Ese umwana wawe afite ADHD? Reka twige ibyiza byo kuvura mu muryango.

Ese umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo gukomeza kwibanda ku bintu? Ese ahura n'ingorane zo gukomeza kwibanda ku bintu? Ese ahora yinubira ishuri n'amasomo? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara twita ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Nk'umubyeyi, igitekerezo cyawe cya mbere muri iki gihe gishobora kuba imiti. Nubwo imiti ari igikoresho cyiza, ntabwo ishobora gukora byose. Nta kinini gishobora kukwigisha ingamba zikwiye zo kurera abana kugira ngo ugenzure imyitwarire y'umwana wawe, wongere icyizere cye, kandi ikiruta byose, kigufashe gucunga imihangayiko y'umwana wawe. Ariko, uburyo bwo kuvura mu muryango bushobora gufasha umuryango wose gukorera hamwe no gutanga umusaruro urambye.

Ni gute ubuvuzi bw'umuryango bwafasha?

Iyo ufite umwana urwaye ADHD mu rugo, ushobora kuba warabonye ko uburyo "busanzwe" dusanzwe dukoresha mu guhana abana, nko kubahana no kubaha ibihembo, butari bwo buri gihe bukora. Igihe cyo kwita ku bana no kuba bashishikajwe no kubafata nk'uko babyifuza bituma bigorana kubagenzura kurusha abandi bana. Ariko guhana buri gihe birushaho kwangiza imyitwarire yabo, kandi binagira ingaruka ku isura yabo.

Tekereza, iyo umuhungu wawe ajugunye igikinisho hasi, ukamubwira kugishyira ahantu, ariko asa n'aho atacyumva. Iyo umubwiye kubikora, atangira kurira. Iyo ibintu nk'ibi bikunze kubaho mu nzu, ikirere mu rugo kiba akajagari cyane.

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kuyoborwa n'ababyeyi cyangwa bugatuma umwana agira uruhare mu biganiro. Muri rusange, ibintu bikurikira bibaho kuri ubwo buryo bwose muri ubu:

• Umuryango wose wiga gukorera hamwe nk'umuryango umwe .
• Yongera ubushobozi bw'umwana bwo kugenzura amarangamutima ye n'ibikorwa bye.
• Imyitwarire y'umwana irushaho kuba myiza ku ishuri, mu rugo, hamwe n'abandi, ndetse no mu ruhame.
• Turakwigisha, mubyeyi, uburyo bwiza bwo kwita ku mwana wawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buyobowe n'ababyeyi

Niba ufite umwana ufite ADHD uri munsi y'imyaka 12, uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bushobora kuba uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire. Dutoza ababyeyi kubikora.Amahugurwa y'Ababyeyi, izwi kandi nka Behavioral Parent Training, ashingiye ku gitekerezo cy'uko uri umwarimu mwiza w'umwana. Impuguke zivuga ko ubu buryo bufite akamaro kuko abana bato badashobora kwicungira ibikorwa byabo bonyine badafashijwe n'imiryango yabo.

Muri ibi, uzahura n'umuganga w'indwara mu gihe cy'amasomo agera kuri 8 kugeza kuri 16. Muri iki gihe, uziga uburyo bushya bwo gukorana n'umwana wawe, ndetse n'uburyo ubwenge bw'umwana wawe bukora n'impamvu zimutera imyitwarire ye. Umwana ntazaza muri aya masomo ya mbere. Iyo yiteguye kwifatanya nawe, ufite imyaka iri hagati ya 8-10, tubyita ubuvuzi buhuriweho hagati y'ababyeyi n'abana. Muri icyo gihe, aya masomo ashobora kuba ari wowe n'umukunzi wawe gusa. Hari igihe hashobora kubaho ibiganiro by'amatsinda hamwe n'indi miryango nkawe.

Hagati y'ibi biganiro, ugomba kwitoza ibyo wize mu rugo. Hari igihe umujyanama azahura n'umuryango wawe wose kugira ngo barebe uko uburyo bukora n'uko urimo gutera imbere.

Ni iki wigira kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura?

Amahugurwa y'ababyeyi akubiyemo hafi buri gice cy'ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Mu magambo make:

• Nigute washyiraho imipaka mu buryo umwana wawe yumva? Nigute washyiraho amategeko asobanutse neza no kubwira umwana wawe icyo asabwa gukora mu buryo yumva.
• Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibidukikije byo mu rugo rwawe. Gushinga urugo rukurikiza igihe kandi rufite amategeko.
• Uburyo bwo kwibanda ku myitwarire runaka. Uhitamo imyitwarire mibi runaka hanyuma ukiga uburyo bwo kuyitwara. Ibi bishobora gusobanura guha imyitwarire myiza igihembo, gukuraho by'agateganyo uburenganzira ku myitwarire mibi, cyangwa gukoresha ibintu nko 'guhagarika akazi'. Umenya kandi igihe cyo kwirengagiza imyitwarire mibi imwe n'imwe.
• Uburyo bwo guhindura amakosa y'umwana wawe mo amahirwe yo kwiga. Abana bafite ADHD bagorwa no gusobanukirwa isano iri hagati y'ibikorwa byabo n'ingaruka zabyo ubwabo. Ushobora kubereka iyo sano.
• Uburyo bwo kumenyesha abandi barera abana (urugero, nyirakuru, nyirasenge) ubu buryo bushya no kubona ubufasha bwabo.

Ubujyanama n'imiti by'umuryango ku barwayi ba ADHD

Ku bana bari munsi y'imyaka 6, banza ubaze inzobere mbere yo gutanga imiti.Ndagusaba cyane ko wagerageza uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire y'ababyeyi. Ibi ntibivuze ko udakwiye gukoresha imiti na gato. Ariko, ibisubizo by'ubujyanama biraramba, kandi nta ngaruka mbi zikomoka ku miti. Ikindi kandi, nubwo umwana wawe yapimwa nabi indwara ya ADHD, ubu buryo bwo kuvura imyitwarire nta ngaruka buzagira.

Ariko ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko gutanga imiti hamwe n'ubujyanama mu muryango ari ikintu cyatsinze ku bana bari mu kigero cyo kujya mu ishuri. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, FDA muri Amerika ivuga ko abana barengeje imyaka 5 bagomba guhabwa imiti gusa iyo ubujyanama budahinduye nibura igice kimwe cy'ubuzima bwabo.

Nanone, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abana bungukira ku bujyanama bw'umuryango mu gihe bafata imiti bashobora kugabanya ingano y'imiti bahabwa .

Uburyo bwo kuvura hagati y'ababyeyi n'abana buhuriweho

Nubwo ubusanzwe amahugurwa y’ababyeyi agirwa inama ku bana bato, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ababyeyi n'abana bashobora kugera ku musaruro mwinshi iyo bahuye n'umujyanama hamwe. Ubu buryo burakora cyane cyane iyo umwana ageze mu bwangavu no mu bwana. Nubwo ibimenyetso bya ADHD bishobora kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita, umwana ashobora kuba agifite ibibazo by'amasomo n'imibereho. Kandi amakimbirane mu muryango ashobora kugumaho.

Nubwo umwana wawe yaba akiri muto, ushobora kwiga ingamba z'ingirakamaro zo kurera abana. Ariko zizatandukana bitewe n'imyaka n'imico y'umwana. Urugero:

• Umwana muto yitabira inama n'ababyeyi be.
• Ushobora kandi gufasha umwana wawe kubona ibisubizo by'imyitwarire ye mibi no guhitamo ibihano agomba gukoresha. Urugero, kumugenera umukoro aho kumugenera 'igihe cyo kuruhuka'.
• Iyo yize neza kandi akabona amanota meza mu bizamini, ashobora kwishyiriraho intego . Ibyo bivuze ikintu cy'ingenzi kuri we, nko kwemererwa gusohokana n'inshuti ze.