Sonke siyazi ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba siphefumle ukuze siphile. Kunjalo nangobuchopho bethu. Iiseli zengqondo zifuna ukunikezelwa rhoqo kweoksijini . Cinga nje, ukuba ukunikezelwa kweoksijini engqondweni kunqanyulwa imizuzu emi-4 nangaphezulu, iiseli zengqondo ziqala ukufa. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ongenakuguqulwa engqondweni. Namhlanje sithetha ngale nto iyingozi, kodwa sonke kufuneka siyiqaphele le meko.
Yintoni umonakalo wobuchopho obangelwa yi-hypoxia kunye ne-anoxia?
La magama mabini asenokuvakala ngathi antsonkothile kancinci, kodwa eneneni alula kakhulu. Makhe sibone.
Ingqondo isebenzisa isinye kwisihlanu seoksijini emizimbeni yethu. Ingqondo ayinakusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kweoksijini, ithumela imiyalezo ngemithambo-luvo kwaye igcina yonke into emzimbeni isebenza kakuhle.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho obungenatyhefu: Kulapho umlinganiselo weoksijini ofikelela ebuchotsheni uncipha khona. Awuyeki ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uncinci kakhulu kunomlinganiselo ofunekayo.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho okunetyhefu: Oku kubi ngakumbi. Apha, ingqondo ayifumani oksijini ngokupheleleyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha basebenzisa la magama kunye. Nangona kunjalo, omabini la magama ziimeko ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu engqondweni. Ukuba umntu uhlala ngaphandle kweoksijini ixesha elide, unokufa kwi-coma okanye afe engqondweni.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba ingqondo ingabi naoksijini?
Ukunikezelwa kweoksijini engqondweni kunokupheliswa okanye kuncitshiswe ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezinye zazo esinokuthi singaziqondi.
| Unobangela | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubanjwa yintliziyo | Xa intliziyo iyeka ukusebenza, ingqondo ayifumani ioksijini kuba ayipompi igazi. |
| Ukuminxeka/Ukufuthanisela | Ukungakwazi ukuphefumla ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokukrwitshwa okanye ukukrwitshwa. |
| Kufuphi nokutshona | Xa imiphunga izaliswe ngamanzi, ayinakufumana ioksijini. |
| Uhlaselo olukhulu lwesifuba | Ubunzima bokuphefumla buba nzima kakhulu. |
| Ukuphefumla iigesi ezinobuthi | Ukuphefumla umsi onobuthi onjenge-carbon monoxide. |
| Utyhefu/Ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo | Ezinye iityhefu kunye neziyobisi ziyayiphazamisa indlela yokuphefumla. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yigazi | Xa igazi elininzi lilahleka kwingozi enkulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyehla. |
| Umothuko wombane, ukuxhuzula okukhulu | Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuphefumla nako kunokuchaphazeleka. |
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka kwimizuzwana eli-15 emva kokunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni. Ukongeza, ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba ubona umntu onezi mpawu, yingxamiseko leyo. Ufanele umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa .
- Ukungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama
- Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Ukugoba kobuso
- Imilebe kunye nolusu lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/ngwevu
- Ukuphefumla okunzulu kakhulu okanye okukhawulezayo
- Abafundi abavulelekileyo
- Ayiphenduli igama
- Ukuxhuzula
Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa isigulana siziswe kwi -ETU size sibuzwe ukuba kwenzeke ntoni (umzekelo, ukurhaxwa, ukukrwitshwa kukutya), oogqirha banengcamango entle. Kodwa ukuze bafumane ubunzulu bokwenzakala, benza uvavanyo olumbalwa.
- I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan: Ezi zinokujonga umonakalo kwizicubu zobuchopho, njengokudumba.
- I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Oku kulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ingqondo isebenza kangakanani.
- I-Angiography: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Evoked potentials: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuba ingqondo iyasabela na kwiimvakalelo ezifana nokubona, ukuva, kunye nokuchukumisa.
Iphathwa njani?
Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Wakuba ungeniswe esibhedlele, oogqirha baya kuzama ukunika ingqondo ioksijini eyaneleyo ngokukhawuleza. Baza kukunika namayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho.
Unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bemeko yesigulana. Rhoqo, isigulana singeniswa kwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu (ICU) size siqhagamshelwe kwi -ventilator ukuze sincede siphefumle.
Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, kusetyenziswa unyango olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yiTherapeutic Hypothermia .
Luluphi olu nyango lokupholisa umzimba?
Olu lunyango olukhethekileyo. Okwenziwayo apha kukusebenzisa iingubo ezikhethekileyo ukulawula nokunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba ukuya kuma-32-34 degrees Celsius malunga neeyure ezingama-24. Emva koko umzimba ubuyiselwa kancinci kancinci kubushushu obuqhelekileyo. Uphando lufumanise ukuba oku kunokunciphisa ukudumba kunye nomonakalo engqondweni. Kukwanceda ekukhuseleni ingqondo ngokunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini kunye namandla afunekayo kwiiseli zengqondo.
Iziphumo ezinokwenzeka ixesha elide emva kokuchacha
Nokuba umntu ubuyele ezingqondweni emva kokwenzakala kakhulu engqondweni, kunokubakho iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide. Ezi zinokuba zezomzimba, ezengqondo, okanye eziphatha ngayo.
- Iziphumo zomzimba: Intloko ebuhlungu, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi xa uhamba, iingxaki zokubona, ukuxhuzula , ubunzima bokuthetha nokuginya, ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo yomzimba, utshintsho kwiindlela zokulala.
- Imiphumo yengqondo kunye nokuziphatha: ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudakumba, ubunzima bokugxila, ukudideka, ukungakwazi ukucinga ngendlela ecacileyo, utshintsho lobuntu (ukuziva ngathi awusenguye umntu owawunguye ngaphambili), kunye nokucaphuka.
Kwenzeka njani ukuba umntu aphinde aphile?
Indlela umntu alulama ngayo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Ingqondo yayihlala ixesha elingakanani ingenayo ioksijini?
- Ingakanani ingozi yobuchopho?
- Ubuneminyaka emingaphi xa kwenzeka ingozi? (Abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 banamathuba amaninzi okuchacha)
- Uhlale ixesha elingakanani ukwi-coma?
Ukulimala okuncinci kunokuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwemiphumo yexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzakala okukhulu kunokuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuphiliswa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo kusenokungenzeki.
Kumntu onje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo yokuphiliswa iqalise unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngeengcali ezifana neengcali zonyango lomzimba, iingcali zonyango lokuthetha, kunye neengcali zonyango lomsebenzi ngokukhawuleza.
Ingathintelwa njani le ngozi?
Ukuba umntu ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye intliziyo yakhe iyeka ukubetha, i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , okuyi-heart massage kunye nokuphefumla ngomlomo, inokunceda ukugcina igazi kunye ne-oksijini engqondweni de kufike uncedo lwezonyango. Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokulimala kwengqondo okukhulu. Ukufunda indlela yokwenza i-CPR kunokunceda ukusindisa ubomi.
Ukongeza, landela la manyathelo okhuseleko:
- Ziphephe iingozi ezinxulumene namanzi. Lumka nokuba abantwana basebhafini.
- Faka izixhobo zokuvavanyela umsi kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanyela i-carbon monoxide ekhayeni lakho.
- Ukuba umntu usele ityhefu, mse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungatsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi ngeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ioksijini ibubomi engqondweni yakho. Nokuba yimizuzu embalwa ngaphandle kwayo iyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuba umntu ngequbuliso uqalisa ukuthetha into engaqondakaliyo, alahlekelwe zingqondo, okanye atshintshe abe luhlaza, yingxaki yezonyango leyo.
- Ukuba ubona ezi mpawu, ungenzi nto yimbi uze uthathe isigulana usise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
- Nangona ukuchacha kunokwenzeka, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomonakalo, kwaye unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo lubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ngokufunda indlela yokwenza i-CPR, nawe unokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi bomntu kwaye uthintele ukwenzakala okukhulu kwengqondo kwimeko efana nale.
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