Ngati muli ndi munthu m'banja mwanu amene akudwala matenda a Alzheimer 's , kaya ndi amayi anu, abambo anu, agogo anu, kapena azakhali anu, mwina mukudziwa kuti pang'onopang'ono amaiwala zinthu. Ndicho chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa. Koma, kuwonjezera pa kutaya kukumbukira kwawo, mwina mwawona kusintha kwakukulu m'makhalidwe awo. Nthawi zina amakhala osakhazikika, okwiya, achisoni, kapena amangoyendayenda usiku osagona. Mukawona zinthuzi, muyeneranso kumva chisoni kwambiri. Lero tikulankhula za mankhwala ena, kapena "Adjunct Treatments", omwe amaperekedwa pamavuto a khalidwe ndi amisala omwe amapezeka kuwonjezera pa kutaya kukumbukira mu matenda a Alzheimer's.
Mwachidule, matenda a Alzheimer akawononga maselo amitsempha muubongo, samakhudza kukumbukira kokha komanso ziwalo zomwe zimalamulira khalidwe lathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mavutowa amachitika.
- Kukwiya
- Kukwiya
- Nkhawa
- Kukhulupirira zinthu zomwe kulibe ( zabodza )
- Kuvutika maganizo
- Kuona zinthu zomwe sizikuwoneka kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizikuwoneka (Hallucinations)
- Kusowa tulo
- Kusakhazikika
Zizindikiro zimenezi zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kwa wodwalayo komanso kwa inu, wosamalira. Nthawi zambiri madokotala amalangiza kuti choyamba muyesere kuthana ndi zizindikirozi ndi kusintha moyo wanu komanso chithandizo cha khalidwe musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Choyamba muyenera kudziwa ngati pali chifukwa china chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwa khalidwe (monga matenda, vuto la masomphenya kapena kumva, kapena zotsatirapo zina za mankhwala ena).
Koma nthawi zina mankhwala ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Mankhwala ambiri omwe tikukamba pano savomerezedwa mwachindunji ku matenda a Alzheimer's. Madokotala amapereka mankhwala awa "osatchulidwa." Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mankhwala ovomerezeka ku matenda ena (monga kuvutika maganizo) amaperekedwa chifukwa zomwe dokotalayo wakumana nazo zikusonyeza kuti angakhale oyeneranso pamavuto a khalidwe la wodwala wa Alzheimer's.
Zothandizira kugona
Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kugona akamakalamba.Zimachitika. Koma zimachitika kwambiri pakati pa odwala matenda a Alzheimer. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo, amadzuka pafupipafupi usiku ndipo amatopa masana.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuyesera kugona popanda mankhwala, m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ogonetsa. Chifukwa mapiritsi ogonetsa omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda a Alzheimer nthawi zina amakhala oopsa.
Ngati kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikukuthandizani kugona, ndipo kukhala maso usiku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ngati awa:
- Suvorexant (Belsomra): Iyi ndi mankhwala okhawo omwe avomerezedwa ndi US FDA pamavuto ogona okhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Ndi a gulu la mankhwala otchedwa ``Orexin inhibitors.'' Mwachidule, amagwira ntchito potseka mankhwala muubongo mwathu omwe amawonetsa kuti "ndi nthawi yoti tidzuke." Komabe, mankhwalawa angayambitse mavuto monga kuyenda tulo, kuvutika maganizo, komanso kugona masana.
- Mankhwala Ena Ogonetsa: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mapiritsi ena ogonetsa, monga `Eszopiclone (Lunesta)` kapena `Zolpidem (Ambien).` Komabe, kumwa mankhwalawa kungakupangitseni kuchita zinthu zachilendo mukakhala mukugona (monga kudya kapena kuyendetsa galimoto mukamagona). Angayambitsenso chisokonezo masana, kuiwala zinthu, komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kutaya mphamvu zanu ndikugwa.
Chofunika kwambiri: Mapiritsi ogonetsa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri . Angakupangitseni chizungulire komanso kugona mosavuta. Mukangogona bwino, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikuyesera kusiya kuwamwa.
Komanso, mapiritsi ena ogonetsa (omwe ali ndi ma antihistamines, mwachitsanzo diphenhydramine) omwe mungagule mu sitolo yogulitsira mankhwala kuchokera ku pharmacy sali oyenera odwala matenda a Alzheimer's konse . Amatha kusokoneza kulumikizana pakati pa maselo amitsempha muubongo, zomwe zimawonjezera kukumbukira ndi luso loganiza.
Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo ndi Mankhwala Oletsa Nkhawa
Matenda a kuvutika maganizo ndi ofala kwambiri ndi matenda a Alzheimer. Pofuna kukonza maganizo a wodwalayo, dokotala angapereke mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa. Mankhwalawa angathandize osati kokha ndi kuvutika maganizo, komanso ndi nkhawa, mavuto ogona, kusokonezeka maganizo, komanso kuona zinthu molakwika.
| Mtundu wa mankhwala | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| SSRIs (Zoletsa Kubwerezabwereza kwa Serotonin) (Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri komanso otetezeka) | Citalopram (Celexa), Sertraline (Zoloft), Escitalopram (Lexapro) |
| Ma SNRI (Zoletsa Kubwerezabwereza kwa Serotonin-Noradrenaline) | Venlafaxine (Effexor), Duloxetine (Cymbalta) |
| Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo Osazolowereka | Mirtazapine (Remeron), Trazodone (Desyrel) |
Chenjezo: Mankhwala akale oletsa kuvutika maganizo, monga tricyclic antidepressants (monga amitriptyline) ndi SSRIs monga paroxetine (Paxil), sakuvomerezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Angawononge kwambiri luso lokumbukira ndi kuganiza.
Nthawi zina madokotala amapereka mankhwala afupiafupi otchedwa benzodiazepines (monga Lorazepam (Ativan), Diazepam (Valium)) kuti athetse nkhawa, kusakhazikika, komanso khalidwe laukali. Komabe, izi zingayambitsenso kugona, chizungulire, chisokonezo, komanso chiopsezo chachikulu cha kugwa.
Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala (mankhwala oletsa nkhawa kwambiri komanso mavuto amisala)
Mavuto ena a khalidwe omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a Alzheimer's akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa wodwalayo kapena osamalira awo. Mwachitsanzo, nkhanza zoopsa, kuyesa kudzivulaza okha kapena ena, komanso kuona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo. Muzochitika zotere, mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yomaliza, ngati palibe njira ina .
Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri, moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Popeza zoopsa zake zingapose ubwino wake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pokhapokha ngati palibe njira zina zomwe zagwira ntchito.
Musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa,
- Kupanga malo odekha
- Kuzolowera chizolowezi
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
Muyenera kuyesa zinthu ngati zimenezo.
Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala (monga `Risperidone (Risperdal)`, `Quetiapine (Seroquel)`, `Olanzapine (Zyprexa)`) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku:
- Ngati wodwalayo ali pamalo omwe angadziike yekha kapena ena pachiwopsezo.
- Ngati vuto la khalidwe likupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupereka chithandizo chofunikira chamankhwala.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda ena amisala (monga schizophrenia ) kuwonjezera pa matenda a Alzheimer's.
Mu mankhwala awaPali chiopsezo chachikulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha sitiroko ndi imfa mwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Kuphatikiza apo, zimayambitsa tulo tambiri ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kugwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zina mwa izo zimatha kuletsa zochita za mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukumbukira ndi kuganiza mu matenda a Alzheimer's, kuchepetsa phindu la mankhwalawa.
Mankhwala ena owonjezera
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, mankhwala ena nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito "osatchulidwa".
- Mankhwala Oletsa Kugwedezeka: Mankhwala oletsa khunyu monga Carbamazepine ndi Gabapentin nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kusokonezeka kwa odwala a Alzheimer's.
- Mankhwala Oletsa Kudwala Matenda a Parkinson: Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Parkinson akuphunziridwa kuti awone ngati angathandizenso ndi zizindikiro za Alzheimer's.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Alzheimer si okhudza kuiwala zinthu kokha, koma mavuto a khalidwe ndi maganizo omwe amabwera nawo ndi mbali ya matendawa.
- Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala pamavuto amenewa, onetsetsani kuti mwayesa njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga kupanga malo abata, kukhala ndi zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kulankhula mwachikondi komanso mokoma mtima .
- Mankhwala onse omwe atchulidwa m'nkhaniyi ali ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa komanso zoopsa zake. Sayenera kuyamba kapena kuyimitsidwa popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Ngati muwona kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe la wodwalayo, pakhoza kukhala chifukwa china chakuthupi (monga matenda a mkodzo). Chifukwa chake, choyamba pitani kwa dokotala wanu ndikukambirana naye.
- Kusamalira wokondedwa wanu ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Choncho, samalirani thanzi lanu la maganizo. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo ngati mukufuna thandizo.
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