Ese wigeze utekereza ko hari ikintu kibi cyihishe mu mazi tunywa n'ibyo turya buri munsi kitagaragara ku maso yacu, kidafite uburyohe, kandi kidafite impumuro? Mu by'ukuri birashoboka. Ni cyo arsenic ari cyo. Ushobora kuba warumvise iri zina mu binyamakuru no kuri televiziyo. Ariko ukuri ni uko, ni ingenzi cyane kuri twese kumenya ingaruka rishobora kugira ku buzima bwacu. Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Arsenic ni iki?
Muri make, arsenic ni ikintu cy’ubutabire gisanzwe kiboneka mu butaka no mu mabuye y’isi yacu. Kimwe n’icyuma na kalisiyumu . Ariko ikibazo ni uko arsenic ari uburozi ku mibiri yacu . Yongerwa ku bidukikije bitewe n’iruka ry’ibirunga, riturutse mu butaka, ndetse no mu myanda imwe n’imwe iva mu nganda.
Arsenic iboneka mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi.
1. Arsenic y'umwimerere: Iyi ni arsenic ivanze na karuboni. Ikunze kuboneka mu bimera n'inyamaswa. Ifite uburozi buke ugereranyije n'ubundi bwoko.
2. Arsenic idakomoka ku bimera : Iyi ni yo bwoko buteye akaga cyane kandi buhumanya . Iyi ni yo ikunze kwanduza amazi yo kunywa n'ubutaka. Iyi bwoko irekurwa mu bidukikije iva mu nganda n'ibiti byavuwe n'umuvuduko.
Iyo tuvuze ku " uburozi bwa arsenic", tuba tuvuga cyane cyane ku kunywa arsenic idakora.
Ibi byinjira mu mibiri yacu gute?
Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi arsenic ishobora kwinjira mu mibiri yacu. Ndetse n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rivuga ko kwanduzwa na arsenic mu mazi yo munsi y'ubutaka ari cyo kibazo gikomeye ku buzima rusange ku isi.
- Binyuze mu mazi yo kunywa: Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi kandi buteje akaga cyane. Amazi yo mu iriba, abantu benshi bakoresha, cyane cyane mu bihugu nk'icyacu, ashobora kwanduzwa na arsenic iboneka mu butaka mu duce tumwe na tumwe. Kubera ko arsenic idafite uburyohe, ibara, cyangwa impumuro, nta buryo bwo kumenya niba ubu burozi buri mu mazi hatabayeho kuyapima.
- Ibiryo:Arsenic iri mu butaka yinjizwa n'ibimera. Ibi bishobora gutuma ingano ya arsenic izamuka mu biribwa bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane umuceri. Amafi amwe, inkoko, n'ibihumyo na byo bishobora kuba birimo arsenic. Ariko, kubera ko iyi ari inzira karemano, ntibishoboka gukuraho arsenic burundu mu biribwa.
- Mu guhumeka: Arsenic ishobora no kunyobwa no guhumeka ivumbi cyangwa imyuka irimo (urugero, ituruka mu nganda zimwe na zimwe).
Igikuru ni uko iyo arsenic imaze kwinjira mu mubiri, yiyongera buhoro buhoro. Aho kuyikoresha inshuro nyinshi icyarimwe, ni ukwiyongera buhoro buhoro kwa arsenic uko igihe kigenda gihita bitera indwara z’igihe kirekire kandi ziteje akaga.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uburozi bwa arsenic?
Ibimenyetso byabyo biratandukanye bitewe n'ingano n'igihe umuntu yariye arsenic. Bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: uburozi bukabije, bubaho iyo umuntu ariye menshi icyarimwe, n'uburozi buhoraho, bubaho iyo umuntu ariye make mu gihe runaka.
| Ibimenyetso by'uburozi bwa arsenic | |
|---|---|
| 1. Ibimenyetso by'ubukana - Iyo umuntu anyoye byinshi icyarimwe | |
| Sisitemu yo gugogora | Kubabara mu gifu cyane, isesemi, kuruka (rimwe na rimwe amaraso), no gucibwamo cyane. |
| Ibindi bintu | Uburyohe bw'icyuma cyangwa tungurusumu mu kanwa, kuribwa umutwe cyane, kubabara imitsi. |
| Mu bihe bikomeye | Imikorere y'umutima n'imitsi ishobora kwangirika ndetse n'urupfu rushobora kubaho. Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ujya mu bitaro byihutirwa (ETU). |
| 2. Ibimenyetso bidakira - Ibimenyetso bikura uko igihe kigenda gihita | |
| Impinduka z'uruhu | Uruhu rubyimba (cyane cyane intoki n'ibirenge), impinduka mu ibara ry'uruhu (uduheri tw'umukara cyangwa umweru), n'uduheri duto ku ruhu. |
| Udutsinga tw'imitsi | Indwara nko kugira ibinya, kubura ibyiyumvo, no gucika intege igice cy'umubiri. |
| Izindi ngaruka z'igihe kirekire | Imikorere y'umutima idakora neza, gusinzira, isesemi, kutabona neza, gucika intege, ndetse n'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri zitandukanye. |
Ingaruka z'ubuzima bw'igihe kirekire ni izihe?
Aha niho tugomba kwibanda cyane. Kurya arsenic igihe kirekire bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima.
- Kanseri: Arsenic idakomoka ku bimera ni kanseri izwiho kwandura. Ni yo mpamvu ikomeye itera kanseri y'uruhu, kanseri y'ibihaha, kanseri y'uruhago, kanseri y'impyiko, na kanseri y'umwijima.
- Diyabete: Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje isano iri hagati yo kurya arsenic n'indwara z'imikorere y'umubiri nka diyabete.
- Indwara z'umutima: Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima no gutera umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso n'izindi ndwara z'umutima.
- Ingaruka ku bana: Abana bahura n'ibintu bya arsenic bakiri abana bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zitandukanye bamaze gukura. Izi ngaruka zishobora kumara imyaka myinshi nyuma yo kubabara.
Reka twige ku bijyanye no gusuzuma no kuvura.
Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso cyangwa ukeka ko ufite uburozi bwa arsenic, ugomba kujya kwa muganga . Muganga azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, kandi nibiba ngombwa, aguhe ibizamini kugira ngo arebe urugero rwa arsenic mu mubiri wawe.
- Ibipimo by'inkari
- Gupima amaraso
- Isesengura ry'urutoki n'umusatsi
Ku bijyanye no kuvura, nta "muti" umwe kandi ufatika wo kuvura uburozi bwa arsenic uraboneka. Ikintu cyiza cyakorwa ni ukwirinda kunywa arsenic.
Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’uburozi bukabije, uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa "chelation therapy" bukoreshwa mu gukuraho arsenic mu mubiri. Ariko, bushobora no kugira ingaruka mbi bityo bugakorwa gusa munsi y’ubuyobozi bwa muganga.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko gufata vitamine folike aside buri munsi bishobora kugabanya urugero rwa arsenic mu maraso y'abantu bahura n'ibintu bya arsenic igihe kirekire. Ariko, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe mbere yo gukora kimwe muri ibi bintu.
Niba ukeka ko hari uburozi, ushobora kandi guhamagara Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku burozi mu Bitaro by'Igihugu bya Colombo kugira ngo ugire inama.
Ni gute wakwirinda arsenic?
Kwirinda ni byiza incuro igihumbi kuruta kuvura. None se twakwirinda dute uyu mwanzi utagaragara?
- Suzuma amazi y'iriba ryawe: Niba ukoresha amazi y'iriba, ni ngombwa kuyasuzuma buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba nta arsenic n'ibindi byuma bikomeye bifite. Ushobora kubikora uhamagara Umugenzuzi w'Ubuzima rusange wo mu gace utuyemo (PHI) cyangwa ikigo cya leta kibishinzwe.
- Akayunguruzo k'amazi: Wibuke ko akayunguruzo k'amazi gasanzwe mu ngo kadashobora gukuraho arsenic. Akayunguruzo kadasanzwe (urugero: reverse osmosis, alumina ikora) kagenewe gukuraho arsenic karakenewe.
- Indyo: Kurya indyo yuzuye y’ibiryo bitandukanye, aho kwibanda ku bwoko bumwe bw’ibiryo, cyane cyane umuceri ukomoka mu gace kamwe.
- Umutekano wo ku kazi: Niba ukorera mu nganda aho ushobora guhura n'ibintu birimo arsenic (urugero: ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, imiti ikoreshwa mu buhinzi), kurikiza amabwiriza y'umutekano atangwa n'ikigo cyawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Arsenic ni uburozi buteye ubwoba butagira uburyohe, impumuro, cyangwa ibara kandi bushobora kuboneka mu mazi no mu biribwa bimwe na bimwe.
- Guhorana iyi ndwara igihe kirekire bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'uruhu, diyabete, indwara z'umutima na kanseri.
- Niba ukoresha amazi yo mu iriba, ni ngombwa cyane kuyapima kugira ngo arebe niba afite arsenic.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'igihe kirekire nko guhinduka k'uruhu bidasobanutse cyangwa kubura imiterere mu ngingo zawe, ntubifate nk'ibisanzwe ahubwo ujye kwa muganga.
- Kwirinda ni wo muti mwiza, bityo jya uhora witonze ku mazi meza n'indyo yuzuye.
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