a ni . Mahse, a chang chuan an lo lang leh thei. Chuvang chuan hei hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

He cancer hian engtin nge kan taksa a nghawng?

Urothelial cancer hian i bladder leh kidney a nghawng dan hi a inang lo deuh thei.

Urothelial cancer a awm a, chu chu a chhuak thei lo

I bladder hi sac ang chi organ te tak te a ni. I hip ruh inkar, i urethra chung leh i kal hnuaiah a awm a ni. I kal atanga zun chu he bladder ah hian a khawlkhawm thin. Bladder chhungah hian a hmaa kan sawi tawh tissue urothelium an tih chu a inzawm tlat a ni. He tissue chhunga cell te hi i bladder a zun a khat chuan an inzawm khawm thei a, a zun a chhuah chuan an inzawm khawm thei bawk. (I bladder hian a tlangpuiin zun cup hnih vel a keng thei a ni.) Bladder cancer i neih hian he urothelium chhunga cell te hi a danglamin an inthen a, i bladder chhung lam layer atang hian layer dang ah an darh thin. A châng chuan, heng cell pangngai lote hian i bladder bangte chu an tichhia a, a chhehvêla thau tissue-ah an lut thei bawk. He cancer hi enkawl loh chuan bladder wall kaltlangin a bul hnaia lymph node-ah a darh thei a, chuta tang chuan ruh, lung leh thin ang chi hmun dangah a darh thei bawk. Bladder cancer hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• High-grade urothelial cancer : Hei hi a hlauhawm deuh. Enkawlna nei pawhin a lo let leh a rinawm zawk. Bladder muscle layer, taksa peng dang, lehLymph node ah a darh thei .
• Low-grade urothelial cancer: Hei pawh hi a lo kir leh thei a, mahse bladder muscle layer emaw taksa peng dangah emaw a darh a rinawm loh hle.

Urothelial cancer avanga kal (kidney) a awm

A tlangpuiin kal (kidney) pahnih kan nei thin. Bean ang chi taksa peng pahnih ang mai an ni a, rib cage hnuai lam chiah leh pum hnung lamah an awm a ni. Kidney hian thisen atanga bawlhhlawh leh toxins te chu a filter a, zun a siam thin. He zun hi kal lai takah a khawlkhawm a , chu chu renal pelvis an ti a . Chuta tang chuan zun chu tube sei takah a kal thla a, chu chuan kal leh bladder a thlunzawm a ni. He tube hi ureter an ti a . Kidney ang bawkin renal pelvis leh ureter pawh hi urothelial tissue in a inzawm tlat a ni. Kidney cancer hi urothelial cell pangngai lo te an lo thang lian a, kidney, renal pelvis emaw ureter-ah tumor an siam hian a awm thin. Kidney cancer hi taksa peng dang emaw tissue dang emaw ah pawh a darh thei bawk.

He cancer hi tute nge vei tam ber?

Bladder cancer hi America rama cancer awm tam ber parukna a ni. Tin, bladder cancer zinga 90% chu urothelial cancer a ni. Hmeichhia aiin mipa hian bladder cancer an vei tam zawk hi a let li velin an tam zawk a ni . Kidney cancer hi cancer tam ber pariatna a ni. Kidney cancer zinga 7% vel chu urothelial cancer a ni. Kum 65 leh 74 inkar ah a awm tam ber a , mipa hian he natna hi a let hnih in an vei tam zawk.

Urothelial cancer chhinchhiahna ber chu eng nge ni?

Urothelial cancer hian a tir lamah chuan symptom a nei lo mai thei. Mahse, zun chhunga thisen (hematuria) hi a lan chhuah hmasak ber a ni tlangpui. Zun-a thisen i hmuh emaw, heng symptom dang emaw i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni :

• Back pain awm reng .
• Chauhna, hahna .
• Chhan awm lova thinrim .
• Zun laiin natna ( dysuria ).
• Kidney awmna hmunah chuan tumor ang maiin a lang.
• Ka khawsik tlem ka nei a.

Eng thilin nge he cancer hi a thlen?

Medical zirchiangtute chuan bladder leh kidney-a urothelial cancer thlentu hi eng nge ni tih chiang takin an la hre lo. Mahse, risk factor tlangpui engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a:

• Cigarette zuk: Cigarette zu thinte hian zun kawng (urinary system)-ah urothelial cancer an vei theihna a sang zawk.Cancer vei theihna chance a sang hle. Hei hi risk factor ber a ni.
• Chemical thenkhat nena inzawmna: Zirna hrang hrangah chuan dye thenkhat, rubber, savun thil siamna hmuna hnathawkte, paint, puan thenkhat, leh sam styling products siamna hmuna hnathawkte chuan he cancer hi an vei theihna a sang hle tih a tarlang.

Doctor-te hian engtin nge he cancer hi an hriat theih?

Doctor-te chuan heng test te hi bladder leh kidney cancer te hriatchhuah nan an hmang a, chung zingah chuan urothelial cancer pawh a tel:

• Urinalysis: I zun rawng, sugar, protein, thisen leh bacteria te enfiahna test a ni.
• Urine cytology: I zun sample lak a ni a, microscope hmangin cell pangngai lo awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni. Kidney, bladder, urethra-ah cancer i neih chuan i zun chhungah cancer cell a awm thei.
• Intravenous pyelogram (IVP): Hei hi X-ray test hrang hrang a ni. Kidney, ureter, leh bladder-a cancer awm leh awm loh enfiah nan tih a ni. Doctor te chuan i thisen zam chhungah tui bik (contrast dye) an inject thin. Tichuan, chu tui chu i kal, ureter leh i bladder kal tlanga a kal laiin X-ray lak a ni a, blockage a awm leh awm loh en a ni.
• Ureteroscopy: Tube ang chi hmanrua te tak te (camera leh light nei) chu urethra kaltlangin ureter leh renal pelvis chhung en turin an kalpui thin. Tissue sample lak nan pawh hman a ni.
• CT scan (Computed tomography - CT scan): X-ray machine nena inzawm computer chuan taksa peng hrang hrang chipchiar takin a thlalak a la thin.
• Ultrasound: High-energy sound wave (ultrasound) chu taksa chhunga tissue hrang hrangah thawn a ni a, a lo kir leh echo te chu thlalak (sonogram) siam nan hman a ni. Abdominal ultrasound hmangin renal pelvis leh ureter cancer a awm tih hriat theih a ni.
• MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI): Magnet, radio wave leh computer hmangin taksa chhunga hmun hrang hrang, pelvic cavity ang chi te chipchiar taka thlalak a la thin.

Cancer staging tih hi eng nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan cancer staging system hmangin enkawlna an ruahman a, a hmalam hun tur an zirchiang bawk. Hei hian cancer a lo thang lian zel theih dan leh a darh theih dan a sawifiah a ni.

Staging cancer hi thil buaithlak tak a ni. I dinhmun chu letter leh number tlemte hmanga formula-a dah ang maia i hriat chuan hlauhawm leh buaithlak tak a ni thei. Chutiang chu hriatthiam theih a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i chiang lo emaw, i hlauthawng emaw a nih chuan i doctor hnenah he system hi i dinhmunah engtin nge a hman tih sawifiah turin hrilh rawh.

Bladder cancer stage hrang hrang

Bladder cancer hi a tir lamah (bladder lining-ah chauh a innghat) emaw, a hmasawn (bladder wall-ah a lut a, a bul hnaia taksa peng emaw lymph node-ah a darh tawh) emaw pawh a ni thei. Bladder cancer stage hrang hrangte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Stage I: Cancer hi bladder lining emaw a hnuaia connective tissue emaw-ah chauh a awm a. Bladder-a main muscle wall-ah a darh lo.
• Stage II: Cancer hi bladder muscular wall-ah a darh tawh a.
• Stage III: Cancer hi bladder muscle atanga pawn lama thau tissue-ah a darh tawh a.
• Stage IV: Cancer hi bladder atanga lymph node, taksa peng dang emaw ruh thlengin a darh tawh a ni.

Doctor-te chuan bladder cancer hi noninvasive , non-muscle-invasive , emaw muscle-invasive tiin an classified bawk.

• Noninvasive: Hetiang a nih chuan cancer hi tissue hmun tlemteah chauh a awm thei a, a nih loh leh bladder chung lamah chauh a awm thei bawk.
• Non-muscle-invasive: Hetiang a nih chuan cancer hi bladder chhung thuk takah a lut tawh a, mahse muscle-ah a darh lo.
• Muscle-invasive: Hetiang a nih chuan cancer hi bladder wall muscle-ah a darh tawh a, bladder pawn lama thau layer-ah emaw, taksa peng hrang hrang tissue-ah emaw a darh thei a ni.

Kidney cancer stage hrang hrang

Kidney cancer hi cancer cell chi hrang hrang a zirin staged a ni lo. Kidney cancer zinga 7% vel chu urothelial cancer a ni. Kidney cancer leh renal pelvis/ureter cancer te hi stage hrang hrangah an awm a.

• Stage I: Cancer hi kal piah lamah a darh lo.
• Stage II: Cancer hi a lo thang lian tawh a, mahse kal piah lamah a darh lo.
• Stage III: Cancer hi kal atanga thisen kalna kawng lian ber ber - renal vein leh inferior vena cava-ah emaw, kal vel tissue-ah emaw, a bul hnaia lymph node-ah emaw a darh tawh a ni.
• Stage IV: Cancer hi adrenal gland (kidney chunga awm gland te tak te), lymph node hla tak takah emaw, taksa peng dang emaw thlengin a darh tawh a ni.

Renal pelvis leh ureter cancer stage hrang hrang

• Stage 0: Renal pelvis emaw ureter emaw lining-ah hian cell pangngai lo a awm a. Hei hi papillary carcinoma emaw carcinoma in situ emaw an ti bawk.
• Stage I (Stage 1): Cancer hi renal pelvis leh/ emaw ureter chhung lam layer kaltlangin connective tissue layer-ah a darh tawh a ni.
• Stage II-na chu:Cancer hi connective tissue kaltlangin renal pelvis leh/ emaw ureter muscle layer-ah a darh tawh a ni.
• Stage IV: (Hetah hian Stage III hi sawi a ni lo a, mahse II leh IV inkar a ni tlangpui a, chu chuan a bul hnaia awmte a darh tih a tilang) Cancer hi a bul hnaia taksa peng hrang hrang, lymph node pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, kal vel thau layer emaw, taksa peng hla tak tak, lung, thin emaw, ruh emaw thlengin a darh tawh a ni.

Doctor-te hian engtin nge urothelial cancer hi an enkawl?

Enkawl dan hi bladder, kidney, renal pelvis leh ureter-a urothelial cancer awmna hmun azirin a inang lo.

Bladder cancer enkawlna a ni

Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu:

• Surgery: Surgeon-te chuan cancer tumor chu an la chhuak emaw, high-energy electric current hmangin an hal vek emaw a ni. Hei hi electrocautery (fulguration) an ti a.
• Chemotherapy: Damdawi hi cancer cell tihchhiat nan pek thin a ni.
• Immunotherapy: Cancer do turin i taksa ngeia immune system a tichak a.
• Radiation therapy: Cancer cell tihchhiat nan high-energy rays a hmang thin.
• Targeted therapy: Cancer cells te tihpunna tura puitu molecule bik target tu damdawi.

Kidney cancer enkawl dan tur

Damdawi thenkhat chu kidney cancer tan pawh bladder cancer tan pawh hman a ni. Tin, heng enkawlnate hi hman theih a ni bawk:

• Surgery: Kal cancer awmna hmun chauh lakchhuah theih a ni a, a nih loh leh kal pumpui pawh lakchhuah theih a ni bawk.
• Cryoablation: Cancer cell tihchhiat nan khaw lum nasa tak a hmang.
• Radiofrequency ablation: Radio wave hmanga cancer cell lum leh tihchhiat a ni.

Renal pelvis leh/ emaw ureter cancer enkawlna

• Surgery: Kidney pelvis emaw ureter emaw atanga cancer awmna hmun chu lakchhuah a ni.

Urothelial cancer i vei chuan damchhuahna rate chu engzat nge ni ang?

Urothelial cancer hi cell chi khat atanga intan cancer ni mahse, natna lo chhuahna hmun (bladder, kidney, renal pelvis, ureter) a zirin a kal dan a inang lo thei.

Bladder cancer awm dan tur thlirletna

Cancer tam zawk ang bawkin bladder cancer hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan a dam rei zawk. National Cancer Institute (NCI) atanga kum 2018 data atanga a lan danin, cancer natna hmuhchhuah atanga kum nga hnuah pawh cancer enkawl mek zinga 96% chu an la dam a ni. A pum puiin, bladder cancer vei zinga 77% chu an hmuhchhuah atanga kum nga hnuah pawh an la dam a ni.

Kidney cancer awm dan tur thlirletna

Cancer tam zawk ang bawkin kidney cancer (renal pelvis cancer pawh tel) hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawl a awlsam zawk.NCI data (2018) atanga a lan dan chuan early-stage kidney cancer enkawl tawh zinga 93% chu an hmuhchhuah atanga kum nga hnuah pawh an la dam a ni. Kum nga chhunga dam rei zawng zawng chu 76.5% a ni.

Engtin nge ka urinary system-a urothelial cancer vei theihna ka tihtlem theih ang?

He cancer vei theihna tur tihtlem nan hian thil pawimawh pahnih i tih theih a awm a, chungte chu:

• Cigarette zuk loh.
• Chemical tha lo thenkhat nena inzawmna nei lo.

Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?

Cancer hi an man hma chuan doctor-te chuan urothelial cancer an tidam thei fo a, chu chu zun kawng a lo awm thin a ni. Mahse vanduaithlak takin heng cancer chi hrang hrangte hi a lo let leh a rinawm hle. Hetiang cancer chi hi enkawl i nih chuan doctor-in a tih angin follow-up care neih chhunzawm zel a pawimawh. Hei hi a pawimawh hle.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

I taksaa inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan, a bik takin zunthlum system-a urothelial cancer lo lang leh tur chhinchhiahna i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. Chumi awmzia chu, natna lan chhuahna thar i neih chuan, i zun chhunga thisen, i hnungzang na, emaw, hahna thar emaw i neih chuan doctor i pan ngei tur a ni.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuti a nih chuan, vawiin a kan sawi tawh atang hian hengte hi i hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte chu an ni:

• Urothelial carcinoma hi i zun kawng (bladder, kidney, leh ureters) chhungril layer-a lo awm cancer a ni.
• A lan chhuah dan ber chu zun chhunga thisen awm a ni . A lan chhuah dan dangte chu hnungzang na, hahna, leh taksa rihna tlahniam te a ni.
• Meizial zu leh chemical thenkhat nena inzawmna hi a hlauhawm ber a ni.
• A hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawl leh tihdam a nih a rinawm zawk.
• He cancer hi a lo lang leh thei a, chuvangin enkawl hnuah pawh medical checkup neih chhunzawm a pawimawh hle.
• Ringhlelna emaw symptom emaw i neih chuan Doctor biak pawh hlau suh. An pui ang che.

He thu hi i tan a tangkai ngei ka beisei. Hrisel takin awm rawh! Urothelial cancer, Urothelial Carcinoma, Urinary cancer, Bladder cancer, Kidney cancer, Zun chhunga thisen awm, Cancer symptoms