Unogarawo uchitya uye uchinetseka zvisina kufanira here? Ngatikurukurei nezve Anxiety Disorders

Dzimwe nguva unonzwa wakaremerwa, uchitya zvisina kufanira, kana kuti uchinetseka here? Unonyanya kunetseka nezvezvimwe zvinhu here? Hazvina kujairika. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri mamiriro epfungwa auri kudzora usingazive. Nhasi tichataura nezveAnxiety Disorders, kana zvirwere zvine chekuita nekuzvidya mwoyo .

Chii chaizvo chinonzi chirwere ichi chekuzvidya mwoyo?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Anxiety Disorder chirwere chepfungwa. Kana uine chirwere ichi, unosangana nezvimwe zvinhu nemamiriro ezvinhu nekutya kukuru uye kuzvidya mwoyo. Unogonawo kuona zviratidzo zvemuviri, zvakaita semwoyo unomhanya uye kudikitira.

Zvino ungave uchifunga kuti, "Saka dzimwe nguva tinonzwa kutya, handiti?" Ehe, zvakajairika. Zvakajairika kuti tese tinzwe kutya kana kunetseka dzimwe nguva. Semuenzaniso, patinenge tichifanira kugadzirisa dambudziko kuhofisi, kuenda kubvunzurudzo, kunyora bvunzo, kana kuita sarudzo yakakosha, tinonzwa kutya kana kunetseka zvishoma. Kutaura zvazviri, dzimwe nguva zvakanaka kutya zvishoma. Nekuti zvinotibatsira kungwarira mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi, zvinotichengetedza takatarisa, uye zvinotidzivirira.

Zvisinei, Anxiety Disorder chinhu chinopfuura manzwiro akajairika ekutya nekuzvidya mwoyo. Anxiety Disorder inotsanangurwa se:

• Kana kutya uku kukakukanganisa kusvika pakusakwanisa kuita mabasa ako ezuva nezuva .
• Kana maitiro ako asingawanzoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu (semuenzaniso kana ukagumbuka zvakanyanya).
• Kana usingakwanise kudzora maitiro ako kune zviitiko.

Chirwere ichi chinogona kubata vacheche, vana vadiki, nevakuru. Vakadzi vanowanzova nedambudziko iri kaviri kupfuura varume.

Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo anogona kuita kuti zviome kupedzisa zuva. Zvisinei, mashoko akanaka ndeekuti kune mishonga inoshanda yezvirwere izvi .

Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo here?

Ehe, maererano neAmerican Psychiatric Association's (DSM-5), bhuku rekuongorora zvirwere zvepfungwa, kune mhando dzakasiyana dze (Anxiety Disorders). Dzimwe dzacho ndedzinotevera:

• Dambudziko reKunetseka Kwakajairwa (GAD): Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unonzwa uchinetseka nguva dzose, uchinetseka, uye uchinetseka. Chinhu chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti unonetseka zvisina basa, nguva nenguva, uye zvisina musoro kunyangwe nezvezvinhu zvezuva nezuva zvakaita semabasa ebasa, hutano, uye mabasa epamba. Fungidzira, Nalini anonetseka zvikuru nezvemwana wake paanosvika kumba achibva kuchikoro, achifunga kana chimwe chinhu chichaitika kumwana wake. Anonetseka uye anonetseka nezvezvinhu zvisina basa zvakaita seizvi zuva nezuva. Ichi chingave chirwere chinonzi (GAD).

• Kutya Agoraphobia:Izvi zvinoratidzwa nekutya kukuru kwekuvharirwa, kutadza kutiza, uye kutadza kuwana rubatsiro. Vanhu vane agoraphobia vanodzivisa nzvimbo itsva nedzavasingazive, dzakadai senzvimbo dzakakura, dzakavhurika, nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda, nenzvimbo dziri kunze kwemba. Semuenzaniso, Kamal anotya kuenda kusupamaketi hombe, kwaanonzwa kuti kana akavharirwa ikoko, hapana achauya kuzomubatsira.

• Panic Disorder: Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unosangana nekurwiswa kwekutya kamwe kamwe, kusingatarisirwi. Chinhu chinoshamisa nezvechirwere ichi ndechekuti kurwiswa kwekutya uku kunowanzouya pasina yambiro uye hakukonzerwi nechimwe chirwere chepfungwa kana chemuviri. Vamwe vanhu vane Panic Disorder vanogonawo kunge vaine agoraphobia.

• Kutya Zvakasiyana: Kutya kutya kana kuzvidya mwoyo kwauinako pamusoro pechimwe chinhu. Kwakanyanya zvekuti kunopindira muhupenyu hwako nenzira inogara iripo uye isingatsungiririki. Kune mazana ekutya. Ose ane chirwere chimwe chete: Kutya Zvakasiyana. Kutya Kusiyana chete ndiko kunoonekwa sechirwere chakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanhu vanotya zvipembere zvakanyanya, kukwirira, uye tsono.

• Dambudziko reKunetseka Pamagariro Evanhu: Iri raimbozivikanwa seSocial Phobia. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, une kutya kwakanyanya uye kunoramba kuripo kuti vamwe vachakutonga uye vachakutarisa. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti vamwe vanhu vatye kubuda pachena kana kutaura.

• Dambudziko reKuzvidya Mwoyo: Apa ndipo paunosangana nekuzvidya mwoyo kwakanyanya paunoparadzaniswa nemumwe munhu waunoda, kunyanya muchengeti mukuru (semuenzaniso, mubereki). Kunyange zvazvo kuzvidya mwoyo kwekuparadzana kuri danho rekukura rakajairika kune vana vadiki nevana vechikoro chepuraimari, Dambudziko reKuzvidya Mwoyo rekuparadzana rinogona kukanganisa vana pamwe nevakuru.

• Kusarudza Kusawirirana: Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, dzimwe nguva unorega kutaura nekuda kwekutya kana kunetseka. Izvi zvinowanzobata vana vadiki, asi zvinogonawo kuitika kuvana vadiki nevakuru .

Zvakakosha: Zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa, zvakaita sePost-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder, uye Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), zvine zviratidzo zvakafanana neAnxiety Disorders. Zvisinei, American Psychiatric Association haiisi izvi muzvikamu seAnxiety Disorders, asi sezvirwere zvakasiyana.

Matambudziko aya (Anxiety Disorders) akajairika zvakadii?

Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo chirwere chepfungwa chinowanzoitika. Semuenzaniso, kana ukatarisa nhamba dziri muUnited States:

• Kutya kwakasiyana-siyana kunokanganisa kusvika ku12% yevanhu.
• Dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo pamagariro evanhu rinokanganisa vanhu vanosvika 7% vevanhu.
• Dambudziko reKunetseka Nepfungwa (GAD) rinokanganisa vanhu vanosvika 3% chete.

Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti iyi haisi nyaya diki.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveAnxiety Disorders?

Zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwazvo. Pane zviratidzo zvakawanda zvakajairika.

Zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvinogona kuva:

• Kunzwa kutya, kutya, kushushikana, uye kusagadzikana.
• Kugara uchinetseka uye wakatsamwa.
• Pfungwa dzakanyanya kupenga dzisingagone kudzorwa.
• Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete.

Zviratidzo zvemuviri zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kusagadzikana, kutadza kugara panzvimbo imwe chete.
• Kurova kwemoyo.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kushushikana kwemhasuru.
• Matende netsoka zvinotonhora kana kuti zvine dikita.
• Muromo wakaoma.
• Kusvotwa.
• Kunzwa kusanzwa kana kukwenya mumaoko kana tsoka.
• Kushaya hope kana matambudziko ekurara.

Kana uine zviratidzo izvi kakawanda, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba kana mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa .

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera Matambudziko Ekuzvidya Mwoyo?

Kufanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa, vaongorori havasati vaziva chikonzero chaicho chezvirwere zvekushushikana. Zvisinei, vanotenda kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuita basa:

• Kusawirirana kweMakemikoro: Ma neurotransmitters nemahormone akawanda muuropi hwedu, akadai se (Norepinephrine), (Serotonin), (Dopamine), uye (Gamma-aminobutyric acid - GABA), zvakabatanidzwa nekuzvidya mwoyo. Kusawirirana mumakemikari aya kunogona kukonzera chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo.
• Kuchinja kwehuropi: Pane chikamu chehuropi hwedu chinonzi amygdala chinoita basa rakakosha mukutonga kutya nekuzvidya mwoyo. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vane matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo vakawedzera kushanda muamygdala vachipindura zvinokurudzira kuzvidya mwoyo.
• Kukanganiswa kwemajini: Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo anoita seanoitika mumhuri. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panogona kunge paine kukanganisa kwemajini. Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako yepedyo (semuenzaniso, mubereki, munin'ina kana hanzvadzi) aine chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo, iwe uri panjodzi huru yekuchiwanawo.
• Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Kushushikana Kwenharaunda: Kushushikana kwakanyanya kana kwenguva refu kunogona kuchinja kuenzana kwema neurotransmitters anodzora manzwiro ako. Kuva pasi pekushushikana kwakawanda kwenguva yakareba kunogona kukonzera chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo. Saizvozvowo, kusangana nechiitiko chinotyisa kunogonawo kutungamira kukukura kwezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo.

Nzira yekuziva sei Matambudziko eKutya?

Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine zviratidzo zvechirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo, tangai maonana nachiremba. Chiremba achatanga aita ongororo yezvekurapa. Vachaita ongororo yemuviri, vachabvunza nezvenhoroondo yenyu yezvekurapa, vachabvunza nezvemishonga yamuri kutora, uye vachabvunza kana paine munhu mumhuri menyu ane chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo.

Hapana kuongororwa kweropa kana kutorwa kwemafirimu kunogona kuona matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo. Zvisinei, chiremba wako anogona kuraira mimwe miedzo kuti aone kana paine zvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri (zvakadai sehyperthyroidism) zviri kukonzera zviratidzo zvako. Kana pasina chikonzero chemuviri, chiremba wako anogona kukutumira kune nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa, senge chiremba wepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa.

Mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa achaita hurukuro newe kana ongororo. Achakubvunza mibvunzo nezvezviratidzo zvako, maitiro ekurara, uye mamwe maitiro. Vachashandisa zvinodiwa kubva mubhuku reAmerican Psychiatric Association's (DSM-5) kuti vaongorore matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo.

Kazhinji, chiremba anoongorora chirwere ichi zvichienderana ne:

• Zviratidzo zvaunotaura (kusanganisira kusimba kwazvo uye kuti zvinogara kwenguva yakareba sei).
• Kukurukura kuti zviratidzo izvozvo zvinokanganisa sei hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva.
• Chiremba achacherechedza mafungiro ako nemaitiro ako.

Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo anorapwa sei?

Dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo rakafanana nechero chirwere chinoda kurapwa. Harisi dambudziko raunogona kungofunga nezvaro wobvisa. Harisi dambudziko rekuda kana mafungiro. Vaongorori vakaita nhanho huru mukurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa mumakumi emakore apfuura. Chiremba wako achagadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakakunakira. Hurongwa ihwohwo hunogona kusanganisira musanganiswa wemishonga uye psychotherapy .

Mishonga Yekurapa Matambudziko Ekuzvidya Mwoyo

Mishonga haigone kurapa chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo zvachose. Zvisinei, inogona kuderedza zviratidzo uye kukubatsira kuti ushande zvakanaka. Mishonga yezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo inosanganisira:

• Mishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika: Iyi inonyanya kushandiswa kurapa kushungurudzika, asi inogonawo kubatsira nezvirwere zvekushushikana. Mishonga iyi inoshandura mashandisiro anoita uropi hwako mamwe makemikari, ichivandudza mafungiro ako uye ichideredza kushushikana. Mishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika inotora nguva kuti ishande, saka iva nemoyo murefu. SSRIs neSNRIs ndiwo mishonga inonyanya kunyorerwa yekuderedza kushungurudzika. Mishonga yekuderedza kushungurudzika inonzi Tricyclic antidepressants ndeimwe sarudzo, asi inogona kukonzera mimwe migumisiro yakaipa.
• Benzodiazepines: Iyi mhando yemishonga inogona kubatsira kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo, kutya, uye kusagadzikana. Kunyangwe ichishanda nekukurumidza, unogona kuishivirira. Inogonawo kuva inopindwa muropa, saka unofanirwa kungwarira zvikuru paunenge uchiishandisa. Chiremba wako anogona kunyora Benzodiazepine kwenguva pfupi wozoderedza zvishoma nezvishoma mushonga wacho. Benzodiazepines dzinobatsira nezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo dzinosanganisira Alprazolam, Clonazepam, Diazepam, naLorazepam.
• Beta-blockers: Mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira kuderedza zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvezvirwere zvekunetseka, zvakaita sekurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza uye kudedera. Zvisinei, hairapi zvinhu zvepfungwa zvezvirwere zvekunetseka.

Chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti awane musanganiswa wakakodzera wemishonga nechiyero chayo. Usachinje chiyero kana kurega kutora mushonga wako usina kutaura nachiremba wako. Chiremba wako achakutarisa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mushonga wacho uri kushanda nemazvo uye kuti hausi kusangana nemhedzisiro yakaipa.

Kurapa Kwepfungwa Kwezvinetso Zvekuzvidya Mwoyo

Kurapa kwepfungwa kunonziwo "kurapwa nekutaura." Kunosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa dzinokubatsira kuona nekushandura manzwiro ako asina kunaka, pfungwa, uye maitiro. Mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa achakubatsira kunzwisisa dambudziko rako rekuzvidya mwoyo uye achakubatsira nezvenzira dzekukubatsira kurigadzirisa. Nzira mbiri huru ndeidzi:

• Kurapa Nepfungwa Dzepfungwa (CBT): Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekurapa kuzvidya mwoyo. CBT inokudzidzisa kuona mafungiro nemaitiro anotungamira kumanzwiro anoshungurudza. Zvadaro, unoshanda kuti uchinje maitiro ako kune pfungwa idzodzo nezvinokonzeresa. Semuenzaniso, kana uine pfungwa yakaita sekuti "Kana ndikasaita izvi nemazvo, munhu wese achandiseka," CBT inokubatsira kuti ufunge zvinhu zvine musoro nekuzvibvunza kana zviri zvechokwadi uye kana paine humbowo hwazvo.
• Kurapa Nekunzwa Kutya: Muizvi, mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa anogadzira nzvimbo yakachengeteka uye anokuratidza zvishoma nezvishoma zvinhu zvinokonzera kutya kwako (zvinogona kuva zvinhu, mamiriro ezvinhu, kana zviitiko). Izvi zvinokuratidza kuti unogona kutarisana nekutya kwako. Uchadzidza kuumba zvitendero zvitsva, zvine musoro pamusoro pezvinhu zvaunotya. Zvishoma nezvishoma uchajaira kusangana nekutya.

Ndeipi tarisiro yevanhu vane matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo? (Kufungidzira)

Kana zvikasarapwa, matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo anogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba, semuenzaniso:

• Kuomerwa nekuchengetedza hukama hwevanhu pamwe nekudzikira kwehupenyu.
• Matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka, kusanganisira kushandisa zvinodhaka uye kushandisa doro.
• Dambudziko guru rekuora mwoyo.
• Kuzviuraya kana paine kuzvidya mwoyo kwakanyanya.

Kugara uchinetseka kunowedzerawo njodzi yekubatwa nezvirwere zvemwoyo zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo.

Ndosaka zvichikosha kutsvaga rubatsiro kana uine dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo. Kurapwa kunoshanda. Kurapwa kwakakodzera kunogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwako, hukama hwako, uye kugona kwako. Kunogonawo kutsigira hutano hwako hwese.

Ndinogona here kudzivirira kuva nechirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo?

Parizvino, hapana nzira inozivikanwa yekudzivirira (Anxiety Disorders). Zvisinei,Kurapwa kunogona kuderedza matambudziko mazhinji anokonzerwa nako. Kutsvaga rubatsiro kana zviratidzo zvangoonekwa kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwehupenyu hwako.

Ndingazvitarisira sei kana ndine chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo?

Kuwedzera pakutsvaga mazano echiremba nekurapwa, kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuzvidya mwoyo uye kuita kuti kurapwa kuve kunobudirira:

• Kudzora kushushikana: Kushushikana kwenguva refu kana kwakanyanya kunogona kuwedzera matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo. Edza nzira dzekudzivirira kushushikana dzakadai sekufungisisa, kufema, kufunga zvakanaka, uye kurovedza muviri nguva dzose.
• Mapoka ekutsigirana: Kutora chikamu muboka rekutsigirana (kutarisana kana online) kune vanhu vane kuzvidya mwoyo kunopa mikana yekuchinjana mazano nevamwe, kugovana ruzivo, uye kudzidza nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa matambudziko.
• Dzidzo: Kudzidza zvakawanda nezvechirwere chako uye kudzidzisa vadikanwi vako kunogona kukubatsira iwe navo kunzwisisa zviri nani nekutsigira chirwere chacho.
• Deredza kana kurega caffeine: Caffeine inogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zvekuzvidya mwoyo. Kana uine zvinokunetsa nezvehuwandu hwecaffeine yaunonwa, taura nachiremba wako.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wangu rini?

Chiremba wako ndiye mubatsiri wako muhutano hwako. Kana uchifunga kuti kurapwa kwechirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo hakusi kushanda, kana kuti kana uine mibvunzo nezvemishonga yako, fonera chiremba wako. Pamwe chete, munogona kusarudza nzira yakanakisisa yekufambira mberi.

Haufanire kugara uchingonetseka uye uchitya. Kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo, taura nachiremba. Zvakanaka kuti uongororwe uye urapwe nekukurumidza. Kuita izvi kunogona kubatsira kuderedza matambudziko anokonzerwa nezvirwere zvekuzvidya mwoyo. Kazhinji, musanganiswa wemishonga nemazano ekurapa kuzvidya mwoyo zvinogona kukubatsira kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka.

Pakupedzisira, meseji yekuenda nayo kumba:

Kuzvidya mwoyo nekutya hazvina basa kana kuvanza. Zvakangofanana nechirwere chemuviri. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuyeuka kuti kune mishonga inoshanda yezvirwere izvi. Kana uchifunga kuti une zviratidzo izvi, usatya kuona chiremba kana mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa. Vanogona kukubatsira. Yeuka, hausi wega.

Kunetseka , hutano hwepfungwa, kutya, kutya, kuzvidya mwoyo kwevanhu, kurapwa, kurapa kwepfungwa