Tekereza urimo uganira n'inshuti yawe ku rugendo rwawe ruheruka. Ese ubona ahantu wagiye n'ibintu byabaye mu mutwe wawe nk'uko wabirebye muri filime? Cyangwa, iyo umuntu avuze 'umupira utukura', ubona ishusho y'uwo mupira mu mutwe wawe? Ibi ni ibisanzwe cyane ku bantu benshi. Ariko kuri bamwe, ibi ntibishoboka. Ibyo ni byo twita aphantasia mu buvuzi.
Mu magambo make, Aphantasia ni iki?
Aphantasia si indwara cyangwa ubumuga. Ni impinduka gusa mu buryo ubwonko bwawe bukoresha amakuru. Mu by'ukuri, ni kimwe mu bigize kamere yawe.
Hari igice cy'ubwonko bwacu gitunganya amakuru aboneka. Ibi tubyita 'ishusho cortex'. Iki gice niho usobanukirwa ibyo ubona n'amaso yawe. Ni naho ureba cyangwa wibuka ibintu. Iki gice cy'ubwonko gikora mu buryo butandukanye gato ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kubura ubwenge.
Igikuru ni uko, aphantasia atari ukubura ubushobozi bwawe. Urasobanukirwa kandi ukibuka amakuru mu bundi buryo, udafite amashusho. Ibyo ni ibintu bidasanzwe cyane.
Ubu bushobozi bwo gutekereza mu bwenge buratandukanye kuri buri wese. Ni nk'umubare w'ibintu bifatika.
- Ku ruhande rumwe, hari abadashobora kwiyumvisha ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'ishusho (afantasia yuzuye).
- Ku rundi ruhande, hari abashobora kwiyumvisha amashusho asobanutse neza, agaragara neza kandi asobanutse neza (Hyp ERP hantasia).
- Abantu benshi bari hagati aho. Bamwe babona amashusho adasobanutse neza kandi adasobanutse neza.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hagati ya 2% na 4% by'abatuye isi bafite iyi ndwara. Ariko, kubera ko abantu benshi batazi ko bayirwaye, uyu mubare ushobora kuba uri hejuru cyane.
Impamvu ni izihe?
Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibarabona impamvu ifatika ibitera, ariko hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zirimo kuganirwaho.
Indwara yavutsemo
Abantu benshi bavukana indwara ya aphantasia. Babaho ubuzima bwiza kandi busanzwe. Bishobora no kuba biterwa n'imiterere y'umubiri . Ibi bivuze ko niba ufite iyi ndwara, hari amahirwe menshi ko umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wa hafi (mama, papa, umuvandimwe) nawe ayirwara.
Ahantasia yabonetse
Hari abantu batakaza ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwishushanya mu mutwe mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo. Ibi byitwa 'acquired aphantasia'. Ibi bishobora guterwa na:
- Ni iki kibera ubwonko?Impanuka : Gukomereka mu mutwe byatewe n'impanuka, nko kubabara mu mutwe.
- Stroke: Kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu bwonko.
- Ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe: Ni gake cyane, indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu mutwe (indwara zo mu mutwe, indwara yo kudakora ku muntu cyangwa kudakora ku mutima) na zo zishobora gutera izi ngorane mu gutekereza amashusho.
- Nyuma yo kwandura COVID-19: Hari abantu bagiye bahura n'ibibazo bitandukanye bijyanye n'ubwonko ( ubwonko bw'ibihu , umunaniro, guhangayika) nyuma yo kwandura COVID. Muri bo, hari abavuga ko bashoboraga kwiyumvisha neza, ariko nyuma bakabura ubwo bushobozi. Ubushakashatsi buracyakomeje kuri ibi.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya aphantasia?
Niba ufite afantasia, ushobora gutakaza ubunararibonye bw'ibitekerezo byawe n'ibyo wibuka. Ahubwo, ushobora gukoresha amagambo, ibintu, imibare, cyangwa ibindi byiyumvo kugira ngo ubike kandi usobanukirwe amakuru.
Reka tubisobanure neza mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Ibiranga/Kutamererwa neza | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Ingorane zo kugarura ubuzima mu bihe bigoye | Iyo wibutse ikintu nk'urugendo ku isabukuru yawe y'amavuko ya nyuma, bishobora kugaragara nk'urumuri kuri abandi, ariko ushobora kutabibona gutyo ukibuka gusa amakuru arambuye (nk'uwari uhari n'icyo wariye). |
| Kugorwa no gutekereza ku bintu by'ejo hazaza cyangwa ibintu by'imitekerereze | Iyo ubajijwe ikibazo nka "Wakora iki uramutse utsinze tombola?", bishobora kugorana kwiyumvisha icyo wakoresha amafaranga. Ahubwo, ushobora gukora urutonde rw'ibintu ugomba gukora nk'umugambi. |
| Ibibazo bijyanye no kwibuka ibintu bifatika | Bishobora kugorana kwibuka ibintu nk'amadirishya angahe inyubako ifite cyangwa uko isura y'inshuti yawe isa. Kubera ko udafite kwibuka ibintu bigaragara, wishingikiriza ku bintu bifatika. |
| Inzozi zagabanutse cyangwa zarahindutse | Hari abantu barwaye aphantasia barota bisanzwe. Ariko abandi ntibarota na gato, cyangwa inzozi zabo ntizisobanutse neza. Hari abavuga ko barota atari mu mashusho, ahubwo mu magambo cyangwa mu byiyumvo. |
Namenya nte niba ibi bihari?
Kubera ko aphantasia atari indwara, nta 'kwisuzuma' kwemewe kugaragara. Ariko, hari uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukora amashusho mu mutwe wawe.
Umuganga ashobora kubona igitekerezo kuri ibi akoresheje scan (`CT`, `MRI`, `EEG`) zigenzura imikorere y'ubwonko.
Ariko uburyo busanzwe kandi bworoshye gukoresha ni ugukoresha urupapuro rw'ibibazo . Ryitwa Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) . Ni ikizamini cyoroshye cy'ibibazo 16. Ushobora kugikoresha kuri interineti ku buntu. Kigusaba gutanga amanota ku buryo bugaragara ku buryo ushobora kwiyumvisha ibintu bine bitandukanye ku gipimo cya 1-5.
Niba ufite ikizamini nk'iki kandi ukaba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ibibazo ku bisubizo, ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukuganira na muganga w'umuryango wawe (umuganga). Ashobora kuguha ubuyobozi ukeneye.
Ese hari uburyo bwo kuvura aphantasia?
Nta 'muti' cyangwa 'umuti' uhari. Impamvu ni uko, nk'uko twabivuze mbere, Aphantasia atari indwara. Kubwibyo, nta mpamvu yo kuvurwa. Abantu benshi babaho ubuzima bwiza bafite ubu buryo bwihariye bwo gutunganya amakuru mu bwonko bwabo nta kibazo.
Ariko, niba wararwaye indwara yo mu bwonko, bivuze ko yatewe n'igikomere cyo mu bwonko, indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, cyangwa ikibazo cy'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, ni ngombwa gushaka ubuvuzi bw'impamvu nyamukuru. Ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga kuri ibi.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa) kuri Aphantasia
Umuntu urwaye aphantasia abona iki?
Umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kubura ubwenge abona isi mu maso ye nk'uko abandi bayireba. Nta tandukaniro rihari. Itandukaniro ryonyine ni iyo afunze amaso ye akagerageza kwiyumvisha ishusho mu bitekerezo bye. Hanyuma ntabone ishusho.
Ese hari isano iri hagati ya aphantasia n'ubwenge (IQ)?
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko abantu bafite indwara ya aphantasia bafite ubwenge bwinshi kurusha abafite hyperphantasia. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi kuri ibi buracyari buke, bityo ntibirashoboka kumenya neza niba hari isano iri hagati yabo.
Ese Aphantasia ni ubwoko bwa Autism?
Oya. Aphantasia ni ikimenyetso cy'uburyo umuntu atunganya amakuru. Autism ni indwara iterwa n'imikurire y'ubwonko. Nubwo ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bugaragaza isano iri hagati y'ibyo byombi, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hafatwe imyanzuro ihamye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ahantasia ni indwara aho ubwenge bwawe budashobora gukora amashusho. Si indwara cyangwa intege nke.
- Nubwo watakaje amashusho yo mu mutwe wawe, uracyashobora gutekereza, kwibuka no gusobanukirwa amakuru. Ukoresha ubundi buryo, nk'amagambo, ibintu bifatika, n'amajwi, kugira ngo ubigereho.
- Abantu benshi bamenyera ubuzima nta kibazo bafite, batazi ko bafite iyi ndwara.
- Iyo ugize iyi ndwara mu buryo butunguranye, nyuma y’impanuka cyangwa indwara, ni ngombwa kubibwira muganga hanyuma ukareba impamvu y’iyo ndwara.
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