Masifunde "ngokugcinwa kwenyongo" okanye i-cholestasis.

Ngaba wakha weva "ngokuvaleka kwenyongo" okanye "amatye enyongo"? Usenokuba ukhe wababona abantu abanamehlo nolusu olujika lube tyheli. Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto kwaye kutheni zenzeka? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo. Ngokwezonyango ibizwa ngokuba yi-cholestasis. Ungakhathazeki, masiyichaze ngokulula.

Yintoni iCholestasis?

Ngamafutshane, i-cholestasis iyenzeka xa ukuhamba kwenyongo kwisibindi sakho kuyehla okanye kuyeka ngokupheleleyo. Cinga ngayo njengomzi-mveliso omncinci emzimbeni wethu. Ivelisa into ebizwa ngokuba yinyongo . Le nyongo isinceda sigaye ukutya esikutyayo, ingakumbi ukutya okunamafutha.

Isibindi sivelisa le nyongo size siyithumele kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya ngenethiwekhi yeetyhubhu ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bile ducts . Ezinye zezi nyongo zingaphakathi kwesibindi (intrahepatic ducts) kwaye ezinye zingaphandle kwesibindi (extrahepatic ducts). Le nkqubo yee-ducts idibanisa isibindi, i-gallbladder, i-pancreas , kunye namathumbu amancinci. Xa zidibene, ezi zenza inkqubo ye-biliary .

Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okanye ukuvaleka kwenye indawo kule nkqubo ye-bile duct? Kufana nombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo. I-bile ayikwazi ukuhamba kakuhle. Emva koko le bile iqala ukuqokelelana kwi-bile ducts nakwizitho ezinxulumene nayo ezifana nesibindi. Oku kungonakalisa ezo zicubu kwaye kuphazamise ukusebenza kwazo. Akupheleli apho, kodwa le bile eqokelelweyo iqala ukuvuza egazini kancinci kancinci. Oku kuyingozi kwaye kuyityhefu emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo kwaye, ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunokukhokelela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo. I-Cholestasis ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingxaki yexeshana, okanye inokuba yingxaki eyanda kancinci kancinci kwaye iqhubeke.

Oku kuyichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

I-Cholestasis inokuchaphazela umzimba wakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Iziphumo zexesha elifutshane:

Into yokuqala echaphazeleka zizitho zomzimba ezikwinkqubo yakho yenyongo. Ukuqokelelana kwenyongo kunokubangela ukuba isibindi, inyongo, ipancreas, okanye imibhobho yenyongo idumbe kwaye ivuvuke . Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu kunye nesicaphucaphu. Kwakhona kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba amathumbu amancinci awafumani nyongo yaneleyo, amafutha akukutya okutyayo awagaywa kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba, ukungagaywa kakuhle, kunye norhudo.

Iziphumo zexesha elide:

Ukuba le meko iyaqhubeka, kusenokuvela ezinye iingxaki.

• Ukuqokelelwa kwenyongo egazini kunokubangela i-jaundice , eba yimthubi emehlweni naselusu, kunye nomchamo omnyama.
• Abanye abantu banokufumana ukurhawuzelelwa kakhulu (ukurhawuzelelwa) . Oku kungenxa yokuba iityuwa zenyongo egazini zivuselela imithambo-luvo.
• Ukudumba ixesha elide kwamalungu omzimba anjengesibindi kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekulahlekelweni ngumsebenzi osisigxina. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis .
• Iivithamini ezinyibilikayo ngamafutha, ezifana neevithamini A , D, E, kunye ne-K , azifunxwa kakuhle ngumzimba. Oku kunokukhokelela ekungondlekini kakuhle. Oku kungaba ngunobangela wokukhula okungalindelekanga, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.

Ingakumbi khumbula!

I-obstetric cholestasis ngexesha lokukhulelwa inyusa umngcipheko weengxaki ezisongela ubomi kumama nakwimveku. Ezi ziquka i-preeclampsia, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kunye nokuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zoku?

Zininzi izinto ezibangela i-cholestasis. Ngokubanzi, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeengxaki:

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-cholestasis?

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi eziqhele ukubonwa kwesi sifo:

• I-Jaundice: Ukutyheli kolusu lwakho kunye namhlophe emehlweni akho kudla ngokuba luphawu lokuqala lokuba isibindi sakho asisebenzi kakuhle. Oku kubangelwa kukuqokelelana kwe-bile egazini. Ngokukodwa, umbala obizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin kwi-bile ubangela lo mbala utyheli. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-bilirubin ikwaphuma kumchamo, nto leyo enokwenza umchamo ube nombala otyheli/omdaka omnyama.
• Indle enombala okhanyayo: Oku kungenxa yokuba indle ayihambi kakuhle emathunjini, nto leyo enokubangela utshintsho kwindle. Xa indle ingekho ukuze igaye amafutha, amafutha ayaphuma kunye nendle. Olu hlobo lwendle lumhlophe, lunombala wodongwe. Kwakhona, lo mbala ukhanyayo ubangelwa kukungabikho kwe-bilirubin (ngesiqhelo, indle imdaka ngenxa ye-bilirubin). Ezi zinokudada emanzini kwaye zibe nevumba elibi.
• Ukurhawuzelela: Olu lolunye uphawu oluqhelekileyo olubonwa kwi-cholestasis. Ukurhawuzelela okunxulumene ne-bile kwenzeka xa iityuwa ze-bile okanye ii-bile acids ziqokelelana egazini kwaye zivuselela imithambo-luvo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba. Oku kurhawuzelela akubangeli naluphi na urhawuzelelo. Abanye abantu banomdla ngakumbi kwezi tyuwa ze-bile. Abanye abantu banokurhawuzelela okuncinci, ngelixa abanye benako okuninzi. Ukurhawuzelela kunokuba ngakumbi kwizandla, ezinyaweni, nasemalungeni, kwaye umzimba wonke unokurhawuzelela.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela kuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-cholestasis.

• Intlungu zesisu
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukudinwa

Uyibona njani le nto?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-cholestasis, into yokuqala ugqirha aya kuyenza kukuvavanya isampuli yegazi lakho.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi:Oku kujonga amanqanaba aphezulu e-bilirubin kunye ne-bile salts. Kukwajonga ne-cholesterol ephezulu kunye nee-enzymes ezithile zesibindi, ezifana ne-gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) kunye ne-alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Ezi zinokunika umbono othile ngesizathu sesifo.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa isifo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukwenza uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukujonga inkqubo yakho yenyongo. Olu vavanyo lunokuqala ngovavanyo olulula, olungangenisi gazi olufana ne-ultrasound yesisu okanye i-CT scan yesisu. Olu vavanyo lunokukhangela ukuvaleka komzimba kwimibhobho yenyongo kunye nokudumba kwamalungu omzimba.
• Uvavanyo lokuhlola: Ezinye izizathu ze-cholestasis zifuna uviwo lwangaphakathi ukuze kufunyanwe kwaye kunyangwe unobangela. Ugqirha unokufuna ukuhlola imibhobho yenyongo okanye athathe iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu esibindini (i-biopsy yesibindi) ukuze livavanywe kwilebhu. Ngexesha le-ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) , oogqirha banokukhangela baze banyange iingxaki kwimibhobho yenyongo.

Iphathwa njani?

Unyango lwe-cholestasis luxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko.

• Izizathu ezibukhali: Ezinye izizathu zinokunyangwa ngokulula. Amayeza abangela le ngxaki anokutshintshwa ngamanye amayeza. Ii-antibiotics okanye ii-antivirals zinokunikwa kwiintsholongwane. Ukuvaleka kwemibhobho yenyongo kunokususwa ngeenkqubo ze-endoscopic ezifana ne-ERCP.
• Izizathu Ezingapheliyo: Izizathu Ezingapheliyo Zesifo Sesibindi Zinokuba nzima ukuzinyanga. Ezinye izifo azinalo unyango oluhlala luhleli, kwaye amanxeba esibindi (i-cirrhosis) akanakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila olufana nokutya, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha utywala kunokunceda ukulawula ukuqhubela phambili kwezifo ezininzi zesibindi. Okwangoku, ugqirha wakho uza kugxila ekunyangeni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zesifo sakho.

Unyango lungabandakanya:

• Isondlo: Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya kunye nezongezo zesondlo zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ukungondleki kakuhle kunye nokungabikho kweevithamini.
• I-asidi ye-Ursodeoxycholic:Eli yeza lidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa amatye enyongo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokunceda kwi-cholestasis ngokunyusa ukuveliswa kwenyongo nokunciphisa imiphumo yeetyuwa zenyongo ezigqithisileyo egazini.
• I-Naltrexone: Le mithi yokuthintela i-opioid ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukurhawuzelela okukhulu. Isebenza ngokuvala iindlela zemithambo-luvo ezikhuthazwa yi-bile acids egazini.
• I-Cholestyramine: Eli yeza lokunciphisa i-cholesterol libopha i-cholesterol kunye ne-bile salts emathunjini, nto leyo evumela ukuba uninzi lwayo lukhutshwe kwi-stool.