Imbaraga zitangaje z'ubwonko bwawe: Neuroplasticity ni iki?

Ese utekereza ko ubwonko bwawe buhora ari bumwe kandi ntibuhinduka? Si ko biri. Ubwonko bwacu ni urugingo rutangaje ruhora ruhinduka mu buzima bwacu bwose, rugenda ruhinduka uko twiga ibintu bishya, kandi rugakomeza gukomera bitewe n'uburambe. Ubu bushobozi butangaje bw'ubwonko bwo guhinduka no guhinduka muri ubu buryo ni cyo twita neuroplasticity mu buvuzi. Mu magambo make, iyo wize ikintu gishya, ugakora ubuhanga bushya, cyangwa ukumva amarangamutima akomeye nk'agahinda cyangwa gutungurwa, ubwonko bwawe burahinduka uko bikwiye. Uburyo bufasha ibi kubaho bwitwa neuroplasticity.

Ni gute imikorere y'ubwonko igira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu?

Tekereza ko umuntu yatakaje ubushobozi bwo kuvuga bitewe n'indwara nko kurwara paralysis cyangwa stroke. Ariko uko igihe kigenda gihita, ikindi gice cy'ubwonko kitangiritse gifata imikorere yo kuvuga. Buhoro buhoro, hamwe no kugarura ubuzima, umuntu ashobora kongera gukoresha ikindi gice cy'ubwonko kugira ngo avuge. Uru ni urugero rwiza rw'indwara z'ubwonko. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva ashobora kugira ubushobozi bwo kubona cyangwa guhumurirwa cyane. Ibi biterwa nuko ubwonko bwongera imikorere y'izindi nyunvo kugira ngo busubize igihombo. Buri kintu cyose twabonye, ​​buri gikorwa cyose twagize, bituma urusobe rw'imitsi hagati y'imitsi mu bwonko bwacu rwongera kubakwa no gutegurwa bundi bushya. Mu ntangiriro, iyo ubwonko bumaze kumenyera ikintu gishya, imikorere yabwo ni yo ihinduka. Ibi tubyita imikorere ya Plasticity . Ariko iyo ubikoze incuro nyinshi, imiterere y'ubwonko itangira guhinduka. Ibi tubyita imiterere ya Plasticity . Tekereza ko ugerageza kunoza uburyo utera iyo ukina cricket. Ufite amaboko yombi, ariko ubu urimo kuyakoresha mu buryo bushya kandi bwiza. Muri icyo gihe, uturemangingo two mu bwonko bwawe dufitanye isano n'icyo gikorwa dutangira gukururana mu buryo bushya. Uko ukomeza kwitoza, havuka imibanire mishya kandi ikomeye (synapses) hagati y'izo neurons. Uku niko kwiga ari.

Bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi uburyo neuroplasticity ikora

Hari uburyo bwinshi butandukanye ubwonko buhindukamo mu gitekerezo cya neuroplasticity. Reka turebe bumwe muri bwo.

• Ishingwa ry'uturemangingo dushya tw'imitsi (Neurogeneis):Ubwonko bw'umuntu mukuru bukora uturemangingo dushya duke cyane ugereranyije n'umwana, ariko abahanga bemeza ko iki gikorwa kikibaho muri hippocampus , igice cy'ubwonko gifite akamaro mu bintu nko kwibuka no kwiga.
• Uduce twa Dendritic: Iyo uturemangingo tw’imitsi twangiritse, uturemangingo tw’imitsi tuzima hafi aho dukura amashami mashya (dendrites) kugira ngo tufashe kuziba icyuho. Ibi bifasha kugarura imikorere mu gace kangiritse.
• Synaptogenesis: Iyo igikorwa kimwe gisubiwemo, uturemangingo tw’imitsi duhuye turakorana, kandi uko igihe kigenda gihita, havuka imikoranire mishya (synapses). Ibi bibaho vuba cyane mu bwana.
• Gukomeza Synaptic: Uko ukomeza gukora ikintu gishya, imikoranire y'imitsi (synapses) ifitanye isano na yo irushaho gukomera. Ibi bituma itumanaho hagati y'imitsi rirushaho kuba ryiza.
• Gutema Synaptic: Tekereza ko utakoresheje ikintu wize. Hanyuma imiyoboro y'ubwonko yakozweho ishobora gucika intege no kubura. Ibi ntabwo ari bibi cyane. Ni nk'ubwonko "bwisukura" bukuraho ibintu bitari ngombwa. Ibi bituma ubwonko burushaho gukora neza.

Amahame y'Uburyo bwo Guhindura Ubwonko mu Mitsi: Nigute Watoza Ubwonko?

Niba ubwonko bwacu buhinduka bitewe n'ibyo twanyuzemo, ese dushobora kunoza iyi gahunda duha ubwonko uburambe bwunguka kurushaho? Ese dushobora gukoresha ubu bumenyi kugira ngo dufashe ubwonko gukira nyuma yo kwangirika kurushaho? Yego. Bashingiye kuri ibi bitekerezo, abashakashatsi Jeffrey A. Kleim na Theresa A. Jones bashyizeho amahame 10 ya neuroplasticity. Basobanura uburyo kwiga bifasha ubwonko gukira nyuma yo kwangirika.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo turusheho kunoza ubuzima bw'ubwonko no guteza imbere ubwonko?

Dr. Tansy agira inama abashaka gukomeza kugira ubwonko bwabo bwiza no kubukoresha neza nk'ubu bushobozi bwitwa neuroplasticity gukurikiza gahunda ya "SHIELD".

• S - Gusinzira: Gusinzira amasaha 7-8 buri joro. Gusinzira ni ingenzi mu guhuza kwibuka no gukura uburozi budakenewe mu bwonko (urugero: ibisebe bishobora gutera indwara yo kwibagirwa).
• H - Guhangana n'imihangayiko : Shaka uburyo bwo gucunga imihangayiko yawe. Bishobora kuba ugutekereza ku byo ukora, imyitozo ngororamubiri, kwishimisha, cyangwa gusoma igitabo. Imihangayiko irambye ishobora gutera ububabare mu bwonko.
• I - Gukorana n'abandi: Gumana umubano ukomeye n'abandi, nko kuganira no gusabana n'inshuti n'abavandimwe beza. Ibi birinda ubuzima bw'ubwonko .
• E - Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Kora nibura iminota 150 y'imyitozo ngororamubiri iri hagati y'igihe n'iy'imbaraga mu cyumweru (iminsi 5, iminota 30 ku munsi). Imyitozo ngororamubiri itera imbaraga gukura kw'uturemangingo dushya tw'imitsi.
• L - Menya ibintu bishya: Menya kandi ukoreshe ibintu bishya, ubuhanga bushya, biguha imbogamizi. Ibi bikomeza synapses mu bwonko bwawe.
• D - Indyo : Indyo ikungahaye ku mboga, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, ibinyampeke , ibinure byiza, n'inyama nke zitukura (urugero: indyo yo mu karere ka Mediterane) ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bwonko.

Ubushobozi bwo mu bwonko buriyongera nyuma y’igikomere cyo mu bwonko cyangwa stroke kugira ngo bifashe mu nzira yo gukira. Urugero, ubwo bushobozi buba buri hejuru cyane mu mezi abiri cyangwa atatu ya mbere nyuma yo gucika intege. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane guhabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye bwo gusubirana muri iki gihe. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi kandi ubone ubuyobozi bukwiye.