Tērā pea he tangata koe e tahu hikareti ana i ētahi wā, i ētahi wā rānei, i ngā wā e haere tahi ana koe me ō hoa anake. Ki ētahi, he tikanga tēnei; ki ētahi, he rite ki te huarahi whakangā. Engari e tino mārama ana koe ki te aha e pā ana ki tō tinana ina uru te auahi hikareti ki roto i tō tinana? Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mea, he māmā noa iho, he mārama hoki, mai i te tirohanga hauora.
He aha tonu te hikareti, ā, he aha ngā mea kei roto?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te kai hikareti he tahu i tētahi rango kua kī tonu i te tupeka maroke, ka hongihia te paoa ki roto i ō pūkahukahu, ka tukuna atu. Ina tahuna e koe tētahi pito, ka kumea te paoa mā tētahi atu pito. Ka haere tēnei paoa i roto i ō ara manawa ki roto i ō pūkahukahu, ka uru ki roto i ō toto ka haere ki tō roro me ngā okana katoa o tō tinana.
I a tātou e kōrero ana mō ngā hikareti tupeka, he mea nui kia mōhio he maha hoki ngā tāngata e whakamahi ana i ngā hikā, ngā paipa, te tarukino, ngā hikareti otaota rānei, he rite tonu ngā mōrearea o ēnei.
Ko te tikanga, kei roto i tētahi hikareti hokohoko noa:
- Tupeka : Ngā rau me ngā kakau o te tipu Nicotiana tabacum i whakaritea, i whakamaroketia hoki.
- Pepa takai: Ko te pepa e pupuri ana i te tupeka.
- Tātari: I hangaia hei hopu i ētahi o ngā matūriki nunui o te tupeka e tahuna ana. Heoi, he maha ngā matū kino ka puta mā te tātari ka uru tika atu ki roto i tō tinana.
He aha te take ka waranga ai te tangata ki te momi hikareti?
He tokomaha te hunga ka tīmata ki te momi hikareti nā te mea i te tīmatanga ka puta he ahua whakangā, he ahua harikoa rānei. Heoi, ina tīmata koe, ka tino uaua ki te mutu, ahakoa e mōhio ana koe ki te kino e pā mai ana. Ko te nikotīni te take matua. Ka pā te nikotīni ki te roro, ka hanga he whakawhirinakitanga tinana; ki te kore koe e pāngia e te nikotīni, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu whakatārewatanga pērā i te riri, te manukanuka, me te kore whakamarie.
Ina tae te nikotīni ki te roro, ka tukuna ngā neurotransmitters e hanga ana i ngā kare ā-roto pai mō te wā poto. Tērā pea ka pā mai te momi hikareti ki a koe:
- He āhua marino, he āhua wātea rānei mō te wā poto.
- He "whakatairanga" iti, he kare ā-tinana rānei.
- He kaha ake ki te arotahi, i te iti rawa mō te wā poto.
Haunga te waranga matū, ka noho te momi hikareti hei mahi pāpori - he rite tonu ki te inu kawhe. Ka whakamahia pea e te tangata hei whakahaere i ngā io, hei whakapai ake i te arotahi, hei mea noa iho rānei. Ka piri atu ētahi ki te wheako o ngā kare ā-roto o te pupuri i te hikareti.
He aha te mea ka pā ki tō tinana ina mura koe?
Ina tahuna e koe he hikareti, ka tīmata te kino. Whakaarohia pēnei: i te wa e tahuna ana te tupeka, ka tukuna e ia ngā mano tini o ngā matū. I mua i te mutunga o tō manawa tuatahi, kua tīmata te haerenga whakangaro o ēnei matū i roto i tō pūnaha.
I te wā tonu ka tiaho koe ka kawea ki ō ngutu…
Ka tukuna te nikotīni e te wera, ā, ka hangaia he tā. Mā te pupuri noa i te hikareti ka poke ō whao. Ka maroke tō kiri i te paoa, ka pakaru te collagen, ka hua ake te koroheketanga o mua me ngā kita. Ki te manawa koe mā tō ihu, ka kino ngā pito io, ka ngoikore pea tō kakara i roto i te wā.
Ina hongihia e koe te paoa…
Ahakoa ka hopukina e te tātari ngā matūriki nunui, ka uru tika atu te tā, te nikotīni, me ngā mano tini o ngā matū paitini ki roto i tō waha me tō korokoro. Ka whakapokea ō niho e te tā, ka pania tō arero, ka kino hoki tō enamel niho, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te pirau me te mate kapia . Tērā pea ka heke iho tō kaha ki te reka me te pārekareka ki tō kai.
I te haere o te paoa i roto i ō ara manawa…
Ka kapi tō korokoro me ō taura reo i te tā me ngā hua paitini pērā i te hauwai cyanide, ā, ka puta te maremare o te kaipaipa. Ka kino ēnei matū i te kiriuhi—he hanganga iti, rite ki te huruhuru i roto i ō ara manawa e tango atu ana i te hūpē me ngā mea whakapataritari. Ina pakaru ēnei, ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki ngā mate manawa .
I te mea ka whakakīia ō pukahukahu e te paowa, ka uru ki te toto…
Ka uru te paoa ki roto i ngā pēke hau ririki o ō pūkahukahu (alveoli) ka puta he kino ka arahi ki te emphysema me ētahi atu mate i raro i te maru o te COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau) . Hei tāpiri, ka hongihia e koe te hauota waro, e herea pai ake ana ki ō toto whero i te hāora. He mea morearea tēnei nā te mea ka ārai i te hāora kia tae atu ki ō kiko me ō whekau nui. Ka akiakihia tō tinana e tēnei korenga hāora kia kaha ake te mahi, engari ko te mumura me te hanga huware ka puta mai ka uaua haere te manawa.
I roto i ō uaua toto, ka pakaru te arai o roto i te nikotīni, ka whakawhāiti, ka whakapakeke hoki i ngā uaua toto. Ka hua ake i tēnei puranga toto ngā toto totoka, ngā mate manawa, me ngā whiu. I roto i ngā tāne, ko tēnei ngoikore o te tohanga toto tetahi o ngā tino take o te ngoikore o te ure.
I te horapa o ngā matū puta noa i tō tinana…
Kia mimitia, ka horapa ēnei matū puta noa i tō pūnaha katoa, ka kino te nuinga o ngā okana katoa e tae atu ana.
- Ngā wheua: Ka whakaitihia e te nikotīni te kaha o tō tinana ki te mimiti i te konupūmā, ā, ka whakararu i te hanga o ngā pūtau hanga wheua. Ka ngoikore ai ō wheua, ka pakarukaru, ka tino ngāwari hoki ki te whati.
- Ngā Kanohi: Ko ngā matū kino o roto i ngā hikareti me te iti o te taumata hāora ka tino kino ki ō kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te pirau o te kanohi, te katarata, tae atu ki te ngaronga tirohanga tuturu .
- Pūnaha Ārai Mate : Mā te kai hikareti ka noho tonu tō tinana i roto i te mumura , ka pehi i tō pūnaha ārai mate. Ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te pāngia e ngā mate maha, ā, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanakengā mate pūnaha ārai mate.
- Ngā homoni: Ka taea e te nikotīni te whakararu i te kore taurite o ngā homoni, ka pā kino pea ki tō momonatanga me tō hauora uri.
- DNA: Ka pakaru tō DNA i ngā paitini pēnei i te arsenic, te nickel, me te radioactive polonium, ā, ka aukati i ngā mahi whakatikatika taiao o tō tinana. Ko tēnei pakaru o te DNA tetahi o ngā tino take o te mate pukupuku, ā, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru momona nā te pakaru o te parāoa.
Ka aha te mea ka tupu ina tae te nikotīni ki tō roro…
Kia uru ki roto i tō toto, ka haere tika te nikotīni ki tō roro. Ka herea ki ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi motuhake, ka whakaoho i te tukunga o ngā karere matū "pai" pērā i te dopamine, te adrenaline, te endorphins, me te serotonin. Ko taua "whana" "haruru" rānei e rongohia ana e koe i muri i te hikareti koinei tonu te tukanga e mahi ana. Me te mea kei te pēhi te nikotīni i ngā pātene i roto i tō roro hei whakaoho i te whakangā, te ahuareka, te mataara rānei. Ka puta katoa tēnei tukanga i roto i ngā hēkona o tō pupuhi tuatahi.
Te whakatau i te tangohanga…
Ka tukatukahia e tō ate te nikotīni, ā, ka tukuna i roto i tō mimi i muri i ētahi haora. I te memeha haere o te "whana", ka tīmata tō tinana ki te hiahia ki tētahi atu hikareti. Ki te kore koe e hoatu, ka uru koe ki te wā whakamutu . Ka puta tēnei hei kore okiokinga, hei manukanuka, hei riri, hei kore moe . I roto i te wā, ka whanake te manawanui o tō tinana, ko te tikanga me nui ake te nikotīni hei whakatutuki i te ahua makona. E mōhiotia ana tēnei ko te whakawhirinaki ki te nikotīni .
Mena kei te hapu koe: Te pānga o te paowa ki tō pēpi…
Ka whakawhāitihia ngā oko toto i roto i te whenua me te pito o te tinana e te kai hikareti i te wā e hapu ana, ka whakawhāitihia te tuku hāora ki tō pēpi (fetus). Kei roto i te toto e tae atu ana ki te pēpi te hauota waro, te nikotīni, me ētahi atu matū kino. Ka taea e tēnei korenga o te hāora me te pānga ki ngā paitini te kino i te DNA o tō pēpi. He nui ake te tūponotanga o te whānautanga o ngā kai hikareti hapū. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā pēpi i whānau mai i ngā whaea kai hikareti e pāngia ana e te taumaha iti i te whānautanga, ngā raruraru o te ngākau me te pukahukahu, me te whakaroa i te whanaketanga .
He aha ngā raruraru hauora e hono ana ki te momi hikareti?
He tokomaha te hunga e hono ana i te momi hikareti ki te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu anake. Inaa, ka pā te momi hikareti ki ngā okana katoa o tō tinana, ka puta he mate hou, ka kino ake rānei ngā mate o mua. Anei ētahi tauira:
- Matepukupuku: Tirohia te rārangi whānui i raro nei mō ngā matepukupuku e hono ana ki te momi hikareti.
- Ngā mate pūkahukahu: Tae atu ki te COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau), te mate kohi, te huango, me te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu.
- Ngā mate o te ngākau me ngā oko toto: Ka taea e ēnei te arahi ki ngā whakaekenga ngākau, ngā whiu, te ngoikore rānei o te ngākau.
- Ngā mate kanohi: Te katarata, te pirau o te macular, tae atu ki te matapo.
- Ngā āhuatanga whānau: Te taumaha iti i te whānautanga me ngā hapa whānau i roto i ngā pēpi o ngā whaea i momi hikareti i te wā e hapū ana.
- Te whakatahe.
- Mate huka momo 2.
- Te mate rumatiki (RA) me ētahi atu mate pūnaha ārai mate.
- Te ngoikore o te ure.
- Ngā raruraru whakawhānau.
- Te koroheketanga wawe (kiri kitakita me te āhua koroheke).
He mea nui, ahakoa kāore koe e momi hikareti, he tino mōrearea te hongi i te momi hikareti a tētahi atu (te auahi tuarua) ki tōu ake hauora.
Te Auahi me te Mate Pukupuku
Ka whakanui ake te kai hikareti i te mōrearea o te whakawhanake i ngā momo mate pukupuku maha. Hei tāpiri, e whakaatu ana ngā taunakitanga mēnā ka kai hikareti koe i a koe e rongoatia ana ki te mate pukupuku, ka iti ake te whai hua o ō hua maimoatanga, ā, ka nui ake tō mōrearea o te hokinga mai. E hono ana te kai hikareti ki:
- Te mate pukupuku myeloid whakapeka
- Matepukupuku tōngāmimi
- Matepukupuku kōpū
- Matepukupuku repeure
- Matepukupuku korokoro
- Matepukupuku whatukuhu
- Ngā mate pukupuku o te korokoro me ētahi atu mate pukupuku
- Matepukupuku ate
- Matepukupuku pūkahukahu
- Matepukupuku waha
- Matepukupuku repeure
- Matepukupuku puku
Ka ora ake ngā pukahukahu i muri i te whakamutu i te kai paipa?
Āe! Kia mutu tō kai paipa, ka tīmata te whakaora i ō pūkahukahu me ō ara manawa. I roto i ētahi wiki o te whakamutu, ka heke te mumura me te hanga hūpē. I muri i ētahi marama, ka tīmata te hanga hou o ngā kiriuhi (ngā hanganga huruhuru iti i roto i ō pūkahukahu). Inaa, ko te nuinga o ngā pūnaha o tō tinana ka tīmata i tētahi ara whakaora pai i te wā tonu ka mutu tō kai paipa.
Ko te wā e ora ai koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te roa o tō momi hikareti me te nui o te kino ki ō pukahukahu. Ko ētahi raruraru, pērā i te whānautanga, ka tere te whakapai ake. Heoi, ko ētahi kino—pērā i te COPD me te pulmonary fibrosis—ka kore e taea te whakatika. Heoi anō, ki te noho kore momi hikareti koe mō ētahi tau, ka tino heke tō tupono ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku me ētahi atu mate e pā ana ki te momi hikareti, ka eke pea ki ngā taumata e rite ana ki te tangata kāore anō kia momi hikareti.
Me pēhea taku whakamutu i te momi hikareti?
He maha ngā huarahi hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakamutu i te kai paipa. Me whakakotahi pea koe i ētahi tikanga, me whakawhiti rautaki rānei kia kitea rā anō e koe te mea e pai ana mōu. Anei ētahi kōwhiringa:
- Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakamutu ohorere i te kai hikareti me te kore e whakamahi rongoā, me te kore rānei e whakakapi i te nikotīni. Ahakoa he pai tēnei mō ētahi, ko te whakawhirinaki tinana ki te nikotīni ka waiho hei ara tino uaua.
- Te rongoā whakakapinga nikotīni: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā kapia kei roto te nikotīni, ngā lozenges, ngā pāti, ngā rehu ihu, ngā hongihongi rānei.
- Ngā Rongoā: Ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ngā rongoā pēnei i te bupropion, te varenicline rānei hei āwhina i te whakahaere i ngā tohumate tango me te whakaiti i tō hiahia.
- Ngā huringa āhua noho: Mā te whakanui ake i te korikori tinana, te whakarerekē i tō mahinga o ia rā, te whai wāhi atu rānei ki te rongoā whanonga hinengaro (CBT) ka āwhina i a koe kia pai ake te ahua me te wawahi i ngā tikanga e pā ana ki te momi hikareti.
Mena he kaipaipa ahau, me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?
Ehara i te mea ngaro ko te mea pai rawa atu māu ko te whakamutu i te kai hikareti. I a koe e hiahia ana ki te whakamutu, ka taea e koe te tautoko i tō tinana mā te whakakorikori tinana, te kai i ngā kai totika, me te noho kia nui te wai. Ahakoa kei te kai hikareti koe i tēnei wā, kua mutu rānei i ēnei wā tata nei, me kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te whakarite i ngā tirotiro mate pukupuku pūkahukahu auau. Mā te kitenga wawe ka taea e koe te whakaora i tō ora.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
Kua roa te tangata e momi hikareti ana mō ngā take pāpori me ngā take ahurea. I ēnei rā, he rite tonu ngā take: ka taea e te hikareti te noho hei wāhanga o tō rā—he huarahi rānei hei okiokinga mō tētahi wā poto mai i taua mahi.
Heoi, e mōhio ana tātou inaianei ki te kino o te momi hikareti ki tō hauora me te hauora o ō whanaunga. Nā te hononga o te nikotīni ki tō roro, ehara i te mea ngāwari te whakamutu i te momi hikareti nā te mea e mōhio ana koe he morearea; he pono tēnā. He mea āwhina te mārama ki tēnei hononga me te take he uaua ki te whakamutu. Kia mahara hoki kia atawhai koe i a koe anō i tēnei haerenga. He tukanga te neke mai i te kai momi hikareti ki te kore kai momi hikareti—he whakatau māu ake i ia rā, i ia rā.
Haunga ngā tikanga hei whakamutu, mā te maumahara ki ngā painga mō te wā roa ka āwhina. Ka taea e koe te hoki ki ngā mahi e pai ana ki a koe, te kimi anō i te reka me te kakara tūturu o te kai, te tiaki i te hauora o ō whanaunga, me te penapena moni. Rapua te tautoko mai i ō hoa, i tō whānau, me ō tākuta—kōrerotia ki a rātou te huringa e mahia ana e koe, me te pātai atu me pēhea e taea ai e rātou te tautoko pai i a koe.
Nirogi Lanka: Te Momi hikareti, Ngā Hikareti, Te Nikotīni, Te Mate Pukupuku, Te Hauora, Ngā Pūkahukahu, Ngā Mate Manawa, Te Whakamutu Momi hikareti
