Me kōrero tātou mō te mate pukupuku ate. Ngā mea me mōhio koe!

He mea noa te mataku ina rongo koe i te mate pukupuku ate. Engari he mea nui kia mārama tika koe ki tēnei. Ehara i te mea ko te ate anake te okana nui rawa atu o te tinana, engari he mahi tino nui anō hoki tāna e whai hua ai mō te oranga tonutanga. Nō reira, ina whanake te mate pukupuku i roto i tētahi okana nui, ka tūpono pea te ora.

He aha te matepukupuku ate? Kia mārama tātou!

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he pukupuku kino te mate pukupuku ate e puta mai ana i roto i te ate. E rua ngā momo matua o tēnei. 1. Mate Pukupuku Ate Tuatahi: I tēnei wā, ka tīmata te mate pukupuku i roto i te ate. Ka kōrerohia tēnei momo i roto i tēnei tuhinga. 2. Mate Pukupuku Ate Tuarua: I tēnei wā, ka horapa te mate pukupuku e puta mai ana i tētahi atu wāhi o te tinana (hei tauira, ngā pukahukahu, te koroni) ki te ate i muri mai.

He aha ngā momo matepukupuku ate tuatahi?

E toru anō ngā momo matua o te mate pukupuku ate tuatahi. Me titiro tātou ki ēnei momo:

• Te mate pukupuku ate (HCC): Koinei te momo mate pukupuku ate tino noa. I te nuinga o te wā, ina kōrero tātou mō te mate pukupuku ate, ko tēnei te `(HCC)` e kōrerohia ana.
• Ko te cholangiocarcinoma intrahepatic (IHC) : He rerekē tēnei. Ka puta tēnei mate pukupuku (e kiia ana ko te 'Cholangiocarcinoma') i roto i ngā awaawa au o te ate. E 10% ki te 20% o ngā mate pukupuku ate katoa e pāngia ana e tēnei mate.
• Angiosarcoma ate: He momo tino onge tēnei. Tata ki te 1% o ngā mate pukupuku ate katoa e pā ana ki tēnei mate. Ka tīmata tēnei mate pukupuku i roto i ngā pakitara o ngā uaua toto i roto i te ate. Ko tēnei momo mate pukupuku, e kiia nei ko te "Angiosarcoma", ka taea te whanake i roto i ētahi atu okana.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku ate? Me pēhea tātou e mōhio ai?

He tino ōrite ngā tohu o ngā momo mate pukupuku ate e toru. Heoi, i ētahi wā, kāore pea he tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua. Koinei te mea e mataku ana. Engari kia tūpato tātou ki ēnei tohu:

• Mimi pouri, tūtae hina/mā: Me āwangawanga koe mēnā ka huri whakarere te tae o tō mimi ki te parauri pouri, mēnā rānei he hina, he uku rānei ō tūtae, kaua ki te tae noa.
• Marutanga kāore he take: Ki te puta whakarere mai he ira kikorangi, he marū rānei i tō tinana, he tohu anō hoki tēnā.
• Ngenge : Te ngenge me te kore ora, ahakoa te nui o te moe e moe ana koe.
• Kirika: He kirika pumau, kāore i te mārama te take.
• He puku, he kikī rānei e rite ana ki te puku i raro i te rara, i te taha matau: Ki te rongo koe i tētahi puku i te taha matau o runga o tō puku, i raro noa iho i te pito o ō rara, kaua e warewaretia.
• Kiri mākūkū: Ina koa ka rakuraku koe i tō tinana katoa, kāore he take.
• Te kore kai, te whakaiti taumaha rānei: Kāore e hiahia ki te kai, ā, ka whakaiti i te taumaha me te kore e ngana.
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki: Mena ka pāngia koe e te whakapairuaki me te ruaki i ngā wā katoa.
• Te mamae, te pupuhi rānei i te puku matau o runga: Mena kei te mamae koe i te puku matau o runga, ki te mea rānei kei te pupuhi noa tō puku.
• Te kiri māwhero: He tohu tēnei e mōhiotia ana e te tini tāngata. He kōwhai te kiri me te mā o ngā kanohi . Whakaarohia tētahi o ō hoa, hei tauira, ko Nimal, ka kite ohorere kua kōwhai ōna kanohi, kua pōuri hoki tōna mimi. Tērā pea ka whakaaro ia, 'Āe, he kiri māwhero pea tēnei.' Engari ehara i te mea ko te kōwhai katoa he kiri māwhero noa iho, i ētahi wā he tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate kino ake pēnei.

He aha ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe o te mate pukupuku ate?

Anei te raruraru. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore te mate pukupuku ate e whakaatu i ngā tohu i ōna wāhanga tōmua. Nō reira, ki te whakaaro koe kei te mōrearea koe (ka kōrerohia tēnei e tātou i muri mai), ko te mea pai ko te toro atu ki te tākuta me te tirotiro i tō ate. Kātahi ka whakahaua e rātou ngā whakamātautau e tika ana (pēnei i ngā 'whakamātautau mahi ate').

He aha ngā pūtake o te mate pukupuku ate?

Ka puta te mate pukupuku ate ina pāngia te 'DNA' o ngā pūtau ate hauora. I mōhio koe, ko te 'DNA' te mōhiohio ira e tohutohu ana i ā tātou pūtau ki te mahi? He ira kei roto i ō tātou tinana katoa e tohutohu ana i ō tātou pūtau kia tipu, kia wehe, kia mate i te wā tika. Hei tauira, ko ngā ira e kiia nei ko '(Oncogenes)' ka āwhina i ngā pūtau kia tipu me te wehe. Ko ngā ira e kiia nei ko '(Tumor suppressor genes)' ka aukati i ngā pūtau kia kore e taea te whakahaere te wehewehe, ā, ka mate hoki ngā pūtau i te wā tika. Heoi, ina huri ('mutates' tō tātou 'DNA'), ka whiwhi ngā pūtau i ngā tohutohu hou, hē. Mā ēnei tohutohu hē ka huri ngā pūtau hei pūtau mate pukupuku, ka tīmata te tipu kore e taea te whakahaere. Ka taea e ētahi mate me ētahi atu āhuatanga te kino i te 'DNA' o te ate, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.

Ngā Take Tūpono mō te Mate Pukupuku Ate

Ko te tino take mōrearea mō te mate pukupuku ate ko te mate hepatitis B (HBV) me te hepatitis C (HCV) mō te wā roa. Ka taea e ēnei mate te kino i te ate, ā, ka puta te cirrhosis.Ko te ānini he āhuatanga e whakapakeketia ai, e mimititia ai te ate. Ka taea e tēnei āhuatanga te arahi ki te mate pukupuku ate i muri mai.

He mea nui: He mate te Hepatitis B me te Hepatitis C ka horahia mā te toto me ngā wai o te tinana, nō reira he mea tino nui kia mahi i ngā mahi hei tiaki i a koe mai i aua mate.

He maha atu anō ngā āhuatanga mōrearea:

• Te inu nui rawa i te waipiro: E mōhio ana tātou katoa kāore e pai te inu nui rawa i te waipiro. Ka kino pea te ate, ka arahi ki te cirrhosis, tae atu ki te mate pukupuku.
• Te mate ate steatotic e pā ana ki te ngoikore o te pūnaha io (MASLD): He āhuatanga tēnei e kitea ana i roto i te tini o te tangata i ēnei rā. He kupu ngāwari noa iho, ko te kohikohinga o te ngako i roto i te ate. Mēnā ka roa te noho, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku.
• Momona: Mā te nui o te taumaha ka puta he ngako i roto i te ate me ētahi atu raruraru hauora, ka piki ake ai te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku.
• Mate huka momo 2: He paku teitei ake te tūponotanga o te hunga mate huka ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku ate.
• Te whakamahi tupeka: Pērā i te momi hikareti, he take te whakamahi tupeka mō ngā momo mate pukupuku maha, tae atu ki te mate pukupuku ate.

Me pēhea te tautuhi a ngā tākuta i te mate pukupuku ate?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku ate, kei a koe rānei ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, ina kite koe i te tākuta, ka tirotirohia e ia tō tinana i te tuatahi. Ka pātai atu ia ki a koe mō ō tohu. Kātahi ka tukuna pea koe mō ngā whakamātautau pēnei i:

• Angiogram: Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei hei tirotiro i ngā oko toto i roto i te ate.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: He whakamātautau toto motuhake (pēnei i ngā 'tohu pukupuku') hei tirotiro mō te mate pukupuku. Ka mahia hoki ngā whakamātautau mahi ate.
• Matawai CT: Ka taea e tēnei te tango pikitia taipitopito o te ate. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatau i te rahi me te wāhi o te pukupuku.
• Whakamātautau ERCP: Ka taea tēnei whakamātautau mēnā kei te whakapaetia he mate pukupuku o te awa au ('Cholangiocarcinoma').
• Te ine i te oro o te ate: Ka tangohia hoki e tēnei he whakaahua o roto o te ate.
• MRI: Ka whakamahia he aukume nui, he ngaru reo irirangi, me te rorohiko hei tango pikitia tino mārama o te ate.

Mena ka kitea te mate pukupuku ate i ēnei whakamātautau toto me ngā matawai, ka whakahaua e tō tākuta he koiora ate , koinei te huarahi pono rawa atu hei whakaū i te mate pukupuku.

He aha ngā wāhanga o te mate pukupuku ate?

Ko te whakatau i te horapa o te mate pukupuku he huarahi mā ngā tākuta ki te whakatau i te horapa o te mate pukupuku, me te whakarite maimoatanga e tika ana. Ko te pūnaha whakatau i te horapa o te mate pukupuku ate ko te pūnaha Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) . Ka whakaarohia ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā tohu, te mahi a te ate, me te rahi o te pukupuku. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e tō tākuta ngā ingoa rerekē ina whakaahuahia ēnei wāhanga ki a koe. Hei tauira, Wāhanga I ki te Wāhanga V, Wāhanga O ki te C, "mate pukupuku wāhanga tōmua" / "mate pukupuku wāhanga whakamua" rānei. Me titiro ngāwari tātou:

• Wāhanga I / Wāhanga O / Wāhanga tino wawe: Kotahi anake te pukupuku kei roto i te ate. He iti iho i te 2 henimita (tata ki te 4/5 inihi). E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau toto i ngā taumata noa o te `(Bilirubin)`.
• Wāhanga II / Wāhanga A / Wāhanga Tīmata: Kotahi te pukupuku, tera pea e 5 henimita (tata ki te 2 inihi) te rahi. Tērā pea he maha ngā pukupuku iti iho i te 3 henimita (tata ki te 1 1/4 inihi). Kei roto hoki i tēnei ngā kēhi kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā uaua toto.
• Wāhanga III / Wāhanga B / Wāhanga Waenga: He nui atu i te kotahi te pukupuku, ā, he 5 henimita te rahi, he nui ake rānei te rahi o te pukupuku kotahi. Tērā pea kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ngā kōpū lymph, ki ngā uaua toto nui, ki ētahi atu whekau rānei.
• Wāhanga IV / Wāhanga C / Wāhanga matatau: Kua horapa te mate pukupuku ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana (pērā i ngā pukahukahu, ngā wheua).

Me pēhea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku ate?

He maha ngā huarahi hei rongoā i te mate pukupuku ate. Ko ētahi he rongoā hauora, ko ētahi he pokanga. Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga hauora ko:

• Te rongoā matū: Te hoatu rongoā hei patu i ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
• Chemoembolization: Te whakahaere tika i te chemotherapy mā roto i te oko toto e whāngai ana i te toto ki te pukupuku, me te aukati i taua oko toto.
• Ārai Mate: Te whakaoho i te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana kia whawhai ki ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
• Whakaora irahiko: Te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku mā te whakamahi i ngā hihi pūngao nui.
• Te whakapūtanga irahiko: Te whakaurunga o ngā purapura iti irahiko ki roto i te pukupuku.
• Te rongoā arotahi: Te hoatu i ngā rongoā e arotahi ana ki ngā ngota motuhake e āwhina ana i ngā pūtau matepukupuku kia tipu me te horapa.

Ka taea e ngā maimoatanga pokanga te whakauru i:

• Ablation: Te whakangaromanga o ngā pūtau matepukupuku mā te whakamahi i te wera, te makariri rawa, ngā matū rānei.
• Hepatectomy (tangohanga ate): Te tango pokanga i tētahi wāhanga o te ate me te pukupuku matepukupuku.
• Te whakawhitinga ate: Te tango katoa i te ate mate me te whakawhitinga i tētahi ate hauora.

Ka taea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku ate?

Ka taea e te whakawhitinga ate angitu te whakaora i te mate pukupuku ate. Heoi, kāore e taea e te katoa e hiahia ana ki te whakawhitinga ate te whiwhi i tētahi. Hei tauira, tera pea he ngoikore rawa tō rātou hauora, kāore e taea te whakamanawanui ki te whakawhitinga ate. Waihoki, tera pea he uaua ki te kimi i tētahi kaituku ate e tika ana. Ka taea e ētahi atu maimoatanga te āwhina i te whakahaere i te mate pukupuku, te whakaroa i tōna horapa, me te whakaroa i te oranga o te tūroro.

He aha te roanga o te oranga o te tangata e pāngia ana e te mate pukupuku ate?

Ahakoa he mea tēnei e hiahia ana te tini ki te mōhio, he uaua ki te kī tika i te roa o te oranga. Nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki tēnei, pērā i te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku, te urupare ki te maimoatanga, me te hauora whānui o te tūroro. Kei te whakapai tonu ngā kairangahau i ngā maimoatanga mate pukupuku ate hei āwhina i te tangata kia roa ake te ora. Heoi, he mate morearea tonu te mate pukupuku ate. E ai ki ngā tatauranga (he raraunga Amerika ēnei, tera pea he rerekē te āhua i Sri Lanka), tata ki te 21% o te hunga whai `(HCC)` `(IHC)` rānei e ora ana i te rima tau i muri i te tātaritanga. Mō te mate pukupuku wāhanga wawe (wāhanga I, II rānei), ko te reiti oranga rima tau he tata ki te 37%. Heoi, ka heke ki te 13% mō te wāhanga III me te 3% mō te wāhanga IV.

Kia maumahara, he whakatau tata noa iho ēnei tatauranga. Tērā pea he rerekē rawa tō āhuatanga. He pai ake te kōrero ki tō tākuta mate pukupuku mō tēnei mea, kia kitea ai he aha te mea e tika ana mōu.

He aha tā tātou e taea ai te ārai i te mate pukupuku ate?

Kāore pea e taea e tātou te ārai katoa i te mate pukupuku ate, engari he mea anō hei whakaiti i te mōrearea:

• Whiwhihia te werohanga hepatitis B: He mea tino nui tēnei. Kei te whakarato te kāwanatanga i tēnei kano ārai mate. Mena kāore anō kia whiwhi koe, pātai atu ki te tākuta mō tēnei.
• Tiakina koe mai i te Hepatitis C: Kāore anō kia kitea he kano ārai mate mō te Hepatitis C. Nō reira, karohia te pa atu ki te toto pangia. Kaua e whakamahi i ngā ngira, i ngā pūwero rānei kua whakamahia e ētahi atu.
• Ki te kaipaipa koe, ngana ki te mutu: Ki te hiahia āwhina koe, pātai atu ki tō rōpū hauora mō ngā kaupapa whakamutu kaipaipa.
• Whakaitihia, kati rānei te inu waipiro: Ka pāngia te ate e te cirrhosis mēnā ka nui rawa te waipiro, ā, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate pukupuku ate.
• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora e tika ana mōu: He take mōrearea te momonatanga.
• Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō te tirotiro i te mate pukupuku ate: Mena he mate ate tōu, he mate huka, he momona rānei, he nui rawa rānei tō inu waipiro, he mea whakaaro nui kia tirohia tonutia te toto me te tirotiro i te ate mā te ultrasound.

He mate kino te mate pukupuku ate tuatahi. Tērā pea kua tae ki te wā tino kino i te wā e kitea ai he mate pukupuku ate koe. He iti noa ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga. Ka whakamahia e tō rōpū hauora ngā maimoatanga hei aukati i te tipu o te mate pukupuku. Ka āwhina hoki rātou i a koe ki te whakahaere i ō tohu me te pupuri i te kounga o tō oranga. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku tino kino. Māna koe e kōrero mō ngā painga me ngā pānga taha o ia kōwhiringa. Mā tēnei koe e āwhina kia māia ki te whakatau.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu (Karere hei kawe ki te kāinga)

He mea noa te mataku ina kōrerohia te mate pukupuku ate, engari ko te mōhiotanga te kaha nui rawa atu.

• He okana nui te ate i roto i tō tātou tinana. Ko tā tātou kawenga he tiaki i a ia.
• Ko ngā tino take o te mate pukupuku ate ko ngā mate hepatitis B me C me te cirrhosis. Ko te nui o te inu waipiro, te momona, me te mate huka he āhuatanga mōrearea anō hoki.
• Kāore pea ngā tohu e puta i ngā wāhanga tōmua, nō reira he mea nui kia tirotirohia e te hauora te hunga whai take mōrearea.
• He maha ngā momo maimoatanga mō te mate pukupuku ate ināianei. Ko te maimoatanga pai rawa atu ka whiriwhiria i runga i te wāhanga o te mate me te āhua o te tūroro.
• Ko te ārai te mea pai rawa atu. Tikina te kano ārai mate hepatitis B, ā, whai i te oranga hauora.

Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu mō tēnei mea, kia mōhio koe ki te kōrero ki te tākuta. Mā rātou koe e āwhina. Kaua rawa e mamae ko koe anake, me tono āwhina. Matepukupuku Ate, Matepukupuku Hepatocellular Carcinoma, HCC, Cirrhosis, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis