Kodi mwana wanu nayenso akuyang'ana pawindo, wotayika m'dziko la maloto? Ndizachilendo kuti ana aang'ono azilota masana ndi kuganiza choncho. Koma ngati mwana wanu akuvutika kuyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi nthawi zonse, kapena ngati nthawi zonse akuphonya ntchito ya kusukulu ndi homuweki, ikhoza kukhala mtundu wa vuto lotchedwa ADHD ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero.
Kodi mtundu uwu wa ADHD 'wosaganizira' umasiyana bwanji ndi mitundu ina?
Anthu ambiri akamaganiza za ADHD, amaganiza za mwana amene sangathe kukhala chete, wochita zinthu mopanda nzeru, komanso amene nthawi zonse amathamangathamanga. Koma umenewo ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa ADHD. Kunena zoona, pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ADHD.
1. Mtundu Wosaganizira: Mu mtundu uwu womwe tikukamba lero, vuto lalikulu lomwe mwana ali nalo ndi vuto losunga chidwi. Ana awa nthawi zambiri amakhala chete komanso osasewera. Chifukwa cha izi, mwina zimachedwa kuzindikira kuti vutoli lilipo. Kale, izi zinkatchedwa 'Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD).'
2. Wochita zinthu mopupuluma - Mtundu wa chizungulire: Uyu ndi mwana 'wopusa' amene tonse timamudziwa. Ali ngati injini yomwe ikuyenda mothamanga kwambiri. Nthawi zonse amapanga phokoso ndi mapazi kapena manja awo, sasiya kulankhula, ndipo amachita zinthu nthawi imodzi osaganiza.
3. Mtundu Wophatikizana: Mu mtundu uwu, makhalidwe onse awiri omwe ali pamwambapa amaoneka pamodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pali kusaganizira bwino komanso kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso.
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti nthawi zambiri timaona ana osalabadirawa ngati “aulesi,” “osadziletsa,” kapena “odzikuza.” Koma si vuto lawo, ndi vuto lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ntchito ya ubongo.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji ngati vutoli lilipo?
Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi vutoli, muyenera kumutumiza kwa dokotala wa ana kapena wamisala . Adzatenga chidziwitso kuchokera kwa inu, mwanayo, ndi aphunzitsi a mwanayo kuti adziwe vutoli.
Kawirikawiri, dokotala amazindikira vutoli poyang'ana ngati mwanayo wakhala akuwonetsa zizindikiro zosachepera zisanu ndi chimodzi mwa zotsatirazi kwa miyezi yoposa 6 .
| Chizindikiro | Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kulota masana ndi kusokonezedwa mosavuta | Pamene mukuchita homuweki mkalasi kapena kunyumba, mwadzidzidzi mumadzipeza muli m'dziko lina. Ngakhale phokoso laling'ono kwambiri lingakusokonezeni. |
| Kusiya mfundo zofunika, kupanga zolakwa mosasamala | Nthawi zambiri ndimalakwitsa zinthu zopanda pake pa homuweki ndi mapepala a mayeso. Sindimvera malangizo ofunikira. |
| Kutopa mosavuta, kuvutika kuganizira | Ngakhale mutayamba ntchito, imakhala yosasangalatsa pakapita nthawi. N'zovuta kuganizira zinthu monga kuwerenga buku kapena kujambula chithunzi nthawi zonse. |
| Kuvuta kugwira ntchito mwadongosolo | Sindikupeza pepala langa lochitira homuweki, chikwama changa cha mabuku chili chosokonekera, zinthu zili paliponse mchipindamo. Sindikudziwa momwe ndingachitire ntchito yanga pang'onopang'ono. |
| Kusamvetsera akamalankhula ndi | Ngakhale mutalankhula mwachindunji ndi mwanayo ndipo akukuyang'anani, akuoneka kuti sakumvetserani. |
| Kupewa ntchito zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chambiri | Sakonda ntchito zomwe zimafuna kuikirapo mtima, monga kuchita homuweki kapena kuphunzira mayeso, ndipo amazichedwetsa. |
| Kutaya zinthu nthawi zambiri | Zinthu monga mapeni, mapensulo, mabuku, ndi mabotolo amadzi zomwe timabweretsa kusukulu zimasowa nthawi zonse. |
| Kuiwala ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku | Umaiwala zinthu zazing'ono zomwe unanena (monga, "Bweretsani buku limenelo mukapita kuchipinda chanu"). |
| Kuvuta kutsatira malangizo, kusamaliza ntchito | Mukangoyamba ntchito, mumayamba ina musanaimalize. N'zovuta kutsatira malangizo ena. |
Akuluakulu nawonso amatha kupezeka ndi vutoli. Ayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosachepera zisanu mwa izi.
Dokotala wanu angakupatseninso mayeso kuti apeze matenda ena omwe angakhale ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kulephera kumva kapena kuona bwino
- Zovuta Zophunzira
- Matenda a m'maganizo monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo
Kodi tingamuthandize bwanji mwana ngati uyu?
Ngati dokotala apeza mwana wanu ali ndi vutoli, musachite mantha. Pali njira zambiri zothandizira. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza mankhwala, osati njira imodzi yokha.
Chithandizo chamankhwala
Dokotala angapereke mankhwala kuti akonze chidwi cha mwana. Chithandizo cha khalidwe ndi uphungu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zina, dokotala angakupatseni zida zapadera, monga ``Monarch external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (eTNS) System)`` yomwe yangoyambitsidwa kumene. Izi zimathandizira ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zikugwirizana ndi ADHD. Koma zonsezi zimasankhidwa ndi dokotala wanu.
Zinthu zomwe tingachite monga makolo
Chithandizo cha khalidwe chimaphunzitsanso makolo zambiri za momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi mwana wawo.
| Njira yothandiza | Zinthu zomwe mungachite |
|---|---|
| Kupanga Mndandanda wa 'Zochita' | Lembani mndandanda wa zinthu zoti muchite (ntchito zapakhomo, kuyeretsa chipinda) ndipo muuike pamalo pomwe mwana wanu angauone (pa furiji, pa desiki ya mwanayo). |
| Kugawa ntchito zazikulu m'zidutswa zazing'ono | M'malo monena kuti "Pita ukachite homuweki yako" nthawi imodzi, igawani m'magawo ang'onoang'ono monga "Choyamba chita masamu. Kenako werengani mutu m'buku la Chisinhala. Pomaliza, lembani kapepala kakang'ono kokhudza nkhaniyi." |
| Kupereka uphungu womveka bwino komanso wosavuta | Mukamapereka uphungu, musanene zinthu zambiri nthawi imodzi, koma muzinene mwachidule, chimodzi ndi chimodzi. |
| Kukhala ndi chilichonse mwadongosolo. | Pangani malo enieni oti muyike zovala, mabuku, ndi zoseweretsa zonse za mwana wanu. Mwanjira imeneyi, zidzakhala zosavuta kuzipeza. |
| Kupanga chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku | Kwa ana ngati awa, kukhala ndi chizolowezi kungathandize kuti azikhala osamala. Khalani ndi chizolowezi chochita zinthu nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse (kudzuka, kutsuka mano, kudya). Lembani chizolowezichi pansi ndipo chiyikeni pamalo enaake omwe mungachione kunyumba. |
| Kuchepetsa zosokoneza | Mwana wanu akamaphunzira, onetsetsani kuti mwazimitsa zinthu monga TV, kompyuta, wailesi, ndi foni. Ngati n'kotheka, pemphani mphunzitsi kuti amuchotse mwanayo pawindo kapena pakhomo ndipo akhale kutsogolo. |
| Mphoto za ntchito yabwino | Aliyense amakonda kuyamikiridwa chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino. Akamaliza homuweki yawo pa nthawi yake, kapena kukonza chipinda chawo, muyamikireni ndi mawu akuti, "Zabwino kwambiri, mwana wanga." Mwina muwapatse mphatso yaying'ono (chakudya chomwe amakonda, ulendo wopita ku zoo). |
Popeza mwana wanu amakhala kusukulu tsiku lonse, muyenera kulankhulana ndi aphunzitsi a kalasi ya mwana wanu. Muzimudziwitsa za vuto la mwana wanu, ndipo gwirani ntchito limodzi kuti muthandize mwana wanu.Pezani njira zochitira izi. Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kulankhula ndi mkulu wa sukulu ndikupeza zinthu zofunika kwa mwana wanu (monga nthawi yochulukirapo yochitira mayeso).
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si ulesi wa mwana kapena khalidwe loipa. Ndi vuto lodziwika bwino ndi madokotala.
- Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musangoganiza chabe, koma onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala.
- Chithandizo sichimangokhudza mankhwala okha. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ngati zonse zigwirizana: mankhwala, chithandizo cha khalidwe, ndi chithandizo chochokera kwa makolo ndi aphunzitsi.
- Ndi chithandizo choyenera, thandizo, ndi chithandizo, ana awa akhoza kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo ndi kupambana. Ayenera chikondi chanu, kuleza mtima, ndi kumvetsetsa.
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