Kune mazuva aunoshamisika kuti, 'Sei ndisingakwanise kuita basa rimwe chete?' Haugone kupedza basa rawatanga, unokanganwa kwawakaisa makiyi ako, pfungwa dzako dzinofamba-famba kunyangwe kana mumwe munhu achitaura. Kana izvi zvikaitika kwauri nguva dzese, haisi usimbe chete kana kusateerera. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezve ADHD , chirwere chinogona kukonzera izvi, uye chinoonekwawo muvanhu vakuru, asi hachinyanyotaurwa nezvacho.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi ADHD yevakuru?
Dambudziko reAdult ADHD, kana kuti Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, chirwere chinoitika nekuda kwekuchinja kwebasa reuropi. Hachisi chirwere chepfungwa. Chaizvoizvo, munhu ane chirwere ichi anogona kuva nematambudziko ekuteerera, kudzora manzwiro, uye dzimwe nguva kuva nekushanda zvakanyanya (hyperactivity) .
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kana munhu mukuru aine ADHD, chinhu chavagara vanacho kubvira paudiki . Vamwe vanhu vanoonekwa vachiri vadiki, vamwe vanoonekwa vari vakuru. Havasi vese vaiva neADHD vachiri vadiki vanozoiwana vava vakuru, asi vanhu vanosvika 60% vacharamba vaine chirwere ichi kusvika vakura. Kunyangwe pasina mushonga wechirwere ichi, nekurapwa kwakakodzera uye kurapwa, zvinokwanisika kurarama zvakanaka nechirwere ichi.
Unewo hunhu uhwu here?
Zviratidzo zveADHD yemunhu mukuru zvinosiyana kubva pamunhu kusvika pamunhu. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvingave nezviratidzo zvishoma, zvimwe zvinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwavo zvakanyanya. Tarisa chati iri pazasi kuti uone kana uchisangana nechimwe chezviratidzo izvi nguva nenguva.
| Nzvimbo ine dambudziko | Zviratidzo zvakajairika |
|---|---|
| Kutarisa uye kurongeka |
|
| Kusagadzikana uye zviito zvinongoerekana zvaitika | |
| Manzwiro nehukama |
Asi yeuka, unogona kukwanisa kuisa pfungwa dzako pane chimwe chinhu chaunofarira. Izvozvo zvakajairika.
Migumisiro iyo ADHD inogona kuva nayo muhupenyu hwako
ADHD isina kurapwa inogona kuva nemigumisiro yenguva refu pamativi akasiyana-siyana ehupenyu.
- Matambudziko kubasa: Kuchinja-chinja basa nguva nenguva, kutadza kuita basa nemazvo, kurasikirwa nemufaro mubasa.
- Matambudziko edzidzo: Magiredhi akaderera kubva kuchikoro, kukundikana bvunzo.
- Matambudziko ehukama: Kusakwanisa kuchengetedza hukama hwakagadzikana, matambudziko anowanzoitika.
- Mamwe matambudziko ehupenyu: tsaona dzemotokari dzinoitika kakawanda, kubhadhariswa faindi, kutadza kushandisa mari zvakanaka, njodzi yakawedzerwa yekupindwa muropa nekusvuta kana kushandisa zvinodhaka.
Chinhu chakakosha kunzwisisa kuti izvi hazvisi mhosva yako, asi zviratidzo zvechirwere chinorapika.
ADHD inoonekwa sei?
Hapana kuongororwa kweropa kana scan inogona kunyatsoongorora ADHD. Kana uchifungidzira kuti une zviratidzo izvi, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekuona chiremba wepfungwa ane ruzivo neADHD .
Chiremba wako anowanzoita zvinhu zvinotevera:
- Kuongororwa kwemuviri wese kuti uone kana zviratidzo izvi zvichikonzerwa nechimwe chirwere chemuviri.
- Kukumbira ruzivo kubva paudiki hwako (semuenzaniso makadhi emaripoti echikoro, kubvunza vabereki ruzivo rwakadzama). Nekuti ADHD haisi chinhu chinongoerekana chaitika kana wakura.
- Kubvunza kana paine munhu mumhuri yako ane chirwere ichi (sezvo izvi zvichigona kuitika mumhuri).
- Pamwe achitaura nezvekuongorora kwepfungwa.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveADHD?
Masayendisiti haasati aziva chikonzero chaicho cheADHD, asi chinhu chikuru ndechekuti ine majini , zvichireva kuti inoitika mumhuri.
Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yakawana kuti vanhu vane ADHD vane misiyano yakati wandei muchimiro chehuropi hwavo uye mashandiro emakemikari (neurotransmitters) anotumira mameseji pakati pemasero etsinga.
Asi yeuka kuti zvinhu izvi hazvikonzeri ADHD:
- Zvikanganiso zvekurera vana.
- Kudya shuga yakawandisa.
- Kupedza nguva yakawanda uchitarisa foni kana TV.
Kurapwa uye manejimendi
Hapana mushonga mumwe chete wekurapa ADHD. Unosanganisira musanganiswa wemishonga, maitiro ekurapa, uye mazano, pamwe nehurongwa hwekurapa hunokushandira.
Mishonga
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemishonga yeADHD. Iyi inofanira kushandiswa chete pasi pekutarisirwa kwachiremba .
1. Zvinokurudzira: Izvi ndizvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa. Mishonga iyi inosimudzira makemikari ari muuropi ane chekuita nekuteerera uye kudzora. Semuenzaniso, mushonga `(Methylphenidate)` unoshandiswa zvakanyanya muSri Lanka.
2. Mishonga Isina Kukurudzira: Vanachiremba vanokurudzira rudzi urwu rwemushonga kune avo vane allergy yemishonga inosimudzira muviri kana zvimwe zvikonzero. Semuenzaniso: `(Atomoxetine)`.
Kurapa nekupa mazano nezvemaitiro
Zvinhu izvi zvakakosha semushonga.
- Kurapa Nepfungwa Nemaitiro (CBT): Kurapa uku kunokubatsira kuvaka kuzviremekedza nekuchinja mafungiro ako nemaitiro ako.
- Kudzidziswa kuzorora uye kugadzirisa kushushikana: Unogona kudzidza nzira dzekuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo nekushushikana.
- Kudzidzisa hupenyu: Kunokubatsira kugadza zvinangwa uye kuronga basa rako.
- Kurapa kwemhuri: Kubatsira mhuri yako kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu aya uye kubatsira munhu wese kurarama nawo pamwe chete.
Mazano mashoma ekuita kuti hupenyu huve nyore neADHD
Pamwe chete nekurapwa, pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita wega.
- Nyora zvese pasi: Usati watanga zuva rako, nyora zvese zvaunoda kuita, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakakosha, mudhayari kana paapp pafoni yako . Izvi zvinoderedza zvikuru njodzi yekukanganwa zvinhu.
- Ronga purogiramu: Usaedza kuita basa guru panguva imwe chete. Rikamura kuita zvikamu zvidiki woita chimwe nechimwe. Zvipe mubairo mudiki kana wapedza basa rega rega.
- Bvisa zvinhu zvisingakoshi: Isa zvinhu zvinokukanganisa (foni, TV) paunenge uchishanda.Kana zvichibvira, shandai munzvimbo yakanyarara.
- Kurovedza muviri: Kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu pazuva kunoderedza kuzvidya mwoyo, kushushikana, uye kunatsiridza kutarisisa kwako.
- Dzidza kutaura kuti 'kwete': Vanhu vane ADHD vane tsika yekuita mabasa akawandisa panguva imwe chete. Ingoita zvese zvaunogona. Kutaura kuti 'kwete' hakuna kuipa.
- Kumbira rubatsiro: Usaedza kuita zvese uri wega. Kumbira rubatsiro kubva kushamwari yaunovimba nayo kana nhengo yemhuri. Zvakare, taura nachiremba wako nezve zvese pachena.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- ADHD yemunhu mukuru chirwere chaicho chinokonzerwa nepfungwa. Hachisi husimbe kana chikanganiso chehunhu.
- Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba ane hunyanzvi kuti akuongorore uye akurape.
- Kunyange hazvo isingarapike zvachose, inogona kurapwa zvinobudirira nemishonga uye maitiro ekurapa .
- Vanhu vane ADHD vanowanzova nepfungwa dzekugadzira zvinhu, vane simba, uye vane hunyanzvi . Nekutungamirirwa zvakanaka, unogona kurarama hupenyu hunobudirira uye hunofadza.
- Hausi wega. Kune vanhu vazhinji vanotambura nechirwere ichi. Usambofa wakatya kukumbira rubatsiro uye kutsvaga kurapwa.
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