Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za chibayo.

Kodi mwakhala ndi malungo chifukwa cha chifuwa kwa masiku angapo? Kodi mumamva kupweteka pachifuwa mukamapuma? Mungaganize kuti ichi ndi chimfine wamba kapena chimfine. Komabe, chingakhale chinthu choopsa pang'ono. Lero, tikambirana za chibayo . Palibe choopa, ngati titadziwitsidwa bwino za izi, tingadziteteze mosavuta ku vutoli.

Mwachidule, kodi chibayo n’chiyani?

Chibayo ndi matenda a m'mapapo mwathu . Tangoganizirani, mapapo athu ali ndi timatumba tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya (alveoli) komwe mpweya umasonkhana komanso machubu a mpweya (bronchioles) omwe amalumikizana nawo. Chibayo chimachitika pamene timatumba ta mpweya timeneti timadzaza ndi madzi kapena mafinya chifukwa cha kachilombo kena. Kenako zimakhala zovuta kuti tipeze mpweya wochuluka womwe timafunikira.

Aliyense akhoza kutenga matendawa. Koma ana osakwana zaka ziwiri ndi akuluakulu opitirira zaka 50 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chitetezo chawo cha mthupi sichili champhamvu mokwanira kuti chithane ndi majeremusi amenewa. Anthu omwe amasuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa kwambiri ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a chibayo.

Chibayo chingakhudze mapapu amodzi kapena onse awiri. Chikakhudza mapapu onse awiri, nthawi zina chimatchedwa "chibayo cha m'mapapo awiri." Anthu ena sangadziwe kuti ali ndi chibayo. Izi zimatchedwanso "chibayo choyenda." Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro sizili zoopsa kwambiri moti zimatha kupitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya chibayo ndi iti?

Chibayo chingagawidwe m'magulu akuluakulu angapo kutengera chomwe chimayambitsa.

Kodi inunso muli ndi zizindikiro izi?

Zizindikiro za chibayo zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wanu, thanzi lanu, komanso chifukwa cha matendawa. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patatha masiku ochepa.

• Chifuwa: Nthawi zambiri chifuwa chokhala ndi mamina chimachitika.
• Malungo, thukuta , ndi kuzizira.
• Kuvuta kupuma : Kumva kusowa mpweya ngakhale mutatopa pang'ono.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa: Kupweteka pachifuwa popuma mpweya wozama kapena kukhosomola.
• Kutopa ndi kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya .
• Kusanza , kusanza , kapena kutsegula m'mimba.
• Milomo yabuluu kapena misomali: Izi zimasonyeza kuti mpweya uli wochepa m'magazi.
• Kwa okalamba: Nthawi zina okalamba sangakhale ndi malungo, koma m'malo mwake amatha kusokonezeka kapena kutentha thupi kutsika kuposa kwachibadwa.
• Kwa ana aang'ono: Makanda aang'ono sangasonyeze zizindikiro zoonekeratu, koma muyenera kuda nkhawa ngati nthawi zonse amakhala osakhazikika, otopa, okana kumwa mkaka, osanza, kapena akuvutika kupuma.

Kodi chibayo chimayambitsa chiyani ndipo chimapatsirana?

Kawirikawiri, chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimalimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amalowa m'thupi mwathu. Koma nthawi zina, majeremusiwa akakula, amagonjetsa chitetezo chamthupi ndikuyambitsa matenda m'mapapo.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya majeremusi omwe amayambitsa chibayo ndi mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya.

Kodi chibayo chimafalikira?

Inde, chibayo chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi chingathe kupatsirana. Chingafalikire kudzera m'madontho omwe amatuluka mumlengalenga munthu wodwala akamalankhula, kutsokomola, kapena kuyetsemula. Muthanso kutenga matendawa pokhudza malo oipitsidwa kenako n’kukhudza mphuno kapena pakamwa panu.

Kodi chimfine kapena COVID zimayambitsa chibayo?

Inde. Kachilombo ka `Influenza` (komwe kumayambitsa chimfine) ndi kachilombo ka `SARS-CoV-2` (komwe kumayambitsa Covid-19) kangakhudze mapapo mwachindunji ndikuyambitsa chibayo. Kachilomboka kamafooketsanso chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azitha kutenga kachilomboka mosavuta.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga chibayo?

Monga tanenera kale, ngakhale aliyense atha kukhala ndi vutoli, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo monga mphumu kapena COPD.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena akuluakulu monga matenda a mtima ndi matenda a shuga.
• Anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala a chemotherapy chifukwa cha khansa kapena omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka chifukwa cha matenda monga Edzi.
• Anthu omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali kuchipatala kapena m'nyumba zosungira okalamba.
• Anthu omwe amavutika kumeza.
• Anthu omwe amasuta kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha utsi wa ndudu.
• Anthu omwe amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi ndikuchiza bwanji?

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, ngati mumasuta fodya, komanso ngati pali wina aliyense kunyumba kapena kuntchito amene akudwala. Kenako adzamvetsera mapapu anu pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope. Ngati muli ndi chibayo, mungamve phokoso lapadera "logwedezeka" kuchokera m'mapapu anu pamene mukupuma.

Mayeso otsatirawa angachitike kuti atsimikizire matendawa:

• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Kuona komwe matendawa ali m'mapapo komanso momwe afalikira.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuti mudziwe ngati pali matenda a bakiteriya.
• Pulse Oximetry: Imayesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi mwa kuyika chinthu chonga chogwirira pa chala.
• Kuyesa kwa mkodzo: Kuzindikira kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa.

Chithandizo chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa chibayo, kuopsa kwake, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

• Pa chibayo cha bakiteriya: Mankhwala opha tizilombo amaperekedwa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa mankhwalawo molingana ndi chiwerengero cha masiku omwe dokotala wakupatsani, ngakhale mutakhala bwino.
• Pa chibayo choyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo: Mankhwala opha tizilombo sangathandize. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikupuma mokwanira, kumwa zakumwa, ndikumwa mankhwala a malungo.
• Pa chibayo cha bowa: Mankhwala oletsa bowa amaperekedwa.

Ngati zizindikiro zanu ndi zazikulu kapena muli ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala. Ku chipatala, mungapatsidwe mankhwala a saline ndi maantibayotiki kudzera m'mitsempha (IV), kupatsidwa mpweya, ndipo mwina mungachotse madzi m'mapapo mwanu.

Mukhoza kuchita izi pamene mukuchira kunyumba

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kunyumba pamene mukuchira.

• Kupuma ndiye chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Pumulani mokwanira momwe mungathere. Musapite kuntchito.
• Imwani madzi ambiri. Madzi akumwa, tiyi wotentha, ndi supu zingathandize kumasula mamina ndikuthandiza kuti atuluke.
• Funsani dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala a chifuwa. Chifukwa chakuti kutsokomola kwenikweni ndi njira yoti thupi litulutse mamina ndikuchotsa mapapo. Si nthawi zonse lingaliro labwino kuletsa.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu ndipo pewani kukhala pafupi ndi anthu omwe amasuta.
• Ngati muli ndi malungo, mutha kupeza mpumulo popukuta pamphumi panu ndi nsalu yonyowa.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku chibayo?

Njira yabwino yopewera chibayo ndikutsatira njira zosavuta izi.

• Sambani m'manja mwanu nthawi zonse ndi sopo.
• Pewani anthu odwala. Ngati mukudwala, pewani ena.
• Phimbani chifuwa chanu kapena kuyetsemula ndi pepala kapena chigongono chanu.
• Pewani kusuta fodya.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ena monga matenda a shuga kapena matenda a mtima, athetseni bwino.
• Katemerani: Pali katemera wovomerezeka wa chibayo ndi chimfine. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kulandira katemerayu, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu (ana aang'ono, okalamba, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena).
• Sungani chitetezo chanu chamthupi chili cholimba mwa kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi, kugona mokwanira, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.