Ngaba imithambo yakho iyaqina? Masiqonde i-Arteriosclerosis eneNirogi Lanka!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) emzimbeni wakho njengefana nemibhobho yamanzi? Le mithambo yegazi inoxanduva lokuthwala igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini eninzi lisuka entliziyweni yakho liye emzimbeni wakho wonke. Nangona kunjalo, le ayingombhobho oqinileyo nje kuphela; iyaguquguquka, njengepayipi entsha yerabha. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, le mithambo yegazi iqala ukuqina kwaye ityebe. Ngokwezonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi `( Arteriosclerosis )`, okanye "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi." Le yimeko enzima kuba ikhula kancinci kwaye idla ngokubonakala buthule ngaphandle kokuba ungazi nokuba yintoni na.

Yintoni kanye kanye `(i-Arteriosclerosis)`? Masiyihlalutye!

Ngamafutshane, `(I-Arteriosclerosis)` yenzeka xa iindonga zemithambo yakho—imithambo ephambili ethwala igazi—zikhula zize zilahlekelwe bubuthambile bazo bendalo, zibe ziqinile. Cinga ngepayipi yamanzi entsha; kulula ukuyigoba, akunjalo? Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba indala kwaye ivezwe kwizinto ezibangela ubushushu, ilahlekelwa bubuthambile kwaye inokuqhekeka ukuba uzama ukuyigoba. Yiloo nto kanye eyenzekayo kwimithambo yakho.

Le mithambo yegazi yinkqubo ebalulekileyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo yakho ibetha, ityhala igazi elineoksijini kuwo onke amalungu kunye nezicubu ngokusebenzisa le mithambo yegazi. Xa le mithambo yegazi iqina , inokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo enokuphazamisa yonke inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi .

`(I-Arteriosclerosis)` ayisiyonto eyenzeka ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Ikhula kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba isenokungabonakalisi zimpawu kwaphela ekuqaleni kwayo. Ungaziva uphilile ixesha elide de kubekho iingxaki ngequbuliso ngenxa yokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokuba nezifo zentliziyo, eziquka intliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Abantu abaninzi badla ngokubhidanisa igama elithi `(Arteriosclerosis)` kunye nelithi `(Atherosclerosis)` okanye basebenzise la magama ngokutshintshana. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwawo.

• `(I-Arteriosclerosis)` ibhekisa ekuqineni nasekuqineni ngokubanzi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu.
• `(I-atherosclerosis)` ibhekisa ngokukodwa ekuqineni kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokuqokelelana kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi. Olu luhlobo oluthile lwe-`(i-Arteriosclerosis)`, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba lelona gama uqhelene nalo kakhulu.

Ngoku makhe sihlolisise ezinye iintlobo ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)` kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`:

1. I-atherosclerosis

Olu lolona hlobo ludumileyo esiluxubushe ngaphambili. `(I-Atherosclerosis)` lwenzeka xa amanqatha (i-plaque okanye i-atheroma) eqokelelana kancinci kancinci ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yakho ephakathi nekhulu. Cinga ngayo njengomhlwa oqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi. Lo maleko wamafutha siwubiza ngokuba yi-`(i-plaque)`.

Ichaphazela ikakhulu imithambo emininzi emikhulu:

• I-Aorta - Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wakho.
• Imithambo yeCoronary - Imithambo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho.
• Imithambo yeCarotid - Imithambo ephambili ehambisa igazi engqondweni yakho.
• Imithambo ye-Femoral - Ifumaneka kwindawo yethanga.
• Imithambo ye-Iliac - Ifumaneka kwindawo ye-pelvic.

Le `(iplaque)` ingena ngaphakathi kodonga lwemithambo yegazi `(tunica intima)`. Ekuqaleni, oku akubangeli zimpawu. Kodwa njengoko iplaque ikhula, indlela yemithambo yegazi (lumen) iyancipha, ithintele ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukongeza, kukho umngcipheko wokuba amahlwili egazi enzeke kwiplaque, enokuthi ivale ngokupheleleyo imithambo yegazi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi . Ukuba uhlangabezana nezi zinto, fowunela u-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

2. I-Arteriolosclerosis

Nangona i-`(Atherosclerosis)` ichaphazela imithambo ephakathi nekhulu, i-`(Arteriolosclerosis)` ichaphazela imithambo emincinci , eyaziwa ngokuba yi-`(arterioles)`. Le mithambo isebenza njengonxibelelwano phakathi kwemithambo emikhulu kunye nee-capillaries ezincinci. `(Arterioles)` idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho.

`(I-Arteriolosclerosis)` kukuqina kweendonga zale mithambo mincinci. Oku kunokuchaphazela imithambo emincinci kwizintso zakho nasebuchotsheni. Xa ezi ndonga zikhula, azikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungahambeni kakuhle kwegazi ukuya kumalungu omzimba kunye neengxaki ezahlukeneyo.

3. I-Mönckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis

Ikwaziwa nangokuthi `(medial arterial calcification)`, le meko ibandakanya ukufakwa kwekhalsiyam kumaleko ophakathi wodonga lwemithambo `(tunica media)`. Xa ikhalsiyam iqokelelana kolu maleko uphakathi, udonga lwemithambo luqina . Oku kubonakala kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kwama-50. Nangona kunjalo, abo baneengxaki zempilo ezingapheliyo—ezifana neSifo sezintso ezingapheliyo —banokuyifumana kwangethuba.

Le meko ikwaphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye yandisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Rhoqo, `(Arteriosclerosis)` ayibonisi zimpawu de kubekho iingxaki ezinkulu. Xa kuvela iimpawu, ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo echaphazelekileyo. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intlungu evuthayo okanye ebuhlungu emilenzeni, ingakumbi ezinyaweni, nangona uphumle.
• Utshintsho kwimijikelo yokuchama rhoqo.
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki .
• Isiyezi.
• Ulusu olomileyo, ukurhawuzelela , okanye ukuba ndindisholo.
• Ukudinwa okungapheliyo.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungaqhelekanga.
• Intlungu emilenzeni xa uhamba (eyehlayo xa uphumle)—oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-`(intermittent claudication)`.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo .
• Intetho engacacanga okanye ubunzima bokuveza iingcinga.
• Amanxeba aphiliswa kancinci ezinyaweni.
• Ukudumba (ukudumba).
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso kwelinye iliso.
• Ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba.

Kubalulekile:Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, istroke, uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (i-TIA - edla ngokuchazwa njenge-'mini-stroke'), i-pulmonary embolism (i-PE - i-blood clot emiphungeni), okanye i-acute mesenteric ischemia (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa amathumbu akho), fowunela i-911 okanye iinkonzo zongxamiseko zasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni ebangela i-Arteriosclerosis? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

I-Arteriosclerosis yenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho olukwiindonga zemithambo yegazi. Olu tshintsho luqala kwinqanaba leeseli ezincinci, ezingabonakaliyo ekuqaleni. Umzekelo, umonakalo kwingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi (i-endothelium) unokukhokelela kwi-atherosclerosis.

Nangona uninzi lwezi nguqu zenzeka ngokwendalo njengoko ukhula—into ongenakuyitshintsha—kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nemingcipheko onokuyilawula . Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni le mingcipheko nasekukhuseleni impilo yakho yemithambo yegazi.

Izinto eziphambili ezibangela ukuba imithambo yakho iqine ziquka:

• Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.
• Ukukhula ngeminyaka.
• Ukungaqhubi rhoqo umzimba.
• Isifo seMetabolic.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba (kuquka ukutshaya, ukutshaya i-vaping, okanye ukuhlafuna icuba).
• Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile.

Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho eNirogi Lanka ukuze uchonge izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko. Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifihlakeleyo, ukuzilawula ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunye namayeza amiselweyo yindlela enamandla yokugcina imithambo yakho iphilile.

Iyintoni impembelelo ye-Arteriosclerosis? (Iingxaki)

I-Arteriosclerosis iphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Xa imithambo yegazi iqina , ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini kunye nezondlo ezibalulekileyo kumalungu omzimba wakho kunye nezicubu zakho kuyaphazamiseka. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo ezinzulu, ezinje:

• Ii-Aneurysms (ukudumba okungaqhelekanga komthambo).
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid.
• Isifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD).
• Ischemia yemilenze ebalulekileyo (ukuthintelwa okukhulu kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya emilenzeni).
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• I-Mesenteric ischemia.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umqolo (i-PAD).
• Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-stenosis yemithambo yezintso.
• Istroke.
• I-Thrombosis (ukuqhekeka kwegazi).
• Uhlaselo lwe-ischemic olukhawulezileyo (TIA).

Ngamanye amaxesha, isigulana sinokuba neentlobo ezininzi ze-arteriosclerosis ngaxeshanye. Isiphumo esidibeneyo sinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo, uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuba umntu une-medial arterial calcification (iidipozithi zecalcium kumaleko ophakathi we-artery) kunye ne-atherosclerosis (iidipozithi zamafutha), inkqubo yokuncitshiswa iyakhawuleziswa. Ngokwesiqhelo, njengoko iidipozithi zamafutha kumaleko ongaphakathi (intima), i-artery iyakhula ngaphandle ukuze igcine ukuhamba kwegazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umaleko ophakathi (media) uqiniswe yi-calcium, imithambo yegazi ayinakukhula, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iidipozithi zamafutha zithintele ngokuthe ngqo i-lumen (indlela yokuhamba kwegazi).

Ifunyanwa njani i-Arteriosclerosis?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuyixilonga le meko ngokuthi:

• Ukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba .
• Ukuphonononga imbali yezonyango yosapho lwakho, indlela yokuphila, kunye neempawu .
• Uku-odola iimvavanyo ezithile zokuxilonga .

Uvavanyo lokuxilonga i-Arteriosclerosis

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya impilo yakho yemithambo yegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi, kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo, ezifana nezi:

• I-ultrasound yesisu.
• I-Angiography (kusetyenziswa idayi yomahluko kunye ne-X-rays ukuze kubonwe imithambo yegazi).
• Isalathisi se-Ankle-brachial (ABI) – silinganisa ukuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
• I-ultrasound ye-carotid.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan eqikelelweyo.
• I-Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yentliziyo).
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) – ukulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba – ukuze ubone indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo ngexesha lomsebenzi womzimba.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Arteriosclerosis?

Izicwangciso zonyango lwe-Arteriosclerosis ziquka:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (umz., ukuzilolonga rhoqo, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuyeka ukutshaya).
• Amayeza .
• Iinkqubo zonyango okanye utyando .

Ugqirha wakho eNirogi Lanka uza kwenza isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe wena ngokweemfuno zakho. Injongo yabo kukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wakho, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki, kunye nokulawula iimpawu zakho. Xoxa nomboneleli wakho wezonyango ukuze ubone eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuwe.

Ngaba i-Arteriosclerosis ingathintelwa?

Nangona kungenakwenzeka rhoqo ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho ngokuthatha la manyathelo:

• Ziphephe zonke iimveliso zecuba (kuquka ukutshaya, ukutshaya i-vaping, okanye ukuhlafuna icuba).
• Yamkela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo (njengokutya kweMedithera).
• Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
• Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni.
• Ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iimeko zempilo ezisisiseko (ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-Arteriosclerosis?

I-Arteriosclerosis ingakhokelela kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, ungayilawula ngempumelelo le meko kwaye uphile ubomi obude nobunempilo. Nceda uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuze uqonde ukuba ungalindela ntoni, njengoko eyazi kakuhle imbali yakho yempilo kwaye enokubonelela ngesikhokelo esifanelekileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Qiniseka ukuba undwendwela ugqirha wakho ukuze ahlolwe umzimba rhoqo ngonyaka. Kubalulekile nokuba ulandele zonke iintlanganiso zokulandelela njengoko kucetyisiwe.

Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uqaphela:

• Naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye utshintsho kwiimpawu ezikhoyo.
• Imibuzo malunga nesicwangciso sakho sonyango.
• Iziphumo ezingathandekiyo ezivela kumayeza akho.

Akukho mthombo wobutsha kwimithambo yethu. Njengamanye amalungu omzimba, ayaguga ngokuhamba kwexesha, kancinci kancinci abe lukhuni aze alahlekelwe bubuthambile bawo bendalo. Izinto ezithile ezinobungozi zinokukhawulezisa kakhulu le nkqubo.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iingcali zonyango zinokukunceda uchonge izinto ezithile ezikubangela umngcipheko. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nempilo yakho yemithambo yegazi, zeziphi iimpawu zokulumkisa ekufuneka uziqaphele, kunye namanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuthintela iingxaki. Banokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo okanye amayeza okugcina imithambo yegazi yakho isempilweni ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

Ukushwankathela oko sikuthethileyo, nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule:

• I-Arteriosclerosis kukuqina nokuqina kweendonga zemithambo yegazi, okwenzeka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• I-atherosclerosis luhlobo oluthile olubandakanya ukuqokelelana kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo kwizigaba zokuqala, yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha.
• Izinto eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko ziquka uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, ukutshaya, kunye nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phantsi.
• Ukuba ayilawulwa, oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye istroke.
• Nangona kunjalo, ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, ukuthatha amayeza acetyisiweyo, nokulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho, ungayilawula le meko kwaye wehlise iingozi zakho.

Beka impilo yentliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi yakho phambili namhlanje. NgeNirogi Lanka, thabatha inyathelo lokuqala eliya kubomi obusempilweni nobunempilo ngakumbi!