Masifunde ngamayeza akhethekileyo anikwa i-HIV: iipilisi (Abacavir; Lamivudine, 3TC)

Ukuba uphila ne-HIV (i-Human Immunodeficiency Virus), ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukuxelele ngale mithi (i-Abacavir; i-Lamivudine, i-3TC). Okanye usenokuba uvile ngayo ndaweni ithile kwaye unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale mithi ikhethekileyo enceda ukulawula i-HIV, ikunika amandla eemithi ezimbini kwipilisi enye. Masibone ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, indlela yokuyisebenzisa, kunye nento ekufuneka uyilumkele.

Yintoni le yeza (Abacavir; Lamivudine, 3TC)?

Ngamafutshane, yindibaniselwano yamayeza amabini okulwa nentsholongwane i-Abacavir kunye ne-Lamivudine, kwipilisi enye. Idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye namanye amayeza okunyanga usulelo lwe-HIV.

Kodwa kufuneka ukhumbule into enye. Olu asilonyango lwe-HIV. Nangona kunjalo, eli yeza linokunceda ukunciphisa inani le-HIV emzimbeni wakho, oko kuthetha ukuba linokunceda ukulawula intsholongwane. Linokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokusasaza i-HIV komnye umntu. Kodwa khumbula ukuba alinakuwumisa ngokupheleleyo loo mngcipheko.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokukunika eli yeza kwezinye iimeko. Ukuba unemibuzo ngalo, ungabuza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezemithi kwikhemesti apho ufumana khona eli yeza. Eli yeza lifumaneka kakhulu kwimarike phantsi kwegama lebrendi i-Epzicom .

Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndizixelele ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba ndiqalise eli yeza?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa eli yeza, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho okanye iqela lezempilo elikunyangayo ngezi zinto zilandelayo: Kubalulekile kukhuseleko lwakho nakwimpumelelo yonyango lwakho ukuba bazazi ezi zinto.

• Ukuba usela yonke imihla: Eli yeza lisenokungasebenzi kakuhle xa lidibene notywala, kwaye linokuba nemiphumo engafunekiyo kwisibindi.
• Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo: Amanye amayeza asenokungahambelani neemeko zentliziyo okanye angayenza ibe mandundu imeko. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngale nto kwangethuba.
• Ukuba unesifo sezintso: Amayeza amaninzi ahluzwa emizimbeni yethu zizintso. Ngoko ke ukuba uneengxaki zezintso, unokufuna ukutshintsha umthamo wamayeza akho okanye unyamekele ngokukodwa.
• Ukuba unesifo sesibindi: Isibindi sinoxanduva lokugaya amayeza amaninzi emizimbeni yethu. Ukuba unesifo sesibindi, sinokuchaphazela indlela amayeza asebenza ngayo.
• Ukuba usebenzisa icuba (iicuba, ii-beedis, njl.njl.): Ukutshaya akulunganga kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Kunokuchaphazela namanye amayeza.
• Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy engaqhelekanga kula mayeza (Abacavir), (Lamivudine), (3TC), okanye nakweyiphi na enye iyeza, ukutya, idayi, okanye isigcini: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu . Abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy enzima, esongela ubomi.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe okwangoku okanye uceba ukukhulelwa kungekudala: Ayizizo zonke amayeza akhuselekileyo kumama nakumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngale nto.
• Ukuba uncancisa: Amanye amayeza anokudlulisa ubisi lwebele kumntwana wakho, ngoko ke kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone indlela yokusebenzisa eli yeza ngqo. Kufuneka ukukhumbule kakuhle oku.

Le pilisi mayithathwe ngomlomo neglasi yamanzi. Landela imiyalelo ekwileyibhile kagqirha wakho. Ungayisebenzisa le yeza nokuba utye okanye awutyanga, akunamsebenzi.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza akho emihla ngemihla kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, ngexesha. Ungaze uthathe ngaphezu koko ugqirha wakho akuxelele kona. Ukuze unyango lwakho lwe-HIV lusebenze kakuhle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha onke amayeza akho njengoko exelelwe. Musa ukutsiba amayeza nangasiphi na isizathu. Nokuba uzive ungcono kancinci, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza akho de ugqirha wakho akuxelele. Ukuba utsiba amayeza okanye uyeke ukuwathatha phakathi, intsholongwane ye-HIV inokuba namandla okumelana nala mayeza kuphela kodwa nakwamanye amayeza e-HIV. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuya kuba nzima ukunyanga. Ke ngoko, qiniseka ukuba uyakuphepha ukuyeka amayeza akho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.

Xa ufumana eli yeza kwikhemesti, uya kunikwa nencwadana ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiMedGuide . Funda eli yeza ngononophelo ngalo lonke ixesha ufumana ukuphinda ulizalise, kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha uphelelwa liyeza. Liqulethe ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu malunga neli yeza, ingakumbi izilumkiso ekufuneka uziqwalasele.

Ukuba unika abantwana eli yeza, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho wabantwana ngalo. Nangona licetyiswa kubantwana kwiimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo, kukho amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nomahluko kwimithamo.

Kubalulekile: Ukugqithisa amayeza: Ukuba ucinga ukuba uwasele kakhulu la mayeza, oko kukuthi, ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo, fowunela iziko lolawulo lwetyhefu okanye igumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane ngoko nangoko .

Enye into: Eli yeza lelakho kuphela. Ungaze wabelane nangomnye umntu ngeyeza lakho, nokuba loo mntu uneempawu ezifana nezakho.

Wenza ntoni ukuba ngengozi uphoswe yidosi yeyeza?

Ungalibala ngamanye amaxesha, akunjalo? Ukuba uphoswa ngamayeza akho, ungakhathazeki.

Thatha idosi oyiphosileyo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uyikhumbule. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kusondele ixesha ledosi yakho elandelayo xa uyikhumbula, yitsibe idosi oyiphosileyo uze uthathe idosi yakho elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe idosi ephindwe kabini okanye idosi eyongezelelweyo ukuze ubuyisele idosi oyilibeleyo. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ziziphi ezinye iindlela ezinokwenzeka xa usebenzisana nale mithi?

Xa usebenzisa eli yeza, lisenokudibana namanye amayeza, ukutya, okanye izinto ezithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba linokuchaphazela indlela elisebenza ngayo eli yeza, okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwanda, okanye elinye iyeza linokuchaphazela indlela elisebenza ngayo. Ngoko ke qaphela ezi zinto:

• Iimveliso eziqulethe utywala okanye utywala: Eli yeza lisenokudibana nezi zinto, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Naliphi na elinye iyeza eliqulethe (i-Abacavir) okanye (i-Lamivudine): Ekubeni le pilisi inezo zithako, ukuthatha amanye amayeza anezo zithako kunokunyusa idosi ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Naliphi na iyeza eliqulethe (i-Emtricitabine).
• Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-Interferon.
• Eli yeza libizwa ngokuba yiMethadone.
• Eli yeza libizwa ngokuba yiRibavirin.

Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iindlela onokuthi usebenzise ngazo amayeza. Ngoko ke, xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (amayeza amiselweyo, angagunyaziswanga ngugqirha, amayeza esintu, iivithamini, izongezo zokutya, njl.njl.). Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyatshaya, usela utywala, okanye usebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni . Ezinye zezi zinto zinokuchaphazela amayeza akho.

Yintoni enye endifanele ndiyilumkele xa ndisebenzisa eli yeza?

Kukho ezinye izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi xa usebenzisa eli yeza.

Bona ugqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo ukuze uhlolwe rhoqo. Ukuba uneempawu ezintsha, thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo. Kusenokufuneka wenze umsebenzi wegazi obalulekileyo ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza ukuze ujonge ukuba iyeza lisebenza kakuhle na kwaye kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Njengoko usazi, i-HIV isasazeka ngokunxibelelana ngesondo nangegazi (umzekelo, xa abantu abafaka iziyobisi besebenzisa iinaliti ezifanayo). Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-HIV. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela amanyathelo okuzikhusela (umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iikhondom).

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba uneHepatitis B kunye neHIV, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokuyeka eli yeza (Abacavir; Lamivudine, 3TC).Thetha nogqirha wakho, kuba ukuyeka eli yeza kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zeHepatitis B zibe mandundu ngequbuliso.

Into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ngononophelo: Iimpendulo Ezinzima Zokwaliwa Yi-Allergy / Iimpendulo Eziphezulu Zokuvakalelwa Yi-Hypersensitivity

Inani elincinci kakhulu labantu, malunga neepesenti ezimbalwa, linokuba ne-allergy (hypersensitivity reaction) enzima kakhulu kule yeza. Le inokuba yimeko eyingozi kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka uqaphele oku. Oku kunokubangela enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
• Ifiva
• Isicaphucaphu (ukuziva unesicaphucaphu esiswini sakho), ukuhlanza
• Intlungu yesisu
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu, umzimba uqaqamba, kwaye uzive udiniwe
• Ukuziva ungaphilanga kakuhle, njengokuba nomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane

Uluhlu lwezi mpawu lufumaneka kwiKhadi lesilumkiso oza kuyifumana kwikhemesti. Kufuneka uhlale ugcina eli khadi lesilumkiso nawe. Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu ngelixa usela eli yeza, yeka ukulisebenzisa ngoko nangoko kwaye uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba kunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Iimpendulo Ezinzima Zesikhumba

Eli yeza ngamanye amaxesha linokubangela ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba. Oku kungenzeka kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga emva kokuba uqale ukusela iyeza. Xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngoko nangoko ukuba unerhashalala enomkhuhlane kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane . Irhashalala inokuba bomvu okanye imfusa, kwaye kamva inokuqhekeka kwaye ixobuke. Kwakhona, xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngoko nangoko ukuba unerhashalala ebomvu enokuvuvukala ebusweni okanye emilebeni, okanye ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo entanyeni okanye emakhwapheni .

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba uyekile ukusebenzisa eli yeza nangasiphi na isizathu (umz. kuba uphelelwe liyeza okanye ucinga ukuba unokuba ne-allergy), UNGALIQALISI ulisebenzise ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ii-hypersensitivity reactions ezinzima kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi- hypotension esongela ubomi kwanokufa. Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu ngale nto.

Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endinokuzifumana kweli yeza?

Njengazo zonke iziyobisi, ezi pilisi (i-Abacavir; i-Lamivudine, 3TC) zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye zazo zinzima kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ezinye zazo azinzima kangako, kodwa ukuba ziyakhathaza, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wakho okanye kwingcali yezempilo ngoko nangoko:

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza:

• Iimpendulo ze-allergy: Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela okanye ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, okanye ulwimi.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungacwangciswanga (ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo nokungaqhelekanga).
• Intlungu okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukungonwabi okungaqhelekanga kwesisu okanye iintlungu zesisu.
• Ububomvu, ukudumba, ukuxobuka, okanye ulusu olukhululekileyo (lunokuvela nangaphakathi emlonyeni).
• Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokulimala kwesibindi: Ezi ziquka umchamo otyheli okanye omdaka; ukuziva ungaphilanga kakuhle okanye ukuba nomkhuhlane; indle ekhanyayo; ukungabi namdla wokutya; iintlungu esiswini esingaphezulu ngasekunene; ukudinwa okanye ubuthathaka obungaqhelekanga; kunye nokutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu (i-jaundice).
• Iimpawu zosulelo: umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda, ukukhohlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, iintlungu okanye ubunzima bokuchama.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezihlala zingadingi nyango olukhawulezileyo (ukuba ziyaqhubeka okanye ziyakukhathaza, xelela ugqirha wakho):

• Ukukhwehlela.
• Umoya woxinzelelo.
• Urhudo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ubunzima bokulala, ukungalali (unengxaki yokulala).

Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga okanye unenkxalabo ngayo nayiphi na into ekolu luhlu, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukuba unqwenela, ungaxela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwi-FDA (Food and Drug Administration) ku-1-800-FDA-1088. ESri Lanka, kungcono ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ndingaligcina njani eli yeza?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amayeza ngokufanelekileyo.

• Gcina eli yeza kude nabantwana kwaye lingafikeleleki kubo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Gcina kubushushu begumbi, phakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-30 degrees Celsius (59 kunye ne-86 degrees Fahrenheit). Musa ukuyibeka kwindawo eshushu kakhulu okanye efumileyo.
• Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza aphelelwe lixesha kwaye uwalahle ngokukhuselekileyo.

Okokugqibela: Eli phetshana lisisishwankathelo nje kuphela. Lisenokungabi nalo lonke ulwazi. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga neli yeza, nceda uthethe nogqirha wakho, ikhemisti, okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo.

Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunike iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi (Abacavir; Lamivudine, 3TC), khumbula ukuba eli liyeza elibalulekileyo eliza kukunceda ukulawula i-HIV.

• Sela amayeza akho kanye, ngexesha, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela. Musa ukulibazisa nayiphi na idinga.
• Ukuba unezinye izifo okanye uthatha nawaphi na amayeza (kwanowamayeza esintu), xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke.
• Lumka kakhulu malunga neempawu ezinobungozi zokunganyamezelani komzimba (ingakumbi ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba kunye nomkhuhlane, ukudinwa, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu). Hlala ugcina iKhadi lesilumkiso elinikezwe yikhemesti kuwe. Ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo ziyavela, yeka ukuthatha amayeza ngoko nangoko kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho.
• Musa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa eli yeza okanye uliqalise kwakhona emva kokuba uyekile ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezemithi. Impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Ukuphila ne-HIV kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokuzinyamekela, nawe ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni nobanelisayo.

I - HIV, i-Abacavir, i-Lamivudine, i-3TC, i-Epzicom, unyango lwe-HIV, amayeza