Ingaba imithambo yakho yegazi ityebile? Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-arteriosclerosis!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) engaphakathi emzimbeni wethu ifana nemibhobho? Le yileyo ithwala igazi elicocekileyo , elinomoya-mpilo omninzi ukusuka entliziyweni yethu ukuya emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko ke, le mithambo yegazi ayiziyo nje imibhobho, iguquguquka, njengetyhubhu entsha yerabha. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, le mithambo yegazi iqala ukuqina kwaye ityebe. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuthi `( Arteriosclerosis )` okanye "ukuqina kweendonga zemithambo yegazi" okanye "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi". Le yimbali enzulu, kuba oku kwenzeka kuthi, nangona singazi.

Yintoni i-`(Arteriosclerosis)`? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, "i-Arteriosclerosis" kuxa iindonga zemithambo yakho yegazi, imithambo yegazi ephambili ethwala igazi, ziqina kancinci kancinci, zilahlekelwa bubuthambile bazo, kwaye ziqine. Cinga ngayo, ingaba umbhobho wamanzi omtsha unokugoba lula kangakanani? Kodwa xa uguga kwaye utyhileka elangeni nasemvuleni, ulahlekelwa bubuthambile bayo, kwaye ukuba uzama ukuwugoba, unokwaphuka, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwimithambo yethu yegazi.

Le mithambo yegazi yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo yethu ibetha, igazi elicocekileyo, elinomoya-mpilo omninzi lithwalwa emzimbeni wonke, liye kuwo onke amalungu omzimba kunye nezicubu, ngale mithambo yegazi. Ngoko ke, xa le mithambo yegazi iqina , ukuhamba kwegazi kunokuphazamiseka. Emva koko yonke inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi inokuphazamiseka.

Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Arteriosclerosis)` ayiphuhli ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Iphuhla kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba inokuba neempawu ezingabonakaliyo kwizigaba zokuqala. Usenokungaziva nto ixesha elide, uze emva koko ufumane kuphela xa kuvela ezinye iingxaki ngenxa yokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokuba nezifo zentliziyo, oko kukuthi, izifo ezinxulumene nentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Abantu abaninzi bayawabhidanisa amagama athi `(Arteriosclerosis)` kunye nelithi `(Atherosclerosis)` baze bawasebenzise njengelinye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwala magama mabini.

• I-Arteriosclerosis kukuqina nokuqina kweendonga zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu .
• I-atherosclerosis yimeko apho i-plaque yakheka ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iqine . Olu luhlobo oluthile lwe-arteriosclerosis. Eli mhlawumbi lelona gama ulivileyo kakhulu.

Ngoku makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha ezinye iintlobo ze-arteriosclerosis kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-arteriosclerosis:

1. I-Atherosclerosis `(I-Atherosclerosis)`

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo esikhe sathetha ngalo ngaphambili. I-atherosclerosis kukwanda kancinci kancinci kwamafutha (i-plaque okanye i-atheroma) ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yakho ephakathi nekhulu. Cinga ngayo njengomhlwa oqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi. Lo maleko wamafutha siwubiza ngokuba yi-'plaque'.

Nazi ezinye zemithambo yegazi echaphazeleka kakhulu:

• I-Aorta - Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu.
• Imithambo yentliziyo – imithambo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• Imithambo yeCarotid – imithambo ephambili ehambisa igazi engqondweni.
• Imithambo ye-Femoral
• Imithambo ye-Iliac

Le `(iplaque)` ifakwa kumgca ongaphakathi wodonga lwemithambo `(tunica intima).` Kwinqanaba lokuqala, oku akubangeli ngxaki okanye iimpawu. Kodwa njengoko lo mgca unamafutha ukhula kancinci kancinci, indlela yegazi (lumen) ngaphakathi kwemithambo iyancipha. Emva koko indawo yokuhamba kwegazi iyancipha. Kwakhona, kukho umngcipheko wokuba amahlwili egazi akheke kule `(iplaque)`. La mahlwili egazi anokuvala ngokupheleleyo umthambo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi zinokwenzeka.

2. I-Arteriosclerosis `(I-Arteriolosclerosis)`

Nangona `(I-Atherosclerosis)` ichaphazela imithambo ephakathi nekhulu, `(I-Arteriolosclerosis)` ichaphazela imithambo emincinci. Le mithambo mincinci siyibiza ngokuba yi`(i-arterioles).` Le yileyo isebenza njengekhonkco phakathi kwemithambo emikhulu kunye ne`(i-capillaries)` emincinci. Ezi`(i-arterioles)` zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi`( uxinzelelo lwegazi ).`

I-Arteriolosclerosis kukuqina kweendonga zale mithambo mincinci (ii-arterioles). Oku kunokuchaphazela nemithambo emincinci kwizintso zethu nasebuchotsheni. Xa ezi ndonga zikhula, azikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle. Emva koko amalungu omzimba awafumani gazi laneleyo, kwaye kunokubakho iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.

3. I-Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis `(i-Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis)`

Elinye igama lale nto yi-"medial arterial calcification." Oku kukubekwa kwe-calcium kumaleko ophakathi wodonga lwe-arterial ``tunica media.``Xa i-calcium deposits iqokelelana kule maleko iphakathi, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyaqina . Oku kubonakala kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, inokukhula kwangethuba kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile ezingapheliyo (umzekelo, isifo sezintso esingapheliyo).

Le meko ikwabangela ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Ixesha elininzi, akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo de kubekho iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-"Arteriosclerosis." Nokuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwengxaki kunye nendawo echaphazeleka kuyo. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Ukuziva utshisa okanye uqaqamba emilenzeni, ingakumbi ezinyaweni, nokuba uphumle.
• Utshintsho kwinani lokuchama rhoqo.
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki.
• Isiyezi.
• Ulusu olomileyo, olurhawuzelelayo , okanye olungenamsebenzi.
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu (Ukudinwa).
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Intlungu emilenzeni xa uhamba (imilenze ibuhlungu xa uhamba umgama omfutshane, kwaye iyaphela xa uyeka) – oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`intermittent claudication``.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Intetho engacacanga okanye ubunzima bokuveza izimvo.
• Amanxeba eenyawo (kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola).
• Ukudumba (ukudumba).
• Ukulahlekelwa kukubona kwelinye iliso.
• Ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, isifo sohlangothi esidlulayo (i-TIA) (njengesifo sohlangothi esincinci), isifo sohlangothi oluphuma emaphaphu (i-PE) (igazi eliqhekekileyo emiphungeni), okanye i-acute mesenteric ischemia (ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi emathunjini), kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwinombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko.

Zithini izizathu ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

I-Arteriosclerosis ibangelwa lutshintsho eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Olu tshintsho luqala lwenzeke kwinqanaba leeseli, luncinci kangangokuba asinakukwazi nokulubona. Umzekelo, umonakalo kwingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi (endothelium) ubangela i-atherosclerosis.

Uninzi lwezi nguqu zenzeka njengoko sikhula. Asinakuyithintela imingcipheko ehambisana nokwaluphala. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezinye izinto ezinobungozi esinokuzilawula nokuzilawula. Ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunokunceda kakhulu koku.

Izinto eziphambili ezibangela ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi zezi:

• Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo.
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Inqanaba eliphezulu le-cholesterol egazini.
• Ukukhula kweminyaka.
• Ukungazilolongi umzimba.
• Isifo seMetabolic.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba (ukutshaya, iicuba, itshungama, njl.njl.).
• Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akuchazele naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko. Umzekelo, ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifana nezi, ukuzilawula ngokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kunye namayeza kunokunceda kakhulu ekugcineni imithambo yakho iphilile.

Zithini iziphumo ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`? (Iingxaki)

I-Arteriosclerosis iphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Xa imithambo yegazi iqina , ukunikezelwa kweoksijini kunye nezondlo kumalungu omzimba kunye nezicubu kuyaphazamiseka. Ke ngoko, ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo:

• Ii-Aneurysms (ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi).
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid.
• Isifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD).
• Ischemia yemilenze ebalulekileyo yimeko enzulu ebangelwa kukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi emilenzeni.
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi emathunjini (i-Mesenteric ischemia).
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umqolo (i-PAD)
• Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-stenosis yemithambo yezintso.
• Istroke.
• Ihlwili legazi `(Thrombosis)`.
• Iimpawu zohlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA).

Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu unokuba neentlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye ze-arteriosclerosis, kwaye iziphumo zazo ezidibeneyo zinokubangela iingxaki ngaphambi kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Umzekelo, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ukuba umntu one-`(medial arterial calcification)` (iidipozithi zecalcium kumaleko ophakathi wodonga lwemithambo yegazi) naye une-`(atherosclerosis)` (iidipozithi zamafutha), inkqubo yokunciphisa imithambo yegazi inokukhawuleziswa. Oku kungenxa yokuba, ngesiqhelo, xa iidipozithi zamafutha ziqokelelana kumaleko ongaphakathi wodonga lwemithambo yegazi `(intima),` udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyakhula ngaphandle, luvumela igazi ukuba lidlule. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umaleko ophakathi `(media)` uqiniswe ziidipozithi zecalcium, udonga lwemithambo yegazi alunakukhula ngaphandle. Ke ngoko, iidipozithi zamafutha kumaleko ongaphakathi zinciphisa ngokuthe ngqo `(lumen)` apho igazi linokuhamba khona.

Ifunyanwa njani i-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Oogqirha baxilonga le meko ngokuthi:

• Kwenziwe uvavanyo lomzimba .
• Buza imibuzo malunga nembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho, indlela yokuphila, kunye neempawu .
• Kwenziwe uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo.

Uvavanyo lokuxilonga `(i-Arteriosclerosis)`

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yemithambo yegazi yakho, ukuhamba kwegazi, kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• I-ultrasound yesisu.
• I-Angiography – I-X-ray ithathwa ngokufaka idayi kwimithambo yegazi.
• Isalathisi se-Ankle-brachial (ABI) – silinganisa ubungakanani bokuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni.
• I-ultrasound ye-carotid.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• Iskeni se-CT `(Iskeni se-CT esibalwe ngekhompyutha)`.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) - uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound yentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-E.C.G. `(I-Electrocardiogram – EKG/ECG)` – Lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzivocavoca - Olu vavanyo luvavanya indlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Unyango lwe-`(Arteriosclerosis)` luquka:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (umz., ukuzilolonga, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa icuba).
• Amayeza .
• Iinkqubo zonyango okanye utyando .

Ugqirha wakho uza kulungelelanisa isicwangciso sakho sonyango ngokweemfuno zakho. Baza kwenza isicwangciso sokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi lakho, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki, kunye nokulawula iimpawu zakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo.

Ngaba i-Arteriosclerosis ingathintelwa?

Ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi akunakuthintelwa ngamaxesha onke. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba (ukutshaya, ukuvasa, ukutshiza itshungama, njl.njl.).
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo (umz. Ukutya kwaseMedithera).
• Zilolonge ubuncinane iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
• Gcina iimeko zempilo ezingaziwayo (ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) zilawulwa kakuhle.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

I-Arteriosclerosis inokubangela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uxilongiwe kwaye unyangwe kwangethuba, ungayilawula le meko kwaye uphile ubomi obude nobunempilo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga nokuba ungalindela ntoni. Bakwazi ngcono wena kunye nembali yakho yezonyango.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Bona ugqirha wakho ukuze akuxilonge umzimba rhoqo ngonyaka. Kwakhona, ungalibali ukuya kuvavanyo olulandelayo olucetywayo ngugqirha wakho.

Fowunela ugqirha wakho nangaliphi na ixesha ukuba:

• Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyatshintsha.
• Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nesicwangciso sakho sonyango.
• Ukuba unyango lubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Imithambo yethu ayinamthombo wobutsha. Iyaguga njengeminye imizimba yethu. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, imithambo yethu iyaqina kancinci kancinci kwaye ingaguquguquki kangako. Izinto ezithile ezinobungozi zinokukhawulezisa le nkqubo.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba oogqirha banokukuchonga oko usengozini kuko. Babuze ngempilo yemithambo yakho yegazi, into omawuyiqaphele, kunye nento onokuyenza ukuthintela iingxaki. Banokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo okanye amayeza anokunceda ukugcina imithambo yakho yegazi isempilweni ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto esithethe ngazo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Arteriosclerosis kukuqina nokuqina kweendonga zemithambo yegazi. Oku kwenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha.
• I-atherosclerosis yenye yezona ntlobo ziphambili zale nto, apho amanqatha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo kwizigaba zokuqala, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa rhoqo ngugqirha kubalulekile.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, ukutshaya, kunye nokungazilolongi zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko.
• Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
• Nangona kunjalo, le meko inokulawulwa kwaye umngcipheko uncitshiswe ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, ukuthatha amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango .

Ngoko ke, khathalela impilo yentliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi. Thatha inyathelo eliya kubomi obusempilweni namhlanje!