Kodi chiwindi chanu chili pachiwopsezo? Zonse zokhudza matenda a chiwindi m'njira yosavuta

Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu, sichoncho? Chili ngati fakitale yaying'ono m'thupi lathu. Koma chiwindi ichi chingathenso kudwala matenda. Nthawi zina mwamva nkhani monga "chiwindi ndi cholimba", "chiwindi chawonongeka". Vuto limodzi lalikulu lotere limatchedwa cirrhosis ya chiwindi. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Choyamba tiyeni tiwone chomwe matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis ndi.

Mwachidule, matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis ndi matenda omwe chiwindi chawonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo maselo a chiwindi abwinobwino alowedwa m'malo ndi minofu ya zipsera . Monga momwe chipsera chimapangikira pakhungu lathu tikakhala ndi bala, ngati pali kutupa kosalekeza m'chiwindi, kapena chomwe timachitcha kuti hepatitis , minofu ya zipsera iyi imapangika pamene chiwindi chikuyesera kudzichiritsa chokha. Koma minofu ya zipsera iyi ikachulukana, chiwindi sichingagwire ntchito bwino. Iyi ndi gawo lomaliza la chiwindi chomwe chimalephera pang'onopang'ono ( kulephera kwa chiwindi kosatha).

Kodi pali magawo osiyanasiyana a cirrhosis?

Inde, matenda a cirrhosis si chinthu chomwe chimachitika mwadzidzidzi. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono, pakapita nthawi.

• Gawo Loyambirira (Cirrhosis Yolipidwa): Pa gawoli, ntchito ya chiwindi chanu imachepa pang'ono, koma thupi lanu limasintha momwe limagwirira ntchito, kotero simungakumane ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zilizonse. Mwina simungazindikire.
• Gawo lotsatira (Decompensated Cirrhosis):Pamene kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kukuchulukirachulukira, ntchito ya chiwindi imachepa kwambiri. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mumayamba kuwona zizindikiro zomveka bwino. Izi ndi zoopsa pang'ono.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku chiwindi ndi thupi chifukwa cha matenda a cirrhosis?

Chilondachi m'chiwindi chimaletsa kuyenda kwa magazi ndi mpweya kudzera m'chiwindi. Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani?

• Mphamvu ya chiwindi yoyeretsa magazi, kukonza zakudya, komanso kusefa poizoni imachepa.
• Kupanga kwa ndulu ndi mapuloteni ofunikira m'magazi omwe amapangidwa ndi chiwindi kumachepa.
• Chilondachi chingathe kufinya mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa chiwindi. Makamaka pamene mitsempha yofunika kwambiri, monga njira ya mtsempha wa portal, yapanikizidwa, vuto lotchedwa portal hypertension lingachitike. Izi ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa za matenda a chiwindi.

Kodi cirrhosis ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a cirrhosis ndi matenda ofala kwambiri. Amaonedwa kuti ndi omwe amachititsa kwambiri kugonekedwa m'chipatala komanso kufa, makamaka munthu akakula. Izi zili choncho chifukwa akuchulukirachulukira mofulumira. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, pafupifupi 0.25% ya akuluakulu ndi pafupifupi 0.50% ya akuluakulu azaka zapakati pa 45 ndi 54 akuti ali ndi matenda a cirrhosis. Mkhalidwewu sungathe kunyalanyazidwa ku Sri Lanka. Matenda a cirrhosis ndi vuto lalikulu la thanzi padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi zizindikiro za cirrhosis ya chiwindi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matenda a cirrhosis zimadalira kuopsa kwa matendawa. Poyamba, sipangakhale zizindikiro konse. Kapena pangakhale zizindikiro zochepa zosamveka bwino zomwe zimafanana ndi matenda ena. Zizindikiro zimaonekera kwambiri pamene ntchito ya chiwindi ikuchepa. Mwachitsanzo, pali zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera pamene ndulu sikuyenda bwino ndipo imasonkhana m'mbali zina za thupi.

Kodi zizindikiro zoyamba za cirrhosis ndi ziti?

Pa gawo loyamba la matendawa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingawonekere:

• Kusanza kapena kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya .
• Kutopa , kutopa.
• Malaise ndi kumva kudwala kwa thupi lonse.
• Ululu m'mimba chapamwamba, makamaka mbali yakumanja.
• Angiomas ya kangaude ndi mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imaoneka ngati ukonde wa kangaude pakhungu.
• Kufiira kwa manja a kanjedza (palmar erythema).

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti pamene matendawa akupitirira?

Zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera pamene matenda a cirrhosis akupita patsogolo zingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito ya chiwindi ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa portal.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito ya chiwindi:

• Kuoneka kwachikasu pakhungu ndi m'maso kumatchedwa jaundice.
• Khungu loyabwa (Pruritus) (lopanda ziphuphu zoonekera bwino).
• Mkodzo wakuda ndi ndowe zopepuka.
• Mavuto a m'mimba, makamaka ndi zakudya zamafuta.
• Kuoneka kwa mafuta achikasu pang'ono pakhungu kapena m'zikope.
• Kuchepetsa thupi kosamveka bwino komanso kuchepa kwa minofu.
• Zotsatira pa ntchito ya ubongo (Hepatic Encephalopathy) - monga kulephera kukumbukira, kusokonezeka, ndi kusintha kwa malingaliro.
• Kulephera kwa kayendedwe ka thupi - kugwedezeka, kunjenjemera.
• Kusakhazikika kwa msambo mwa akazi.
• Kukula kwa mabere ndi kuchepa kwa ma testicular mwa amuna.

Zizindikiro za Portal Hypertension:

• Kutupa m'mimba, kusunga madzi m'mimba (ascites).
• Kutupa kwa manja, mapazi, miyendo ndi/kapena nkhope (edema).
• Kutuluka magazi mosavuta komanso kuphwanya magazi (coagulopathy).
• Kusanza magazi kapena kutulutsa magazi m'chimbudzi.
• Kuchepa kwa mkodzo wotuluka (kungakhale chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso kwa nthawi yayitali).
• Kuvuta kupuma (kungakhale chifukwa cha kulephera kupuma nthawi zonse).

Kodi zifukwa za cirrhosis ya chiwindi ndi ziti?

Matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutupa kosatha kwa chiwindi. Matenda aliwonse omwe amayambitsa kutupa kosatha kwa chiwindi (hepatitis yosatha) angayambitse matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis. Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Matenda a chiwindi omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mowa: Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi komwe kumachitika chifukwa chomwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale kuti mowa ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha matenda a chiwindi, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe sizili mowa.
• Matenda a chiwindi osakhala mowa (NASH): Kuwonongeka kosatha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta ochulukirapo m'chiwindi. Kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (monga matenda a shuga), komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa C osatha: Matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa C ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi. Kwa anthu ambiri, amakhala matenda osatha. Tsopano amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa mavairasi. Koma anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti ali nawo.
• Matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa B osatha: Matenda a chiwindi a mtundu wa B ndi matenda omwe amafalikiranso ndi mavairasi. Mwa anthu ochepa, amatha kukhala osatha. Ngati ndi choncho, amakhala a moyo wonse. Pali chithandizo, koma sichingathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.

Palinso zifukwa zomwe sizimafala kwambiri:

• Matenda a biliary autoimmune: Matenda ena a autoimmune angayambitse kutupa kosatha kwa chiwindi. Zitsanzo ndi monga matenda a chiwindi a autoimmune, cholangitis yoyamba ya biliary, ndi cholangitis yoyamba ya sclerosing.
• Matenda a majini: Matenda ena obadwa nawo angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi mwa kupangitsa poizoni kudziunjikira m'chiwindi. Zitsanzo zake ndi matenda osungira glycogen, cystic fibrosis, ndi matenda a Wilson.
• Matenda a chiwindi oopsa: Kudwala matenda enaake a chiwindi kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake nthawi zonse (ngakhale mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amaperekedwa ndi dokotala) kungawononge chiwindi.
• Matenda a mtima: Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kungayambitsidwenso ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti magazi azisonkhana m'chiwindi (monga kulephera kwa mtima) kapena matenda omwe amaletsa magazi kufika m'chiwindi (monga ischemia yosatha).

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli?

Mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a cirrhosis a chiwindi ngati:

• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 50.
• Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya kumwa mowa kwambiri.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi a nthawi yayitali.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la metabolic syndrome ( monga kuphatikiza matenda monga kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, shuga wambiri m'magazi, ndi cholesterol yambiri).

Kodi mavuto a cirrhosis ndi otani?

Pali zotsatirapo zambiri zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'thupi.

Mavuto ofala:

• Kumva kudwala, kutopa, komanso chifunga m'maganizo chifukwa cha poizoni wochuluka m'thupi.
• Kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, kuchira kwa bala mochedwa.
• Kutupa chifukwa cha madzi otuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Kusalinganika kwa mahomoni ndi kusowa kwa michere.
• Mavuto a m'mimba, kusayamwa bwino zakudya, komanso kusowa zakudya m'thupi.
• Kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa ubongo ndi mavuto olamulira minofu.

Mavuto aakulu omwe angakhale oopsa kwa moyo:

• Matenda a m'mimba komanso kutuluka magazi m'mimba.
• Matenda a bakiteriya otchedwa peritonitis.
• Kulephera kwa impso (Hepatorenal syndrome).
• Kulephera kupuma (Hepatopulmonary syndrome).
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Khansa ya chiwindi.

Kodi matenda a cirrhosis a chiwindi amawapeza bwanji?

Dokotala adzayamba kaye wakuyezani thupi lanu kuti aone ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi. Adzakufunsani mafunso okhudza nthawi yomwe zizindikiro zanu zinayamba komanso ngati zasintha pakapita nthawi. Adzakufunsaninso za mbiri yanu yachipatala, mankhwala, zitsamba, ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumamwa, zakudya zanu, ndi moyo wanu. Adzafufuza zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi kapena kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Pokhapokha pamene mayeso azachipatala adzachitika kuti atsimikizire ngati pali matenda a chiwindi. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mayeso a magazi:Kuyezetsa kwa chiwindi kungasonyeze zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi. Izi zimayesa zinthu monga ma enzymes a chiwindi, mapuloteni, ndi bilirubin. Kuyezetsa magazi kungasonyezenso zinthu monga kuchepa kwa magazi kuundana.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga ultrasound ya m'mimba, CT scan, kapena MRI angasonyeze kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi momwe chiwindi chilili. Mayeso apadera ojambulira otchedwa elastography amatha kuyeza kuuma kapena fibrosis m'chiwindi.
• Kufufuza chiwindi: Iyi ndi njira yaying'ono. Chitsanzo chaching'ono cha minofu chimatengedwa kuchokera ku chiwindi ndikuwunikidwa mu labotale. Chitsanzochi nthawi zambiri chimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopanda kanthu. Ngakhale sikofunikira nthawi zonse, kusanthula chiwindi kungathandize kutsimikizira matenda a chiwindi ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa.

Kodi matenda a cirrhosis a chiwindi angachiritsidwe kapena kuthetsedwa?

Komabe, n'zotheka kuletsa kapena kuwongolera kufalikira kwa matenda a cirrhosis . Zimatengera chomwe chinayambitsa matendawa, momwe angachiritsidwire, komanso momwe mungayankhire bwino mukalandira chithandizo.

Kodi madokotala amachiritsa bwanji matenda a cirrhosis?

Chithandizo cha matenda a cirrhosis chimaphatikizapo:

• Ngati n'kotheka, lamulirani chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa (chepetsani kapena siyani kuwonongeka).
• Kusintha zakudya zosavuta komanso moyo kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwa chiwindi.
• Kuyang'anira kapena kufufuza mavuto a cirrhosis.
• Pomaliza, kuyika chiwindi .

Kuchiza chifukwa

Matenda ena a chiwindi amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala oletsa mavairasi amatha kuchiritsa matenda a chiwindi a C osatha, koma amatha kungolamulira (osati kuchiritsa) matenda a chiwindi a B osatha. Corticosteroids ndi mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi angathandize kuwongolera matenda ena a autoimmune.

Ngati chiwindi chawonongeka ndi mowa kapena poizoni wina, chithandizo chokhacho ndicho kuchotsa poizoniyo m'moyo wanu. Anthu ena angafunikenso kulandira chithandizo cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati chiwindi chawonongeka ndi zinthu zomwe sizili mowa (monga NASH), kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya monga cholesterol, shuga m'magazi, ndi kunenepa kwambiri kungathandize.

Chakudya ndi moyo

Ngakhale matenda a chiwindi chanu atakhala chifukwa cha china chake, kupewa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amawononga chiwindi kungathandize kuteteza chiwindi chanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Zomwe zimayambitsa kupsinjika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya zingachitikenso. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a chiwindi azidya zakudya zabwino ndikuyesera kukhala ndi thupi labwino. Anthu ena angafunikenso kumwa zakudya zowonjezera kuti athetse vuto la kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Chithandizo cha mavuto

Dokotala wanu akangokupezani ndi matenda a cirrhosis, adzafufuzanso zotsatirapo zoyipa zodziwika bwino. Matenda a hypertension ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Alinso ndi mavuto ake, omwe amafunika chithandizo chapadera.

Mungafunike zinthu monga:

• Njira yaying'ono yotsekera mtsempha wotuluka magazi.
• Kuika magazi kuti abwezeretse kuchuluka kwa maselo a magazi.
• Kuchotsa impso mu dialysis.
• Chithandizo cha okosijeni.
• Paracentesis ndi maantibayotiki kuti achotse madzi m'mimba (ascites).
• Mankhwala oletsa kutupa amathandiza kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa poizoni m'zakudya.

Khansa ya chiwindi

Khansa ya chiwindi ndi vuto lina loopsa la matenda a chiwindi. Si aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a chiwindi amene adzadwala khansa ya chiwindi, koma anthu ambiri amene ali ndi khansa ya chiwindi ali ndi matenda a chiwindi. Ngati khansa iyamba ndi matenda a chiwindi, mankhwala a khansa monga radiation kapena chemotherapy angaperekedwe. Kapena, dokotala wanu angasankhe kuti kuikidwa chiwindi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.

Kusamutsa Chiwindi

Madokotala amalangiza kuti muyike chiwindi ngati akuganiza kuti thanzi lanu lidzaipiraipira popanda kuyika chiwindi. Izi zitha kukhala choncho ngati muli ndi vuto la chiwindi, khansa ya chiwindi, komanso/kapena simukulandira chithandizo cha matenda anu a chiwindi. Ngati muli oyenerera kuyika chiwindi, mudzayikidwa pamndandanda wa anthu oyembekezera mdziko lonse.

Kodi cirrhosis ingapewedwe?

Matenda a chiwindi nthawi zambiri amatha kupewedwa kuti asapitirire kukhala matenda a chiwindi mwa kuchitapo kanthu msanga . Zimatengera ngati mukudziwa za matendawa komanso njira zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe. Popeza anthu ambiri alibe zizindikiro kumayambiriro, amatha kuzindikirika panthawi yoyezetsa thanzi lawo nthawi zonse. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha zinthu zofunika kapena kuyamba chithandizo.

Kodi chiwindi chingachiritsidwe pambuyo pa cirrhosis?

Mukakhala ndi matenda a cirrhosis, chiwindi chanu sichimachira. Koma sichimachiranso . Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro (cirrhosis yolipidwa), mutha kukhalabe choncho kwa kanthawi. Ngati mungathe kuletsa kapena kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsa matenda a cirrhosis, matendawa sangapitirire mpaka kufika pamlingo wochepa. Koma muyenera kusamalira chiwindi chanu moyo wanu wonse.

Kodi munthu amakhala ndi moyo wautali bwanji akakhala ndi matenda a cirrhosis?

Chiyembekezo cha moyo munthu akadwala matenda a cirrhosis chimasiyana malinga ndi zinthu zambiri:

• Kuopsa kwa matendawa (kulipidwa kapena kuchotsedwa).
• Mavuto omwe mukukumana nawo.
• Kupulumuka ndi kupambana kwa chithandizo.
• Thanzi lanu lonse kapena ngati muli ndi matenda ena aliwonse.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera monga njira ya Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) ndi Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) kuti aone momwe mulili ndi kudziwa malo anu pamndandanda woyembekezera woikidwa chiwindi.

Poyamba matenda a "cirrhosis yolipidwa", nthawi yoyembekezera moyo imatha kukhala zaka zoposa 15. Pamene matenda oopsa a portal ayamba, amachepetsa nthawi yoyembekezera moyo chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi mkati. Avereji ya nthawi yoyembekezera moyo ya "cirrhosis yolipidwa" ndi pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Nthawi imeneyi imatha kukhala yochepa kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda aakulu, osachiritsika komanso mavuto ena. Kwa anthu ena, imatha kukhala yosakwana zaka ziwiri. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ziwerengerozi sizili zofanana kwa aliyense.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji ndikakhala ndi matenda a chiwindi otchedwa cirrhosis?

Zinthu izi zingathandize kutalikitsa moyo wa chiwindi chanu:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zopanda mafuta ambiri komanso mapuloteni opanda mafuta ambiri .
• Pewani mowa, fodya, ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa popanda upangiri wa dokotala momwe mungathere.
• Imwani mankhwala okha monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa.
• Musaphonye mayeso azachipatala omwe adakonzedwa komanso kufufuzidwa kuti muwone ngati pali zovuta.