Ese amagufwa yawe agenda acika intege umunsi ku wundi? Reka twige ku ndwara ya osteoporosis!

Ese wigeze ugwa ukavunika ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru? Cyangwa wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi wabonye ko ugenda unanuka uko ugenda usaza? Ahari impamvu y'ibi bintu ni umwanzi udasobanutse nta n'umwe muri twe uvugaho cyane, ariko ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku bantu benshi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku mwanzi udasobanutse, ari we osteoporosis .

Indwara ya osteoporose ni iki?

Muri make, indwara yo gucika intege kw'amagufwa yawe. Ibi bituma amagufwa yawe arushaho kuba magufi kurusha uko bikwiye ndetse n'ubucucike bwayo bukagabanuka. Ni nk'amatafari yakoreshejwe mu kubaka urukuta ahinduka ubucucike kandi urukuta rugacika intege. Rero iyo ibi bibaye, amahirwe yo kuvunika amagufwa aba menshi cyane.

Ubusanzwe, amagufwa yacu arakomeye kandi arakomeye. Ashobora gushyigikira ibiro by'umubiri wacu no kwangiza ibyangiritse biva mu kugwa no gukomereka bito. Ariko uko tugenda dusaza, amagufwa yacu atakaza ubucucike bwayo kandi umuvuduko wayo wo kuvugurura ukagabanuka. Iyo urwaye indwara ya osteoporosis, amagufwa yawe aba yoroshye kandi afite intege nke kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Abantu benshi ntibazi ko bafite indwara ya osteoporosis kugeza igihe bavunitse igufwa. Nubwo igufwa iryo ari ryo ryose rishobora kuvunika, akenshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi bikurikira:

• Kuvunika kw'ikibuno cyawe.
• Amagufwa yo ku kuboko.
• Udutsi two mu mugongo twavunitse.

Iyo umuganga abonye indwara ya osteoporosis hakiri kare, ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kuvunika. Rero, cyane cyane niba ufite imyaka irenga 65 , wavunitse igufwa nyuma y'imyaka 50, cyangwa niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya osteoporosis, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no kugenzura ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri, ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane kurusha uko wabitekereza. Mu gihugu nka Amerika, abantu barenga miliyoni 50 babana n’indwara ya osteoporosis. Iyi ndwara iri kwiyongera no muri Sri Lanka, cyane cyane uko abageze mu zabukuru biyongera.

Indwara ya osteoporose ikunze kugaragara mu bantu barengeje imyaka 50. Impuguke zivuga ko umugore umwe kuri babiri n'umugabo umwe kuri bane barengeje imyaka 50 bashobora kuba bafite osteoporose. Tekereza ku bantu bangahe uzi bashobora kuba bafite iyi ndwara.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'abantu barengeje imyaka 50 batararwara indwara ya osteoporosis baba bafite urwego runaka rw'ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Iyi ndwara yitwaOsteopenia. Osteopenia ni indwara igaragaza ibimenyetso bya mbere bya osteoporosis. Mu by'ukuri, ni nk'urumuri rutukura. Iyo idavuwe neza, indwara ya osteopenia ishobora guhinduka osteoporosis.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Osteoporose?

Kimwe n'izindi ndwara nyinshi, indwara ya osteoporosis ntabwo igaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragara. Niyo mpamvu abaganga rimwe na rimwe bayita "indwara idasobanutse."

Ntushobora kumva cyangwa kubona ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, bityo babwire ko ufite indwara ya osteoporosis. Niba udafite umutwe, umuriro, cyangwa igifu, bamenyeshe ko hari ikibazo mu mubiri wawe.

"Ikimenyetso" cy'ingenzi cy'ibi ni ugucika igufwa mu buryo butunguranye . Ibi bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo umuntu aguye gato, cyangwa se iyo agize impanuka ntoya akenshi idatera ikibazo na kimwe. Tekereza gato, nubwo wagwa gato uvuye ku ntebe, cyangwa se ugonga urugi, ushobora kuvunika ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru.

Nubwo indwara ya osteoporosis ishobora kutagira ibimenyetso, ushobora kubona impinduka zimwe na zimwe zigaragaza ko amagufwa yawe arimo gutakaza imbaraga n'ubucucike. Ibi ni ibimenyetso by'umuburo bya osteoporosis:

• Ushobora kugabanya uburebure bwawe na santimetero imwe cyangwa irenga. Ibi bishobora kubaho buhoro buhoro, bityo ushobora kutabibona ako kanya.
• Impinduka mu miterere yawe isanzwe (kwikubita imbere, kwikubita hasi). Hari abantu bavuga "gusinzira", ibintu nk'ibyo.
• Guhumeka bigoranye (niba uruti rw'umugongo wawe rwaba rwagabanutse kandi ubushobozi bw'ibihaha byawe bukaba bwaragabanutse).
• Ububabare mu mugongo wawe. Ntugatekereze ko ubu bubabare bw'umugongo gusa, cyane cyane niba nta yindi mpamvu ihari.

Ushobora gusanga bigoye kubona impinduka mu mubiri wawe. Bishobora korohera umuntu wa hafi yawe cyangwa umuryango wawe kubona izi mpinduka (cyane cyane mu burebure cyangwa imiterere). Nubwo hari abantu baseka bavuga ko "ugenda ugabanuka" uko ugenda ukura, ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko ukeneye kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo apimwe ubucucike bw'amagufwa.

Kuki habaho indwara yo kubura amaraso (osteoporosis)?

Ugukura kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis) bigenda bikura uko ugenda usaza, ubwo ubushobozi bw'amagufwa yawe bwo gukora andi mashya no kuyasana bugabanuka.

Amagufwa yacu ni ingingo nzima, kimwe n'indi mibiri yacu. Nubwo bisa nkaho bitameze gutyo, ahora avugurura uturemangingo n'ingingo mu buzima bwacu bwose. Tekereza nko kuvugurura inzu ishaje. Kugeza ku myaka 30 , imibiri yacu isanzwe yubaka amagufwa menshi kurusha ayo itakaza. Ibi bivuze ko ikigega cy'amagufwa kirimo gukura. Ariko nyuma y'imyaka 35, igipimo cyo kwangirika kw'amagufwa kirenga igipimo cyo gushinga amagufwa mashya. Ibi bigabanya buhoro buhoro uburemere bw'amagufwa. Ni nko gukura amafaranga muri banki vuba no kugabanya amafaranga wabikije.

Iyo ufite indwara ya osteoporosis, amagufwa yawe agabanuka vuba kurusha uko bisanzwe. Abagore batakaza amagufwa vuba cyane nyuma yo gucura , kuko igabanuka ry'umusemburo wa estrogen rigira ingaruka ku magufwa.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara yo gucika intege kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis)?

Umuntu wese ashobora kurwara osteoporosis, ariko hari amatsinda amwe ashobora kuyirwara. Muri ayo matsinda harimo:

• Umuntu wese urengeje imyaka 50. Ibi byago biriyongera uko ugenda ukura.
• Abagore, cyane cyane nyuma yo gucura. Twabiganiriyeho mbere.
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara yo kubura amaraso (osteoporosis) mu buryo bw'umurage. Niba nyoko, so, cyangwa abavandimwe bawe barwaye iyi ndwara, nawe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga.
• Abantu bafite ubunanuke karemano, bafite "uturemangingo duto." Ibi biterwa nuko abantu bafite ubunanuke muri rusange baba bafite ubunini buke bw'amagufwa, bityo no gutakaza gato bibagiraho ingaruka cyane.
• Abantu banywa itabi kandi bakarya ibikomoka ku itabi. Kunywa itabi byangiza cyane amagufwa.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kongera ibyago.

Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya osteoporosis. Urugero:

• Indwara z'imisemburo: Indwara iyo ari yo yose igira ingaruka ku misemburo ya parathyroid, imisemburo ya tiroyide, n'imisemburo (urugero: indwara ya tiroyide, diyabete).
• Indwara zo mu gifu: Urugero, indwara nka Celiac na Inflammatory Alawel Disease (IBD) zishobora gutuma umubiri udafata intungamubiri neza.
• Indwara z’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri zigira ingaruka ku magufwa: nka rubagimpande cyangwa ankylosing spondylitis.
• Indwara z'amaraso: Cyangwa kanseri zigira ingaruka ku maraso, urugero nka multiple myeloma.

Imiti imwe n'imwe ndetse n'ibagwa nabyo bifite ingaruka mbi.

Ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis) bishobora kwiyongera iyo umuntu afashe imiti imwe n'imwe igihe kirekire cyangwa abazwe bimwe na bimwe:

• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi:(Umuti ugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso kandi ugakuraho amazi arenze urugero mu mubiri).
• Corticosteroids: (Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo kubyimba nka asima na rubagimpande). Iyi iba iteje akaga cyane iyo ikoreshejwe igihe kirekire.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura igicuri.
• Kubaga kugabanya ibiro (kubaga Bariatric).
• Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri hakoreshejwe imisemburo (ku kanseri y'ibere cyangwa kanseri ya prostate).
• Imiti igabanya amaraso kuzura (imiti ibuza amaraso kuzura).
• Imiti igabanya ubushyuhe bwa proton pump ( imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura aside, nka gastritis; iyi miti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwinjiza kalisiyumu).

Ugomba kandi kureba imirire yawe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Imirire yawe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bigira ingaruka ku itera ry'indwara ya osteoporosis. Ibi ni ibintu dushobora kugenzura:

• Kutabona kalisiyumu cyangwa vitamine D ihagije mu mirire yawe. Kalisiyumu ni yo gice cy'ingenzi cy'amagufwa. Vitamine D ifasha umubiri kwinjiza kalisiyumu.
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihagije. Iyo udakoze imyitozo ngororamubiri, amagufwa yawe acika intege.
• Kunywa inzoga buri gihe (incuro zirenze ebyiri ku munsi).

## Indwara ya Osteoporose ipimwa ite?

Umuganga apima indwara ya osteoporosis akoresheje ikizamini cy’ubucucike bw’amagufwa . Ibi bipima imbaraga z’amagufwa yawe. Bikoresha imirasire ya X kugira ngo bipime ingano ya kalisiyumu n’indi myunyungugu iri mu magufwa yawe.

Abaganga rimwe na rimwe bita iki kizamini cyo gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa ko ari DEXA scan , DXA scan, cyangwa scan yo gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Aya yose ni amazina y'ikizamini kimwe.

Iki kizamini gikoresha imirasire yo hasi ya X kugira ngo gipime ubucucike n'imyunyungugu iri mu magufwa yawe. Bisa na X-ray isanzwe. Ni igikorwa cyo kwa muganga hanze, bivuze ko udakwiye kuguma mu bitaro. Ushobora gutaha nyuma yo gupimwa. Nta nshinge cyangwa inshinge zirimo muri iki kizamini. Rero nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo.

Kugenzura ubucucike bw'amagufwa yawe ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gufata indwara ya osteoporosis mbere yuko itera kuvunika.

Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya osteoporosis, niba ufite imyaka irenga 50, cyangwa niba ufite osteopenia, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kujya gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa buri gihe.

## Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya osteoporose?

Muganga wawe azakugira inama yo gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura buzatuma amagufwa yawe agabanuka kandi bugakomeza igufwa ryawe risanzwe. Ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kuvura indwara ya osteoporosis ni ukwirinda kuvunika kw'amagufwa.

Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane bwo kuvura indwara ya osteoporosis ni ubu:

• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeza amagufwa yawe (n'ingingo zose ziyahuza, nk'imitsi, imitsi, n'imitsi). Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ifasha mu gukomeza imitsi yawe no kunoza uburinganire bwawe. Imyitozo ngororamubiri irwanya imbaraga nke, nko kugenda n'amaguru, yoga, Pilates, na Tai Chi, ishobora kugufasha kunoza imbaraga zawe no kuringaniza uburinganire bwawe utiriwe ushyira umutwaro mwinshi ku magufwa yawe. Ushobora gukenera gukorana n'umuganga w'imitsi kugira ngo ubone imyitozo n'ingendo bikubereye.
• Vitamine n'imyunyu ngugu: Ushobora gukenera inyunyungugu za kalisiyumu cyangwa vitamine D zigurishwa ku giciro cya muganga cyangwa zigurishwa na muganga. Muganga wawe azakubwira ubwoko bw'ibikenewe, inshuro ugomba kuzifata, n'ingano ukeneye. Ni ngombwa kubona vitamine D mu biribwa bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu, nk'amata, foromaje, yawurute, imboga rwatsi, n'amafi mato, ndetse no mu gihe umuntu yibasiwe n'izuba.
• Imiti yo kuvura indwara ya osteoporosis: Muganga wawe azakubwira imiti ikubereye wowe n'umubiri wawe. Imwe mu miti isanzwe irimo imiti ivura imisemburo, nka estrogen cyangwa testosterone, hamwe n'imiti yitwa bisphosphonates . Abantu bafite indwara ikomeye ya osteoporosis cyangwa abafite ibyago byinshi byo kuvunika bashobora gukenera imiti nka parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues, denosumab, na romosozumab . Iyi miti ikunze gutangwa nk'inshinge.

## Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite indwara yo kubura amaraso?

Niba ufite indwara y’amagufwa, ugomba kwitega ko uzayifata igihe kirekire, akenshi ubuzima bwawe bwose. Ibi bivuze ko bitazakira mu ijoro rimwe. Uzakenera kujya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe no gupimwa ubucucike bw’amagufwa. Muganga wawe azakurikirana ubucucike bw’amagufwa yawe kandi ahindure uburyo bwo kuvura uko bikenewe. Bityo rero, ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze.

## Nigute wagabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis)?

Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kugenzura neza ko ubona kalisiyumu na vitamine D bihagije mu mirire yawe akenshi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde indwara ya osteoporosis. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara zawe n'ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe.

Ibuka ibi bintu kugira ngo wirinde impanuka:

Kurikiza izi nama z'umutekano kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kuvunika igufwa mu mpanuka:

• Buri gihe mwambare umukandara w'imodoka iyo uri mu modoka.
• Ambara ibikoresho by'umutekano bikwiye kuri buri gikorwa na siporo.
• Jya urinda urugo rwawe n'aho ukorera ibintu bitari ngombwa bishobora kugutera igisitaza cyangwa guhungabanya abandi. Witondere cyane cyane insinga, ibikinisho n'ibindi bintu biri hasi.
• Buri gihe koresha ibikoresho bikwiye kugira ngo ugere ku bintu uturutse hejuru. Ntuzigere uzamuka ku ntebe, ku meza, cyangwa ku meza.
• Ugomba gukurikiza indyo yuzuye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Niba ugorwa no kugenda cyangwa ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugwa, koresha inkoni cyangwa icyuma gikuyobora. Nta soni kirimo mu kubikoresha, ni ku bw'umutekano wawe.

## Nite niyitaho?

Gukurikiza indyo yuzuye no gukora siporo bizagufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe (ndetse no muri rusange). Jya kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Bashobora kugufasha kubona ibibazo cyangwa ibimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku magufwa yawe hakiri kare.

Niba ufite imyaka irenga 65, cyangwa niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara yo kubura amaraso, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Ntutinye cyangwa ngo ugire isoni zo kumubaza ibi.

## Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga niba ubonye impinduka mu mubiri wawe zishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kubura amaguru (nk'ukugabanuka k'uburebure, intege nke). Bibwire kandi muganga wawe ibindi bimenyetso byose ufite, cyane cyane niba ufite ububabare mu magufwa cyangwa ufite ikibazo cyo kwimuka k'umubiri wawe.

## Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ?

Niba utekereza ko igufwa ryawe ryavunitse, cyangwa niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER) ako kanya:

• Ububabare bukomeye.
• Niba udashobora kwimura igice cy'umubiri wawe.
• Niba igice cy'umubiri gisa n'ikidasanzwe cyangwa cyahindutse ugereranije n'aho cyari kiri mbere (nk'aho kigoramye, cyarambutse).
• Niba uruhu rwawe rwarambutse kandi igufwa ryawe rigaragara.
• Kubyimba.
• Hamwe n'ibindi bimenyetso, hagaragara ibikomere bishya.

## Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ntukibagirwe kubaza ibi bibazo:

• Ni izihe ngorane mfite zo kurwara indwara ya osteoporosis?
• Ni kangahe nzakenera gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi nkeneye? Ingaruka mbi zabwo ni izihe?
• Ni iyihe myitozo ngororamubiri myiza nshobora gukora kugira ngo nkomeze amagufwa yanjye?
• Ese nkeneye ubuvuzi bw'umubiri?
• Ni izihe mpinduka ngomba kugira mu mirire yanjye?

## Ushobora kumarana igihe kingana iki n'indwara yo kubura amaraso?

Indwara yo kuvunika amagufwa (osteoporose) si indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, bivuze ko idahindura igihe uzakomeza kubaho (igihe uzamara). Ariko, yongera ibyago byo kuvunika amagufwa. Yongera kandi ibyago byo kuvunika amagufwa bikomeye cyangwa ingorane zikomoka ku kuvunika amagufwa. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko kuvunika amagufwa mu kibuno ku bantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 65 bifitanye isano no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kugenda, kujya mu bitaro kenshi, ndetse no gupfa hakiri kare.

Niba uhangayikishijwe no kwirinda kugwa cyangwa kuvunika, vugana na muganga wawe. Bashobora kugufasha kugira umutekano n'ubuzima bwiza.

## None se, ni ikihe kintu cy'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka muri ibi?

Osteoporose ni indwara ituma amagufwa yawe aba magufi kandi akagira intege nke kurusha uko bikwiye. Ibi bishobora guteza akaga kuko bituma ushobora kuvunika igufwa. Abantu benshi ntibazi ko barwaye osteoporose kugeza igihe bavunikiye igufwa.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda kuvunika kw'imitsi ni ugufata osteoporosis mbere yuko ikugiraho ingaruka mbi.

Rero, jya kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Baza muganga wawe igihe ugomba gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa n'inshuro ugomba kugenzura ubuzima bw'amagufwa yawe. Wibuke ko amagufwa meza ari ingenzi kugira ngo ubeho neza! Kwita ku magufwa yawe kuva ukiri muto ni ingenzi uko ugenda ukura.

` Osteoporosis, ubuzima bw'amagufwa, kuvunika, ubucucike bw'amagufwa, kalisiyumu, vitamine D, imyitozo ngororamubiri, gucura, Dexa scan